Showing papers by "University of Florida published in 1969"
TL;DR: Based upon physical-chemical and antigenic characteristics, the 16.7S immunoglobulin most closely resembles IgM of mammals, and it is proposed that this molecule be designated as IgY.
Abstract: Chicken 7.1S immunoglobulin was purified from whole chicken serum by DEAE-cellulose chromatography and Sephadex G-200 gel filtration. The macroglobulin was purified by a combination of salt precipitation and Sephadex G-200 gel filtration. Both immunoglobulin molecules yielded 75% heavy (H) chains and 25% light (L) chains when subjected to extensive reduction and alkylation followed by gel filtration in 5 M guanidine-HCl. Antigenically reactive H and L chains were obtained by partial reduction and alkylation followed by gel filtration in 5 M guanidine-HCl. The 7.1S and 16.7S immunoglobulin H chains were antigenically unrelated to each other, whereas the L chains were antigenically indistinguishable from one another. The 16.7S H chains were found to have a mass of ∼70,000, and the 7.1S H chains had a mass of 67,500. The mass of the L chains was ∼22,000. Sedimentation equilibrium studies of the 7.1S immunoglobulin molecule gave a mol wt of ∼170,000 which is in good agreement with the 179,000 predicted on the basis of 2 H and 2 L polypeptide chains. The 16.7S molecule was shown to have a mol wt of ∼890,000. A reductive subunit that has a mol wt of ∼174,000 has been isolated from the 16.7S molecule. These values are consistent with the chicken macroglobulin having five subunits, each of which has 2 H and 2 L chains. The hexose contents of the chicken 7.1S and 16.7S immunoglobulins are 2.2% and 2.6%, respectively. The extinction coefficients of the 7.1S and 16.7S immunoglobulins were 13.18 ± 0.04 and 12.72 ± 0.77, respectively, when measured in 0.3 M KCl. Based upon physical-chemical and antigenic characteristics, the 16.7S immunoglobulin most closely resembles IgM of mammals. The 7.1S immunoglobulin definitely belongs to a different class than the 16,7S immunoglobulin, but it does not align itself very well with any of the mammalian immunoglobulins. We propose that this molecule be designated as IgY. Furthermore, this designation would be useful for the immunoglobulins of other species for which there is insufficient correlation with any of the known human immunoglobulins.
351 citations
TL;DR: A rapid method for examining rat fetuses is presented, which consists of fixing the fetuses in Bouin's solution, serially sectioning the head, neck and lower trunk with a razor blade and doing sagittal sections of the heart after opening the thoracic cavity.
Abstract: A rapid method for examining rat fetuses is presented. The technique consists of fixing the fetuses in Bouin's solution, serially sectioning the head, neck and lower trunk with a razor blade and doing sagittal sections of the heart after opening the thoracic cavity. Examples of sections from normal 20 day rat fetuses are given as well as some with the following abnormalities: cleft palate produced by chlorcyclizine and eye and heart malformations resulting from anti-adult rat kidney serum.
334 citations
TL;DR: Snowy tree crickets synchronize their chirps by responding to the preceding chirp of their neighbors, which may advance their phase of chirping 160� and retard it 200�.
Abstract: Snowy tree crickets synchronize their chirps by responding to the preceding chirp of their neighbors. If a neighbor9s chirp precedes his own, a cricket shortens his chirp and the following interval. If it follows his own, he lengthens his chirp interval and sometimes the following chirp. A single response of the first type may advance his phase of chirping 160° and one of the second type may retard it 200°.
310 citations
301 citations
TL;DR: Nectar-, fruit- and meat-eating bats are effective thermoregulators, vampires are marginal regulators and insectivorous species readily enter torpor.
252 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Rod outer segment renewal rate was studied by autoradiographic technique in both the Wistar rat (control) and the Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) dystrophic rat, and argument that the primary retinal defect is at the level of the pigment epithelium is presented.
Abstract: Rod outer segment renewal rate was studied by autoradiographic technique in both the Wistar rat (control) and the Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) dystrophic rat. The dystrophic rat showed normal renewal rate until age 18 days, whereupon further outer segment disc movement slowed and a previously established retrograde degeneration of outer segments progressed. The dystrophic rat differed from the normal in that it showed no evidence of phagocytosis of rod outer segment material by its pigment epithelium. Argument that the primary retinal defect is at the level of the pigment epithelium is presented.
250 citations
TL;DR: The strong correlation between the empiric observation of abnormal hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation and the presence of myocardial ischemia and necrosis with normal coronary arteriograms suggests that there may be a relation.
Abstract: A double-blind study was carried out on 15 premenopausal women under 40 years of age who showed objective evidence of myocardial ischemia or necrosis as demonstrated by electrocardiogram or enzyme studies, or both. In each, selective coronary arteriography was normal. Three women later died with single or multiple subendocardial infarcts. None had disease of the large or small coronary arteries. None had a predisposing cause of premature coronary artery disease, except that 8 smoked cigarettes and 4 were obese. Abnormal hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation was found in 14 of the 15 women with myocardial ischemia or necrosis. Among 3 who discontinued cigarette smoking, the anomalous dissociation returned to normal within one month of cessation of cigarettes. In the other 5 it remained anomalous. Fifteen age-matched control women were also studied by double-blind technic. Abnormal dissociation was found in the 1 control subject who smoked (more than 12 cigarettes daily for more than 15 years). Selective coronary arteriograms were not performed among women in the control group. The strong correlation between the empiric observation of abnormal hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation and the presence of myocardial ischemia and necrosis with normal coronary arteriograms suggests that there may be a relation. This may be true in view of the high oxygen demands of the myocardium (especially the subendocardium). It is possible that inefficient or slow release of oxygen by hemoglobin could contribute to myocardial ischemia or necrosis. Alternatively, the hemoglobin-oxygen affinity changes may be secondary “stress phenomena.” Electrocardiographic abnormalities occurring at rest during forced hyperventilation appear to aid in predicting the laboratory abnormality. Propranolol is often effective in treating this condition.
172 citations
162 citations
TL;DR: Electrographic and behavioral observations on five rodent species under controlled conditions showed well defined stages of slow wave sleep and paradoxical sleep in all animals, and hibernators also seemed to sleep more deeply than non-hibernators.
161 citations
TL;DR: This study investigated the effects of physiological aging upon otherwise normal healthy male voices and provided data for 175 adult males equally divided into seven age categories (decades) from ...
Abstract: This study investigated the effects of physiological aging upon otherwise normal healthy male voices. Data are provided for 175 adult males equally divided into seven age categories (decades) from ...
148 citations
TL;DR: The interaction of man's indigenous microflora and exogenously acquired pathogens has been the subject of sporadic investigation and continuous speculation for more than 5 decades but only recently has it been demonstrated conclusively that antagonistic interactions may enhance man's capacity to resist infection.
Abstract: The interaction of man's indigenous microflora and exogenously acquired pathogens has been the subject of sporadic investigation and continuous speculation for more than 5 decades. However, only recently has it been demonstrated conclusively that antagonistic interactions may enhance man's capacity to resist infection. The exploitation of this phenomenon, labeled bacterial interference, in control of staphylococcal disease among newborn infants [1] has stimulated renewed interest in the potentially beneficial activities of man's normal microbial flora. The
TL;DR: In the presence of immune serum, malaria parasites inside red blood cells grow and differentiate, but re-invasion of erythrocytes is prevented and the succeeding cycle of parasite development is completely inhibited.
Abstract: In the presence of immune serum, malaria parasites inside red blood cells grow and differentiate, but re-invasion of erythrocytes is prevented and the succeeding cycle of parasite development is completely inhibited.
TL;DR: Midline malignant reticulosis may have a better prognosis than malignant lymphoma of the nasal cavity when treated with tumoricidal doses of irradiation and Wegener's granulomatosis may respond to immunosuppresive drugs.
Abstract: “Lethal midline granuloma” should be only a clinical term for rapidly evolving destructive lesions of the nose and the deep facial tissues. Such clinical presentation—after specific infections and carcinomas have been excluded—may occur in 3 different clinicopathologic entities: midline malignant reticulosis (polymorphic reticulosis), Wegener's granulomatosis, and malignant lymphoma of one of the accepted histologic types. One representative case of each of these is reported here, histologic criteria for differential diagnosis are outlined, and the literature is reviewed. Midline malignant reticulosis is defined as a lymphoproliferative disorder involving initially the nasal and the paranasal soft and bony parts and capable of later dissemination. Treatment should be based on the pathologic diagnosis made on viable biopsy tissue. Midline malignant reticulosis may have a better prognosis than malignant lymphoma of the nasal cavity when treated with tumoricidal doses of irradiation. On the other hand, Wegener's granulomatosis may respond to immunosuppresive drugs.
TL;DR: While the relatively small doses of radiation reaching the contralateral lung are usually innocuous, certain patients are hyperreactive and respond with a severe diffuse radiation pneumonitis.
Abstract: Acute radiation pneumonitis lacks any single pathognomonic morphologic feature, but is a diagnosis made from a combination of alveolar septal thickening, proliferation and desquamation of atypical septal cells, hyaline membrane formation, and pulmonary vascular changes. The pathogenesis of radiation pneumonitis is poorly understood. Total radiation dosage, total volume irradiated, and duration of therapy are significant factors but cannot explain all cases. Seven autopsied cases of bilateral radiation pneumonitis following megavoltage therapy for lung carcinoma are reported and analyzed. The use of extensive fields, or of rotational technique, necessitated irradiation of a large volume of lung tissue. The inaccuracy of calculated dosimetry, coupled with possible errors in port placement can result in much higher bilateral radiation doses than anticipated. Infection, by increasing absorption of radiation, probably causes an increased susceptibility to radiation pneumonitis. While the relatively small doses of radiation reaching the contralateral lung are usually innocuous, certain patients are hyperreactive and respond with a severe diffuse radiation pneumonitis.
TL;DR: Except for some effects which were probably due to emotionality, the spontaneous behavior of rats with olfactory lesions was well within a normal range, and distinctly different from that of septally lesioned rats.
TL;DR: In this article, the blockade of Membrane Calcium Fluxes by Lanthanum in Relation to Vascular Smooth Muscle Contractility is discussed, and a detailed discussion of the relationship between smooth muscle contractility and membrane calcium fluxes is presented.
Abstract: (1969). Blockade of Membrane Calcium Fluxes by Lanthanum in Relation to Vascular Smooth Muscle Contractility. Archives Internationales de Physiologie et de Biochimie: Vol. 77, No. 4, pp. 710-716.
TL;DR: In this paper, a theoretical solution was developed to enable the determination of the coefficient of consolidation, the compression index, and the preconsolidation pressure from this testing procedure, within established limits.
Abstract: Consolidation tests on three materials were conducted by inducing six different constant rates of strain on the samples. The total load on the sample, the pore pressure at the base and the deformation were measured. A theoretical solution was developed to enable the determination of the coefficient of consolidation, the compression index, and the preconsolidation pressure from this testing procedure. Within established limits, it is shown that the consolidation parameters determined by this method agree with parameters determined by the conventional testing method. The advantages of the proposed procedure are that a much shorter time is required to determine the consolidation parameters and that this procedure can be used to study the strain rate sensitivity of cohesive soils to consolidation loads.
TL;DR: Prior copulatory experience produced small, but generally reliable, decreases in mount, intromission, and ejaculation latencies and the prediction of differential effects of experience on measures controlled by Beach's hypothetical Arousal Mechanism and Copulatory Mechanism was not borne out.
31 Dec 1969
TL;DR: Allelopathy refers to the beneficial or harmful effects of one plant on another plant, both crop and weed species, from the release of biochemicals known as allelochemicals, from plant parts by leaching, root exudation, volatilization, residue decomposition, and other processes in both natural and agricultural systems as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Allelopathy refers to the beneficial or harmful effects of one plant on another plant, both crop and weed species, from the release of biochemicals, known as allelochemicals, from plant parts by leaching, root exudation, volatilization, residue decomposition, and other processes in both natural and agricultural systems. This 5-page fact sheet introduces the concept of allelopathy and mentions potential applications as an alternative weed management strategy. Written by James J. Ferguson, Bala Rathinasabapathi, and Carlene A. Chase, and published by the UF Department of Horticultural Sciences, March 2013.
http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hs186
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The effect of metyrapone on the formation of phenolic metabolites from acetanilide follows a biphasic relationship: inhibition occurs only at very high concentrations, and the reaction is greatly enhanced at lower concentrations with both control and phenobarbital-induced preparations.
Abstract: Metyrapone [2-methyl-1,2-bis(3-pyridyl)-1-propanone], an inhibitor of adrenal steroid hydroxylation, has been shown to affect a number of liver microsomal drug-oxidizing enzyme systems. The metabolism of hexobarbital and that of aminopyrine are inhibited in vitro by this drug in microsomal preparations from control and phenobarbital-treated rats. Hexobarbital sleeping time is prolonged by metyrapone in both groups of rats. Demethylation of morphine and hydroxylation of tyramine are inhibited to a lesser extent, and NADPH oxidase is little affected. In contrast, the effect of metyrapone on the formation of phenolic metabolites from acetanilide follows a biphasic relationship with respect to metyrapone concentration: inhibition occurs only at very high concentrations, and the reaction is greatly enhanced at lower concentrations with both control and phenobarbital-induced preparations. Trichloroethylene oxidation is also enhanced by metyrapone in both preparations, but the enhancement in phenobarbital-induced preparations is superimposed on an inhibitory effect. Studies with the latter pathway show that both effects are independent of the NADPH-generating system, and are exerted in a reversible manner.
TL;DR: The parameters which are considered in the different analytic models provide the system designer with a number of degrees of freedom with which to synthesize a t]me-shared processing system and point out needed research directions.
Abstract: Queueing models of t~me-sharing algortthms have been appearing in the literature with increasing frequency. This survey dehneates the parameters which dmtinguish the different analytic models and presents the research results of most of the papers to date. The techniques used m analyzing various round-robin models and multiple-level queue models both with and without priomhes are emphasized. The results indicated provide the system designer with a number of degrees of freedom with which to synthesize a t]me-shared processing system and point out needed research directions. An annotated bibliography is provided.
TL;DR: Diploid plasmodia of the myxomycete Physarum avicomum Berk reveal dissimilar spinidle apparatus during mitosis in the two cell types.
Abstract: diploid plasmodia of the myxomycete Physarum avicomum Berk. reveal dissimilar spinidle apparatus during mitosis in the two cell types. Myxainoebae exhibit an astral type of mitosis with centrioles at the poles and nuclear envelope breakdown during prophase. Plasmodial nuclei lack centrioles at mitosis and have an intranuclear spindle, with nuclear envelope persisting during
01 Jun 1969
TL;DR: The equivalent noise circuit of a linear two-port can often be put in a more convenient form than the one given in the report by the IRE Subcommittee 7.9 on Noise issued in 1960 as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The equivalent noise circuit of a linear two-port can often be put in a more convenient form than the one given in the report by the IRE Subcommittee 7.9 on Noise issued in 1960.
TL;DR: This paper introduces a new combinat ion of specific reactions for staining peptide maps on W h a t m a n No. 3MM paper 2, and to a limited extent, on thin-layer plates.
TL;DR: The possibility that orientation is based, in part, on the detection of some chemical substance originating at Ascension Island, and the potential advantage of having the hatchlings imprinted by the taste or odor of the waters near their birthplace is considered.