Showing papers by "University of Fallujah published in 2016"

Molecular and Phylogenetic Analysis of Bovine Papillomavirus Type 1: First Report in Iraqi Cattle

Abstract: This study aimed to provide the first molecular characterization of bovine papillomavirus type 1 (BPV-1) in Iraq. BPV is a widely spread oncogenic virus in Iraqi cattle and is associated with the formation of both benign and malignant lesions, resulting in notable economic losses in dairy and beef cattle. In the current study, 140 cutaneous papilloma specimens were collected from cattle in central Iraq. These samples were submitted to histopathological examination, PCR, and sequencing analysis. The histopathology revealed that the main lesion type among the specimens was fibropapilloma. BPV-1 DNA was detected in 121 of the samples (86.42%) in Iraqi cattle as the main causative agent for the disease. A partial sequence for the E2, L2 genes, and complete sequence for the E5 gene were deposited in GenBank. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the presence of BPV-1 and showed that the origin of infection may be imported European cattle. Obtaining a complete E5 gene sequence enabled us to perform structural predictions. This study presents the first report of BPV-1 infection in the Iraqi cattle and contributes to extending the knowledge of the origin of the spread of this disease. The results of this study will aid in the development of appropriate control measures and therapeutic strategies.

New dinuclear palladium(II) complexes with formamidine and bridged pyrophosphate ligands

Abstract: A series of new dinuclear palladium(II) complexes of the type [(PdL1–3)2(μPPi)]·xH2O (1–3), where L = formamidine ligands and PPi = inorganic pyrophosphate, were synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, magnetic susceptibility, UV-Vis spectroscopy, infrared (IR) spectroscopy, and mass spectroscopy, thermal analysis, and theoretical calculations. IR spectra confirmed that the formamidine ligands act as bidentate N2 ligands. The complexes are diamagnetic and analysis of the optimized structures indicated that the geometry is a distorted square planar with O–Pd–O and N–Pd–N bond angles ranging from 90.85° to 94.22° and from 87.66° to 91.43°, respectively, which are acceptable for heteroleptic complexes. The electronic energies (a.u.) of the complexes (−1246 to −1916) indicated that the complexes were stable. The energies of the HOMOs (−0.204 to −0.283) and LUMOs (−0.057 to −0.097) orbitals of the complexes were negative, which also indicated that the complexes were stable. The dipole moment of the complexes (4.14–14.08 Debye) indicated that the complexes were polarized. They were also thermally stable, as shown from their relatively higher overall activation energies (537–1002 kJ mol−1). The complexes were screened against PC-3 (prostate carcinoma cell line), HCT-116 (colon carcinoma cell line), and MCF-7 (breast carcinoma cell line). The IC50 values of the complexes were evaluated and the results showed that [(PdL1)2(μPPi)]·H2O (1) had the best IC50 value.