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Institution

University of Exeter

EducationExeter, United Kingdom
About: University of Exeter is a education organization based out in Exeter, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Climate change. The organization has 15820 authors who have published 50650 publications receiving 1793046 citations. The organization is also known as: Exeter University & University of the South West of England.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is concluded that both science and management are currently failing to address the management of extractive activities and ecological processes that drive ecosystems (e.g. productivity and herbivory).
Abstract: The decline of many coral reef ecosystems in recent decades surprised experienced managers and researchers. It shattered old paradigms that these diverse ecosystems are spatially uniform and temporally stable on the scale of millennia. We now see reefs as heterogeneous, fragile, globally stressed ecosystems structured by strong positive or negative feedback processes. We review the causes and consequences of reef decline and ask whether management practices are addressing the problem at appropriate scales. We conclude that both science and management are currently failing to address the comanagement of extractive activities and ecological processes that drive ecosystems (e.g. productivity and herbivory). Most reef conservation efforts are directed toward reserve implementation, but new approaches are needed to sustain ecosystem function in exploited areas.

558 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An analysis of positive and negative evidence and arguments suggests that differences in early experiences, preferences, opportunities, habits, training, and practice are the real determinants of excellence.
Abstract: Talents that selectively facilitate the acquisition of high levels of skill are said to be present in some children but not others. The evidence for this includes biological correlates of specific abilities, certain rare abilities in autistic savants, and the seemingly spontaneous emergence of exceptional abilities in young children, but there is also contrary evidence indicating an absence of early precursors of high skill levels. An analysis of positive and negative evidence and arguments suggests that differences in early experiences, preferences, opportunities, habits, training, and practice are the real determinants of excellence.

558 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The regional distribution of confirmed MODY cases in the UK is compared and the minimum prevalence is estimated to be 108 cases per million, assuming >80% of MODY is not diagnosed by molecular testing.
Abstract: Aims/hypothesis Maturity-onset diabetes of the young is frequently misdiagnosed as type 1 or type 2 diabetes. A correct diagnosis of MODY is important for determining treatment, but can only be confirmed by molecular genetic testing. We aimed to compare the regional distribution of confirmed MODY cases in the UK and to estimate the minimum prevalence. Methods UK referrals for genetic testing in 2,072 probands and 1,280 relatives between 1996 and 2009 were examined by region, country and test result. Referral rate and prevalence were calculated using UK Census 2001 figures. Results MODY was confirmed in 1,177 (35%) patients, with HNF1A (52%) and GCK mutations (32%) being most frequent in probands confirmed with MODY. There was considerable regional variation in proband referral rates (from 50 per million for South West England and Scotland) and patients diagnosed with MODY (5.3 per million in Northern Ireland, 48.9 per million in South West England). Referral rates and confirmed cases were highly correlated (r=0.96, p 80% of MODY is not diagnosed by molecular testing. The marked regional variation in the prevalence of confirmed MODY directly results from differences in referral rates. This could reflect variation in awareness of MODY or unequal access to genetic testing. Increased referral for diagnostic testing is required if the majority of MODY patients are to have the genetic diagnosis necessary for optimal treatment.

554 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is shown that CSR decreases systematic risk and increases firm value and these effects are stronger for firms producing differentiated goods and when consumers' expenditure share on CSR goods is small.
Abstract: This paper presents an industry equilibrium model where firms have a choice to engage in corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities. We model CSR activities as a product differentiation strategy allowing firms to benefit from higher profit margins. The model predicts that CSR decreases systematic risk and increases firm value and that these effects are stronger for firms operating in differentiated goods industries and when consumers' expenditure share on CSR goods is small. We find supporting evidence for our predictions. We address a potential endogeneity problem by instrumenting CSR using data on the political affiliation of the firm's home state.

553 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The reduced O(2) cost of exercise following dietary NO(3)(-) supplementation appears to be due to a reduced ATP cost of muscle force production.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to elucidate the mechanistic bases for the reported reduction in the O2 cost of exercise following short-term dietary nitrate (NO3−) supplementation. In a randomized, ...

552 citations


Authors

Showing all 16338 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Frank B. Hu2501675253464
John C. Morris1831441168413
David W. Johnson1602714140778
Kevin J. Gaston15075085635
Andrew T. Hattersley146768106949
Timothy M. Frayling133500100344
Joel N. Hirschhorn133431101061
Jonathan D. G. Jones12941780908
Graeme I. Bell12753161011
Mark D. Griffiths124123861335
Tao Zhang123277283866
Brinick Simmons12269169350
Edzard Ernst120132655266
Michael Stumvoll11965569891
Peter McGuffin11762462968
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023295
2022782
20214,412
20204,192
20193,721
20183,385