University of Erlangen-Nuremberg

About: University of Erlangen-Nuremberg is a education organization based out in Erlangen, Bayern, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Immune system. The organization has 42405 authors who have published 85600 publications receiving 2663922 citations.

Up-regulation of hypoxia-inducible factors HIF-1alpha and HIF-2alpha under normoxic conditions in renal carcinoma cells by von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor gene loss of function.

Abstract: Up-regulation of hypoxia-inducible factors HIF-1α and HIF-2α under normoxic conditions in renal carcinoma cells by von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor gene loss of function

Nature and dynamics of the spin-state interconversion in metal complexes

Abstract: Spin-state transitions in metal complexes which are driven by a change of temperature T or pressure p are always associated with a considerable reorganization of molecular geometry. The change involves metal-ligand bond lengths R, bond angles, and a variation of ligand orientation. In particular, the elongation 4R by up to ∼ 10% occurring in the course of the LS → HS conversion produces an expansion of molecular volume ΔV ≌ 25 A3 per metal atom. The average crystal structure for given values of T and p is reproduced by the fractional occupancy of the individual structures of the high-spin (HS) and low-spin (LS) isomer. The transitions are reasonably well described by a number of theoretical models which are equivalent to the Bragg and Williams approximation of the Ising model. The dynamics of the spin-state transitions in solution, based on measurements by ultrasonic and photo-perturbation techniques, is in general rapid with rate constants between 4 × 105 and 3 × 108 s−1. Similar results are obtained for the spin conversion in solid complexes where the line shape analysis of Mossbauer spectra based on the theory of Blume and Tjon is applied. The dynamics may be rationalized employing one-dimensional cross sections through Gibbs free-energy surfaces G = G(R), an alternative being the comparison of the results with quantum-mechanical calculations for a radiationless non-adiabatic multiphonon process.

A generator for unique quantum random numbers based on vacuum states

Abstract: Researchers demonstrate random-number generation by exploiting the intrinsic randomness of vacuum states. The approach may lead to reliable and high-speed quantum random-number generators for applications ranging from gambling to cryptography.

Defective suppressor function of human CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells in autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type II.

Abstract: In autoimmune polyglandular syndromes (APS), several organ-specific autoimmune diseases are clustered. Although APS type I is caused by loss of central tolerance, the etiology of APS type II (APS-II) is currently unknown. However, in several murine models, depletion of CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) causes a syndrome resembling human APS-II with multiple endocrinopathies. Therefore, we hypothesized that loss of active suppression in the periphery could be a hallmark of this syndrome. Tregs from peripheral blood of APS-II, control patients with single autoimmune endocrinopathies, and normal healthy donors showed no differences in quantity (except for patients with isolated autoimmune diseases), in functionally important surface markers, or in apoptosis induced by growth factor withdrawal. Strikingly, APS-II Tregs were defective in their suppressive capacity. The defect was persistent and not due to responder cell resistance. These data provide novel insights into the pathogenesis of APS-II and possibly human autoimmunity in general.