Showing papers by "University of Erlangen-Nuremberg published in 1982"
TL;DR: In this article, the authors derived limiting conditions which result in a classification of powders which is equivalent to the definition given by Geldart [1], and defined the separation of powder group B from powder group A by the unimportance of cohesion forces on fluidization behavior in the case of powder groups B and C.
242 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the entire set of methyl anions, XCH 2 -, substituted by first-row substituents, Li, BeH, BH 2, CH 3, NH 2, OH, and F, was examined at various ab initio levels.
Abstract: The entire set of methyl anions, XCH 2 - , substituted by first-row substituents, Li, BeH, BH 2 , CH 3 , NH 2 , OH, and F, was examined at various ab initio levels. Diffuse orbital-augmented basis sets, such as 4-31+G and 6-31+G ∗ , are needed to describe the energies of these anions adequately. Estimates of proton affinities are further improved by second-order Moller-Plesset (MP2) electron correlation corrections, but relative energies are less affected. The methyl group in the ethyl anion is destabilizing, the amino substituent is borderline, but all other groups are stabilizing. Very large π effects are exhibited by BH 2 and BeH groups; inductive stabilization by the electronegative F and OH groups is less effective. Lithium also is stabilizing, but the best singlet geometry of CH 2 Li - is not planar. A planar CH 2 Li - triplet with a π 1 configuration may be lower in energy.
242 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a theoretical concept is developed which rests on existing hardening models estimating the increase of the yield stress due to pairwise particle cutting and anti-phase domain boundary (APB) formation.
205 citations
01 Jan 1982
TL;DR: The ability to induce neoplastic disease rapidly and reproducibly has made this system attractive for investigation of the biological, immunological, and molecular parameters of Cell transformation and tumor induction.
Abstract: Herpesvirus saimiri (H. saimiri) is a ubiquitous agent of squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus), a primate species native to the South American rain forests. The virus can easily be isolated from blood and tissue-culture cells of most healthy squirrel monkeys, and there is no evidence so far that H. saimiri is pathogenic in its natural host. After the first report on isolation of H. saimiri from primary kidney-cell cultures by Melendez et al. (1968) from the New England Primate Research Center, the virus was regarded as a harmless indigenous agent of squirrel monkeys. The interest in this virus arose from the observation that H. saimiri is extremely oncogenic in a number of other primate species that are presumably not infected under usual wildlife conditions (Melendez et al., 1969b). Marmoset monkeys of the genus Saguinus consistently develop malignant tumors of the lymphatic system, usually within 2 months of infection. The ability to induce neoplastic disease rapidly and reproducibly has made this system attractive for investigation of the biological, immunological, and molecular parameters of Cell transformation and tumor induction.
205 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the theoretical concept described in the preceding paper (part I) and examined the RT yield stress of the strengthened Nickel base alloys Nimonic PE 16 and Nimonic 105.
165 citations
TL;DR: Attributed programmed graph grammars are introduced in this paper and their application to the interpretation of schematic diagrams is proposed.
Abstract: Attributed programmed graph grammars are introduced in this paper and their application to the interpretation of schematic diagrams is proposed. In contrast with most of the approaches to syntactic pattern recognition, where the grammar controls a parser, the grammar in our system is used as a generative tool. Two classes of diagrams are studied, namely circuit diagrams and flowcharts. The task is in either case to extract a description from an input diagram.
162 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the maximum amplitude of the desorption signal is recorded by a mass spectrometer as a function of the laser pulse intensity and of the CO coverage for both single pulses and sequences of pulses.
157 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a new einfaches Verfahren zur Decarboxylierung nicht aktivierter Carbonsauren is introduced. And this is the case of the heterogene Gasphasen-Katalyse unter Normaldruck with Wasserstoff als Reaktions medium.
Abstract: Hydrogenolyse, IV. Decarboxylierung von Carbonsauren in der Gasphase
Ein neues einfaches Verfahren zur Decarboxylierung nicht aktivierter Carbonsauren ist die heterogene Gasphasen-Katalyse unter Normaldruck mit Wasserstoff als Reaktionsmedium. Nickel-Katalysatoren decarboxylieren tertiare aliphatische, aromatische und araliphatische Carbonsauren bei 180°C, wahrend Palladium-Katalysatoren bei 330°C zur Decarboxylierung von primaren und sekundaren aliphatischen sowie aromatischen Carbonsauren geeigneter sind. Selbst Phthalsaureanhydrid wird mit Palladium-Katalysatoren vollstandig defunktionalisiert.
109 citations
TL;DR: Three optical methods are proposed for the production of the Wigner distribution function (WDF), which offers an alternative way of representing signals that depends simultaneously on time (or space) and on frequency.
104 citations
TL;DR: The findings show the specific effect of hydrochlorothiazide treatment to be a decrease in urinary calcium excretion in patients with calcium lithiasis, while other changes appear to be nonspecific effects of treatment.
102 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the activation of the 2′-position of 2-lithiobiphenyl was shown directly by a separate experiment, and MNDO calculations indicate stabilization in I by double bridging and in 2-LithIobiphensyl by intramolecular π interaction of Li with the o-phenyl group.
TL;DR: A nonlinear mathematical model of phase-locked loops with limiter phase detectors in the presence of noise is presented, showing a strong dependence on the specific phase detector realization.
Abstract: A nonlinear mathematical model of phase-locked loops with limiter phase detectors in the presence of noise is presented. The model, which is an extension of the well-known baseband model of loops with sinusoidal phase detectors without limiters, incorporates a modified nonlinear phase detector characteristic, the form of which is changed if the input carrier-to-noise ratio alters, as well as a modified phase noise as an input to the model. Both the modified phase detector characteristic and the spectral density of the modified noise term are calculated specifically for sinusoidal, triangular, and sawtooth types of limiter phase detectors, allowing the application of various methods to determine the loop noise performance. As an example, the phase error variance of a first-order phase-locked loop is calculated, thereby showing a strong dependence on the specific phase detector realization.
TL;DR: The system C4A.nH2O has been reinvestigated at 22°, 100 % and 65 % relative humidity as mentioned in this paper, where only very limited solid solution occurs in the system.
TL;DR: Serum free carnitine was decreased as well as 3-keto-valproic acid, the main metabolite of β-oxidation of valproate, in a 3-year-old girl who developed acute liver disease after treatment withValproate for 6 months.
Abstract: A 3-year-old girl developed acute liver disease after treatment with valproate for 6 months. She developed the typical features of Reye syndrome. Serum free carnitine was decreased as well as 3-keto-valproic acid, the main metabolite of β-oxidation of valproate. The serum valproate concentration was at the upper limit of the therapeutic range. The possible importance of carnitine in the pathogenesis of valproate induced liver disease is discussed.
TL;DR: Deficiency of coagulation factors VII and X was found in two patients who shared the same chromosomal aberration 46,XY,t(13;Y)(q11;q34) with probable loss of a terminal segment of 13q.
Abstract: Deficiency of coagulation factors VII and X was found in two patients (Erlangen and Nancy) who shared the same chromosomal aberration 46,XY,t(13;Y)(q11;q34) with probable loss of a terminal segment of 13q. Loci involved in synthesis or constitution of these factors may be located at 13 (q34).
TL;DR: In this paper, the structure transition Pt(100) 1 × 1 → hex is observed by means of LEED intensities and the development of spot profiles is recorded as well.
TL;DR: A survey of the distribution of the reefs in time and space (Figs. 1-2) indicates the existence of Anisian buildups (starting in the Pelsonian), and significantly restricted to the southern part of Europe.
Abstract: The paper is concerned with some key questions resulting from current studies of Triassic reefs and reef biota. A survey of the distribution of the reefs in time and space (Figs. 1–2) indicates the existence of Anisian buildups (starting in the Pelsonian), and significantly restricted to the southern part of Europe. Ladinian and Carnian reefs exhibit a larger distribution pattern, including Europe, Asia and western North America as well as Peru. Even broader is the distribution of Norian and Rhaetian reefs, which are known from many parts of the Tethys but have been studied in detail only in Europe, Central Asia and in western North America, The exact age of many Triassic reefs is controversial because of the strong facies control of reef biota. The composition of the framebuilding fauna (especially calcisponges and corals) can only differentiate an Anisian to Carnian time interval from a Late Upper Triassic interval.
04 Oct 1982
TL;DR: This paper presents a formalization of the notion graphic, which is considered to consist of an ordinary graph describing the overall structure and a set of attributes describing the shape, placement, etc. of the nodes and edges of the underlying graph.
Abstract: This paper presents a formalization of the notion graphic. A graphic is considered to consist of an ordinary graph describing the overall structure and a set of attributes describing the shape, placement, etc. of the nodes and edges of the underlying graph. The formal handling of graphics is done by attributing the rules of graph grammars and by passing the attributes up and down the derivation tree of the graphic.
TL;DR: In this paper, an entrainer was used to increase the solubility of fatty acids and their glycerides in supercritical supercritical gases, where the solvent power was increased so much that the regeneration of the circulating gas in a separation process was possible by a change of temperature only.
Abstract: The solubility of fatty acids and their glycerides in dense supercritical gases increases with increasing pressure at constant temperature. The temperature influences the solution equilibria in a more complicated way than the pressure. Addition of an entrainer increases the solubility in the gas phase. Furthermore, the temperature dependence of the solvent power is increased so much that the regeneration of the circulating gas in a separation process becomes possible by a change of temperature only. By a suitable entrainer the separation factor can also be improved.
TL;DR: In this article, a new technique is proposed for determining a measure σi of the long range internal back stresses in a deformed material, based on the inelastic back strain measured as the difference between the maximum observable and the instantaneous back strain accompanying a reduction in stress.
TL;DR: It appears that the association of characteristic chondro-osseous and endocrine abnormalities is non-random and that the lesions are independent manifestations of a pleiotropic gene.
Abstract: In 1972, Wolcott and Rallison described three siblings with a combination of infancy-onset diabetes mellitus and multiple epiphyseal dysplasia. We have observed a brother and sister with the same disorder. The chondro-osseous lesions are those of a spondylo-epiphyseal dysplasia. The diabetes mellitus is relatively mild. Histologic and electron microscopic studies of chondro-osseous tissue show findings similar to those in other epiphyseal and spondylo-epiphyseal dysplasias. In addition, however, atypical collagen-like fibres are found inside and outside chondrocytes. Collagen production seems to be normal in cultured fibroblasts. From the available data it appears that the association of characteristic chondro-osseous and endocrine abnormalities is non-random and that the lesions are independent manifestations of a pleiotropic gene. We propose to call this disorder the Wolcott-Rallison Syndrome.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe a kontinuierlichen synsedimentaren Zusammenbruch of Randbereichen einer Karbonatplattform with Fleckenriffen dar.
Abstract: Im Gosaukamm (osterreich, Nordliche Kalkalpen, Dachsteingebiet) sind zwei Fazies-Groseinheiten entwickelt. 1) Die Dachsteinkalkfazies mit norischen Dachsteinriffkalken und Massendolomiten. 2) Die Hallstatter Fazies mit norisch/rhatischen Zlambach-Schichten und hornsteinfuhrenden Potschenkalken. Der Gosaukamm stellt ein gutesBeispiel fur einen kontinuierlichen synsedimentaren Zusammenbruch von Randbereichen einer Karbonatplattform mit Fleckenriffen dar. Mikrofazielle Untersuchungen ergaben, das die Sedimentationsbedingungen uber einen langeren Zeitraum unverandert anhielten. Das Riffareal lag brandungsexponiert am Rande einer ausgedehnten, differenzierten Karbonatplattform. Eine Gliederung des Gosaukammes in Vorriff, zentrales Riff und backreef lies sich nicht durchfuhren. Bei den norischenDachsteinriffkalken des Gosaukammes handelt es sich um fossilreiche Kalke mit Gerustbildnern (Kalkschwammen, Korallen, “Bryozoen”/Tabulozoen, Hydrozoen, Chaetetiden, Kalkalgen) und Riffbewohnern (Mollusken, Brachiopoden, Echinodermen, Serpeln, Foraminiferen) und Mikroproblematika. Fauna und Flora der Dachsteinriffkalke des Gosaukammes zeigen ebenso wie Wuchsformtypen und Organismenassoziationen grose ubereinstimmungen mit den Verhaltnissen in anderen Obertriasriffen der Nordlichen Kalkalpen. Unter den meist niedrigwuchsigen Gerustbildnern uberwiegen die Kalkschwamme. Die fur Schlammfazies (in geschutzten Kleinbereichen der Plattform oder in tieferen Arealen) und fur die Biolithitfazies typischen Foraminiferen/Mikroproblematika-Vergesellschaftungen treten in kennzeichnender Weise auch in den Dachsteinriffkalken des Gosaukammes auf, Grose Bedeutung kommt den unterschiedlichen Inkrustationsabfolgen auf Gerustbildnern zu. Es konnten bis zu drei Aufwuchs-Generationen festgestellt werden, die in ihrer Abfolge jedoch keinem einheitlichen Muster entsprechen, Sehr haufig sind Spongiostromata-Krusten an der Entstehung biogener Anlagerungsgefuge beteiligt. Das gelegentliche Auftreten vonHeterastridium in den allochthonen Schuttsedimenten des Gosaukammes weist auf offen-marinen Einflus hin. Im Schliff- und Handstucksbereich lassen sich die Dachsteinriffkalke zehn MF-Typen zuordnen (Rudstones) Mikritische und sparitische Riffschuttkalke; Arenitische Schuttkalke; Onkoidisch umkrustete Schuttkalke, Echinodermen/Schalen-Biomikrite; Boundstones; “Cayeuxien”-Birdseyes-Kalke; Solenoporaceen-Dasycladaceen-Schuttkalke; Aggregatkornkalke und Lumachellenkalke). Die Vielfalt der Faziestypen weist auf einen unterschiedlich strukturierten Ablagerungsraum hin. Etwa 72% aller untersuchten MF-Typen des Gosaukammes sind Rudstones (unterschiedlicher Korngrose) und Riffschuttkalke. Es handelt sich uberwiegend um allochthone Sedimente, wobei Litho- und Bioklasten mehrfach umgelagert wurden (verstellte Geopetalgefuge). Der Ablagerungsraum der Kalke des Gosaukammes lag am Rand einer Karbonatplattform im Einflu\bereich erhohter Brandungs- und Sturmwellenenergie. Hier wurden durch Sturmwellen (unter Umstanden im Zusammenhang mit lokalen Seebeben) biogene Geruste oder grosere Plattform-Pakete abgebrochen und am Plattform-Hang nach wiederholter Aufarbeitung sedimentiert, ein betrachtlicher Teil des Erosionsschuttes durfte jedoch auch durch Flutwellen in den ruckwartigen, lagunaren Bereich der Karbonatplattform gespult worden sein. Regressive Erosion im Plattform- und Plattform-Hangbereich hat uber einen langen Zeitraum zur Anhaufung machtiger, allochthoner Schuttsedimente gefuhrt. Neben verschiedenen submarinen Zementen (Hohlraumzemente; fruhdiagenetischer Zement A; spatdiagenetischer Blockzement B; radiaxial-fibroser Zement) treten vadoser Zement und vadoser Silt (bedingt durch eustatische Meeresspiegelschwankungen oder Subsidenz) auf. Fur meteorisch beeinfluste Diagenese sprechen syntaxiale Echinodermen-Rindenzemente. Die primare Porositat der Dachsteinriffkalke ist durch hohe Inter- und Intrapartikelporositat und Fensterporositat, die sekundare Porositat durch Losungs- und Kluftporen charakterisiert. Im SW (Hammertanger, Rohrmoos, Schnecken-graben) und im NE (Krautgartenalm) grenzen unmittelbar an Dachsteinriffkalke der Donnerkogel-Gruppe des Gosaukammes mikritische Sedimente der Hallstatter Fazies: die norisch/rhatischenZlambach-Schichten (Wechsellagerungen von Mergeln und plattigen Schuttkalken mit Gerustbildner-, Mollusken- und Echinodermenschutt. Die Kalkkomponenten sind mehrfach resedimentiert. Mikrofazielle Typisierung der Zlambachkalke: 1) Korallen-Bafflestones; 2) Grobe Riffschuttkalke (Bioclastic Packstones); 3) Mittelkornige Riffschuttkalke; 4) Gradierte Riffschuttkalke; 5) Echinodermen-Biomikrite; 6) Bioturbat verwuhlte Wacke/Packstones mit Schwammspicula. Die sehr unterschiedliche Ausbildung der MF-Typen spricht fur einen bathymetrisch gegliederten Ablagerungsraum in nicht allzu groser Wassertiefe, Hinweise auf vados beeinfluste Diagenese sind vorhanden (vadoser Silt). Die geologisch-tektonische Stellung dieser Beckensedimente im Gosaukammbereich wird diskutiert. Die Position der Kesselwand-Scholle (aufgebaut aus invers liegenden Dachsteinriffkalken; allseits umrahmt von Zlambach-Schichten) wird ebenso erlautert wie die Stellung der Dachsteinriffkalke des Schneckengrabens. Der Vergleich der Mikrofaziestypen, der sessilen Faunenelemente und der biogenen Inkrustationsabfolgen der Zlambach-Schichten und der Dachsteinriffkalke des Gosaukammes weist darauf hin, das die ursprunglichen Ablagerungsraume der beiden stratigraphischen Einheiten nicht benachbart waren.
TL;DR: Biopsies of blisters freshly produced by friction after a hot bath were investigated by electron microscopy and no structural abnormality was observed, however, the cause of blister formation is still unknown.
TL;DR: The method of Ames et al.
Abstract: Extracts from plants used to be a major source of medicins. Although little information on the potential risk to health is available such extracts are still widely used in human therapy. Aristolochic acid (Fig. 1) is a natural plant product found in certain species of Aristolochiaceae. Extracts from the leaves and roots of Aristolochia clematitis L. have been recommended for the therapy of arthritis, rheumatism and festering wounds. Moreover, several species of Aristolochiaceae are active against bacteria and fungi. Further investigations [1, 2] have indicated that aristolochic acid increases phagocytosis in leukocytes of rabbits, guinea pigs and rats and influences the defence mechanism against Herpes simplex infections of rabbit eyes [3]. Toxicological studies have shown that aristolochic acid has a carcinogenic effect on rats [4]. A dose of 10 mg/kg/day over 3 months led to papillomatosis of the stomach with malign neoplasms. Within a period of 4 months after treatment multiple carcinomas were found in the stomach and in other tissues such as liver, kidney, bladder, lung and skin. In 1981 as a result of these data, the German Federal Health Office withdrew the licence of products containing aristolochic acid. We have used the method of Ames et al. [5] to determine the mutagenicity of aftstolochic acid (EGA-Chemie, D-7924 Steinheim). The experiments were performed with the Salmonella strains TA1535, TA100, TA1537, TA1538 and TA98 (about
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors showed that at low fluences, the electrical resistivity of metallic glass Pd 80 Si 20 was increased by the creation of small defects with stress fields similar to those of interstitials and vacancies in crystalline metals.
TL;DR: In this article, a non-causal recursive system is proposed for digital filters with high attenuation in the stopband, and the method is compared with non-recursive filtering.
Abstract: Digital filters having exactly linear phase are usually realized by nonrecursive systems. However, the filter degree, and thus the expense, becomes rather large in the case of steep filters with high attenuation in the stopband. This paper deals with an alternative possibility using noncausal recursive systems After known methods are generalized, suitable algorithms are proposed and systematic errors are investigated. Finally, the method is compared with nonrecursive filtering.
TL;DR: By means of GC and GCMS analysis and electrophysiological investigations (Z 3, z 6, z 9)-1,3,6,9-nonadecatetrane was identified as sex pheromone of the winter moth O. brumata, and prepared by stereoselective synthesis methods as discussed by the authors.
TL;DR: The present case dealt with a 36-year-old man who had been exposed to the grinding dust from sintered hard metal parts for more than 10 years and revealed an advanced, active pulmonary fibrosis.
Abstract: Pulmonary fibrosis in hard metal grinders has been observed to an increasing degree in recent years. Most authors attribute the cause of this disease to the influence of the cobalt contained in hard metals. The present case dealt with a 36-year-old man who had been exposed to the grinding dust from sintered hard metal parts for more than 10 years. Biopsy of the lung revealed an advanced, active pulmonary fibrosis. In the biopsy specimens cobalt was determined by flameless atomic absorption. The cobalt content in the biological specimens of the patient (urine: 7.5 μg/l; lung: 1010 μg/kg wet weight) was significantly increased compared with the values measured in normal controls.
TL;DR: In this paper, the results of ab initio SCF LCAO crystal orbital calculations are presented for pure and doped polyacetylenes, polydiacetylene backbones, stacked TCNQ and TTF columns and for linear chains of (SNI)X.
Abstract: Results of ab initio SCF LCAO crystal orbital calculations are presented for pure and doped polyacetylenes, polydiacetylene backbones, stacked TCNQ and TTF columns and for linear chains of (SNI)X. ...
TL;DR: In this paper, it is shown that dilute polymer solutions may exhibit strong viscoelastic flow effects when exposed to elongational flow fields with elongation rates that exceed certain "Onset" conditions.
Abstract: It is well known that dilute polymer solutions may exhibit strong viscoelastic flow effects when exposed to elongational flow fields with elongation rates that exceed certain “Onset”-conditions. Such flow fields occur in the converging-diverging flow passages of a porous matrix but also in regularly packed beds of spheres.