University of Erlangen-Nuremberg

About: University of Erlangen-Nuremberg is a education organization based out in Erlangen, Bayern, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Immune system. The organization has 42405 authors who have published 85600 publications receiving 2663922 citations.

Guidelines of the Pituitary Society for the diagnosis and management of prolactinomas

Abstract: In June 2005, an ad hoc Expert Committee formed by the Pituitary Society convened during the 9th International Pituitary Congress in San Diego, California. Members of this committee consisted of invited international experts in the field, and included endocrinologists and neurosurgeons with recognized expertise in the management of prolactinomas. Discussions were held that included all interested participants to the Congress and resulted in formulation of these guidelines, which represent the current recommendations on the diagnosis and management of prolactinomas based upon comprehensive analysis and synthesis of all available data.

Interlayer Interaction and Electronic Screening in Multilayer Graphene Investigated with Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy

Abstract: The unusual transport properties of graphene are the direct consequence of a peculiar bandstructure near the Dirac point. We determine the shape of the {pi} bands and their characteristic splitting, and find the transition from two-dimensional to bulk character for 1 to 4 layers of graphene by angle-resolved photoemission. By detailed measurements of the {pi} bands we derive the stacking order, layer-dependent electron potential, screening length and strength of interlayer interaction by comparison with tight binding calculations, yielding a comprehensive description of multilayer graphene's electronic structure.

Infections in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with biologic agents.

Abstract: Objective To estimate the incidence rates of serious and nonserious infections in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who start treatment with a biologic agent, and to compare these rates with those in patients with RA who receive conventional treatment Methods Patients enrolled in the German biologics register between May 2001 and September 2003 were included Treating rheumatologists assessed adverse events and serious adverse events All adverse events and serious adverse events experienced within 12 months after study entry were analyzed Propensity score methods were applied to estimate which part of a rate increase was likely to be attributable to differences in patient characteristics Results Data were available for 512 patients receiving etanercept, 346 patients receiving infliximab, 70 patients receiving anakinra, and 601 control patients treated with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs The total number of adverse events per 100 patient-years was 226 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 187–272) among patients receiving etanercept, 283 (95% CI 231–347) among patients receiving infliximab, and 68 (95% CI 50–94) among controls (P < 00001) Significant differences in the rate of serious adverse events were also observed For patients receiving etanercept, those receiving infliximab, and controls, the total numbers of serious adverse events per 100 patient-years were 64 (95% CI 45–91), 62 (95% CI 40–95), and 23 (95% CI 13–39), respectively (P = 00016) After adjusting for differences in the case patient mix, the relative risks of serious adverse events were 22 (95% CI 09–54) for patients receiving etanercept and 21 (95% CI 08–55) for patients receiving infliximab, compared with controls Conclusion Patients treated with biologic agents have a higher a priori risk of infection However, our data suggest that this risk is increased by treatment with tumor necrosis factor inhibitors