Showing papers by "University of Georgia published in 1977"
TL;DR: In this article, a history of geodynamic evolution of the Mediterranean leading to the salinity crisis is outlined, based on the 'desiccated deep-basin model' and an accurate portrayal of the crisis is presented.
Abstract: A history of geodynamic evolution of the Mediterranean leading to the salinity crisis is outlined, based on the ‘desiccated deep-basin model’. An accurate portrayal of the crisis is presented, based on data from new drilling and studies of on-land geology.
1,026 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an effective local interaction for inelastic scattering is derived by fitting the matrix elements of a sum of Yukawas and, for the tensor force, other closely related forms, to three selected sets of G-matrix elements.
790 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, several indices of item homogeneity derived from the model of common factor analysis are offered as alternatives to the coefficient alpha as a measure of internal consistency and homogeneity.
Abstract: Confusion in the literature between the concepts of internal consistency and homogeneity has led to a misuse of coefficient alpha as an index of item homogeneity. Coefficient alpha is actually a complexly determined test statistic, item homogeneity only being one influence on its magnitude. The related statistic, the average intercorrelation, has similar difficulties. Several indices of item homogeneity derived from the model of common factor analysis are offered as alternatives.
484 citations
TL;DR: The polypeptides synthesized in E. coli minicells from recombinant plasmids containing DNA fragments from cauliflower mosaic virus, Drosophila melanogaster, and mouse mitochondria were examined and it is probable that the Eco RI site in pSC101 lies within the structural gene for apolypeptide involved in tetracycline resistance, and insertion of DNA into this site may also result in the synthesis of a truncated or elongated polype
331 citations
327 citations
TL;DR: Science and technology during the past half century have been so preoccupied with reductionism that supraindividual systems have suffered benign neglect and, as a result, today the authors have only half a science of man.
249 citations
TL;DR: A microtechnique based on the most-probable-number (MPN) method has been developed for the enumeration of the ammonium-oxidizing population in soil samples with increased accuracy in endpoint determinations being a possible cause.
Abstract: A microtechnique based on the most-probable-number (MPN) method has been developed for the enumeration of the ammonium-oxidizing population in soil samples. An MPN table for a research design ([8 by 12] i.e., 12 dilutions, 8 replicates per dilution) is presented. A correlation of 0.68 was found between MPNs determined by the microtechnique and the standard tube technique. Higher MPNs were obtained with the microtechnique with increased accuracy in endpoint determinations being a possible cause. Considerable savings of time, space, equipment, and reagents are observed using this method. The microtechnique described may be adapted to other microbial populations using various types of media and endpoint determinations.
249 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a parent-child pairs were assigned to either a treatment or a waiting list control group and parent training was conducted in a controlled learning environment, where the results indicated that both parents and children in the treatment group demonstrated multiple behavior changes in the clinic and home, whereas the control group did not change over the waiting period.
Abstract: The purpose of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of a parent training program designed to alter interactions of parents and their noncompliant children Mother-child pairs were assigned to either a treatment or a waiting list control group Parent training was conducted in a controlled learning environment The following pre- and posttreatment measures were collected: clinic observational data, home observational data, and parent verbal report measures The results indicated that both parents and children in the treatment group demonstrated multiple behavior changes in the clinic and home, whereas the control group did not change over the waiting period Both treatment and control group mothers demonstrated positive changes on most of the parent verbal report measures
248 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, it was hypothesized that thought would result in greater attitude polarization than distraction and that this effect would be more pronounced with better developed schemas (naive theories) for thinking about the attitude object.
230 citations
Journal Article•
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211 citations
TL;DR: The possibility that the so-called physical attractiveness stereotype may contain a kernel of truth was investigated in a study where college students interacted with opposite sex partners whom they could not see as discussed by the authors.
TL;DR: In this article, a method for the analysis of soil extracts and plant tissue ash solutions is described using a direct reading plasma emission spectrometer. But the instrument is programed for 16 elements and is capable of determining the elemental content in prepared solutions at a very rapid rate and at sensitivity levels equal to or better than that obtained using the atomic absorption technique.
Abstract: A method for the analysis of soil extracts and plant tissue ash solutions is described using a direct reading plasma emission spectrometer. The instrument is programed for 16 elements and is capable of determining the elemental content in prepared solutions at a very rapid rate and at sensitivity levels equal to or better than that obtained using the atomic absorption technique.
TL;DR: The validation problems inherent in small-sample discriminant analysis are examined and two recently developed alternatives to the more traditional methods are explained and illustrated in the context of a salesman-selection problem.
Abstract: The validation problems inherent in small-sample discriminant analysis are examined. Two recently developed alternatives to the more traditional methods are explained and illustrated in the context...
TL;DR: An analysis of aiding behavior in a group of 49 pigtail macaques demonstrated that these animals were very selective in the performance of these aids, and chose to aid relatives of a closer degree of relatedness more often than relatives more distantly related.
Abstract: 1.
An analysis of aiding behavior in a group of 49 pigtail macaques (Macaca nemestrina) demonstrated that these animals were very selective in the performance of these aids.
2.
Not only did these monkeys discriminate between relatives and nonrelatives, but they also chose to aid relatives of a closer degree of relatedness more often than relatives more distantly related.
3.
Kinship, however, was not the only factor that affected the performance and receipt of aids, for age and sex were also relevant. Although females were more active than males in performing acts of aid, neither sex received significantly more aids. While older animals performed more aids than younger animals, younger animals received significantly more aids than did older animals.
TL;DR: In this article, a review of procedures used to assess and implement generality of treatment when parents are trained as behavior therapists is presented, including temporal, setting, behavioral, and sibling generality.
TL;DR: Post-copulatory PG biosynthesis in the female reproductive tract might be partially responsible for triggering oviposition in A. domesticus .
TL;DR: Two kitteens with progressive neurologic disease had increased concentrations of GM2 ganglioside in their cerebral cortex, and Beta-D-N-acetyl-hexosaminidase activity was reduced, suggesting an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance of the enzyme defect.
Abstract: Two kitteens with progressive neurologic disease had increased concentrations of GM2 ganglioside in their cerebral cortex. Examination under the light microscope revealed cytoplasmic vacuolation of neurons and hepatocytes. Transmission and scanning electron microscopy demosntrated cytoplasmic inclusions encompassed by membranes in various central nervous system cell types and in hepatocytes. Beta-D-N-acetyl-hexosaminidase activity was reduced to about 1.0 percent of normal in brain, liver, and cultured skin fibroblasts of the diseased kittens; both major electrophoretic forms, A and B, of the enzyme were deficient. In fibroblasts from the parents of the diseased kittens, this enzyme activity was intermediate between that of affected and normal cats, suggesting an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance of the enzyme defect. Histopahtological and ultrastructural lesions, glycolipid storage, enzyme defect, and pattern of inheritance are similar to those of human GM2 gangliosidosis type 2.
TL;DR: In this article, a variety of well-known facility location and location-allocation models are shown to be equivalent to, and therefore solvable as, generalized assignment problems GAP's, a 0-1 programming model in which it is desired to minimize the cost of assigning n tasks to a subset of m agents.
Abstract: A variety of well-known facility location and location-allocation models are shown to be equivalent to, and therefore solvable as, generalized assignment problems GAP's. The GAP is a 0-1 programming model in which it is desired to minimize the cost of assigning n tasks to a subset of m agents. Each task must be assigned to one agent, but each agent is limited only by the amount of a resource, e.g., time, available to him and the fact that the amount of resource required by a task depends on both the task and the agent performing it. The facility location models considered are divided into public and private sector models. In the public sector, both p-median and capacity constrained p-median problems are treated In the p-median problem exactly p of n sites must be selected to provide service to all n. Each site has an associated weight, e.g., its population, and it is desired to minimize the weighted average distance between the n sites and their respective service sites. The capacity constrained p-median problem differs only in that there is an upper limit on the sum of the weights of the sites served by each service site. In the private sector we consider both capacitated and uncapacitated warehouse location problems in which each customer's demands must be satisfied by a single warehouse. In addition, we show how certain types of constraints limiting the site and capacity combinations allowed can be incorporated into these models through their treatment as GAP's. An existing algorithm for the GAP is modified to take advantage of the special structure of these facility location problems, and computational results are reported.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the exchanges of carbon in its various forms between a salt marsh and the coastal waters, and found that the marsh removed fine particulate carbon from the tidal water throughout the year; it tended to be a small source of C as total CO/sub 2/ and dissolved organic carbon during summer, and a sink for both forms in winter.
Abstract: Flax Pond, a tidal marsh on the north shore of Long Island, New York, was used to examine the exchanges of carbon in its various forms between a salt marsh and the coastal waters. The marsh removed fine particulate carbon from the tidal water throughout the year; it tended to be a small source of C as total CO/sub 2/ and dissolved organic carbon during summer, and a sink for both forms in winter. The net flux of total carbon over a year, measured as total CO/sub 2/ and as particulate and dissolved organic C, was a small input into the marsh, estimated as about 51 g C m/sup -2/. The data were consistent with others showing the marsh to be a net consumer of chlorophyll throughout the year and a strongly heterotrophic system in summer and do not support the conventional view of marshes as net sources of fixed carbon to coastal waters.
TL;DR: It is now possible to divide particulate primary production into algal and heterotrophic components without physical separation thanks to the introduction of isotope in the form of labelled dissolved product(s) of primary production and the employment of a data analysis specifically designed for tracer kinetic incorporation experiments.
Abstract: It is now possible to divide particulate primary production into algal and heterotrophic components without physical separation. This depends on two innovations, the introduction of isotope in the form of labelled dissolved product(s) of primary production and the employment of a data analysis specifically designed for tracer kinetic incorporation experiments. The 14C technique described by Steemann Nielsen (1952) is inapplicable in the analyses of certain classes of systems and kinetic tracer incorporation experiments must be employed instead. We show that measurement of PDOC production rate requires such kinetic tracer analyses. Measurements made in the laboratory on water taken from 2 m depth in South West Arm of the Port Hacking estuary showed that: (1) the steady-state rate of PDOC production was 0.10 to 0.13 mg C.m-3.h-1; (2) the rate of PDOC incorporation into microheterotroph particulate organic carbon was 0.10 to 0.12 mg C.m-3.h-1; (3) the rate at which PDOC was respired to CO2 was 0.001 to 0.003 mg C.m-3.h-1. (4) the PDOC makes up only about 0.1% of the total dissolved organic carbon. The size class of particles associated with PDOC production differed from the size class responsible for uptake of PDOC. More than 50% of the PDOC production was associated with particles having a nominal diameter range of 20 to 63 μm, while this fraction was responsible for <10% of the incorporation.
TL;DR: Investigations performed on the ability of release products to be utilized by heterotrophic organisms showed that 20 to 30% of the released organic carbon was assimilated within a 2-h period.
Abstract: The amount of photoassimilated carbon released as dissolved organic carbon was investigated for 5 species of benthic marine macrophytes (Thalassia testudinum, Diplanthera wrightii, Acanthophora spicifera, Chondria dasyphylla, and Dictyota dichotoma) and 1 species of pelagic marine macrophyte (Sargassum natans). Release rates ranged between 0.006 and 0.053 mg C g-1 h-1. Percent release values ranged from 1.1 to 3.8%. Spermatophytes had slightly lower percent release values than algae. Investigations performed on the ability of release products to be utilized by heterotrophic organisms showed that 20 to 30% of the released organic carbon was assimilated within a 2-h period.
TL;DR: In this paper, a mixture of wheat, peanuts, field pea and pecan flours were evaluated for their properties at their natural pH, at pH 4.0, 8.2 and after a two-step sequential adjustment from the natural pH to 4.2.
Abstract: Defatted soybean, peanut, field pea and pecan flours were blended as 8% suspensions (w/v) with distilled water and characterized for emulsion and foam capacity, emulsion viscosity, protein solubility, and gel electrophoretic properties. Flour suspensions were evaluated for these properties at their natural pH, at pH 4.0, 8.2 and after a two-step sequential adjustment from the natural pH to 4.0 to 8.2. Maximum functionality of suspensions was noted as follows: (a) soybean flour, very thick mayonnaise-like emulsions (> 160,000 cps) and egg white-type foams at natural pH; (b) peanut flour, semi-thick mayonnaise-like emulsions (70,880 cps) and thick egg white-type foams after two-step adjustment to pH 8.2; (c) field pea flour, semi-thick mayonnaise-like emulsions (66,240 cps) and medium-thick foams after adjusting the pH directly to 8.2; and (d) pecan flour, very thick mayonnaise-like emulsions (> 160,000 cps) after two-step adjustment to pH 8.2. Protein solubility seems to be more closely associated with improved quality of emulsions and foams formed than with increased quantity of oil or air that could be bound by flour suspensions. Data from gel electrophoretic studies suggested that the major seed storage proteins were important in functionality tests, although other seed constituents, such as carbohydrates, may be equally involved.
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that the horizontal stability of the interstitial water allows the formation of interstitial salinity clines on the salt marsh, and that the growth of Spartina alterniflora is inversely related to the intra-salinity along these clines.
TL;DR: In this article, the onset of spreading in the South Atlantic and the rate of motion of the South American plate can be developed using Brazilian alkalic and basaltic rocks and the stratigraphy of the coastal basins.
Abstract: Information about the onset of spreading in the South Atlantic and the rate of motion of the South American plate can be developed using Brazilian alkalic and basaltic rocks and the stratigraphy of the coastal basins. The first basalts are 147 m.y. old and herald the start of general domal uplifts. With continued uplift, fracturing parallel to the coast led to diabase dike filling and the Jacupiranga and Anitapolis nodes of alkalic activity, 122 to 138 m.y. ago. This may be the time the first triple junctions developed in the area: two arms of each became sites of plate movement and outline the present coast; the third arm failed and was the locus of basaltic or alkalic activity. Normal faulting and deposition of typical rift-filling sediments occurred at this time.
After a Barremian hiatus, both alkalic and basaltic activity was renewed about 110 m.y. ago. The first marine sediments and thick evaporite sequences were laid down, so plate accretion must have begun. The Minas Gerais–Goias belt of alkalic rocks was emplaced in a restricted zone within a foldbelt formed during the Pre-cambrian Brazilian cycle in a phase lasting from 91 m.y. until about 65 m.y. ago. A hot-spot–South America relative motion approximately 1.4 ± 0.5 cm/yr in a northwest-southeast direction is suggested for this time.
The littoral belt of alkalic rocks developed from Sao Sebastiao to Cabo Frio starting about 82 m.y. ago and lasting until about 59 m.y. ago. This was about the same time as a northerly shift in the pole describing Africa–South America motion and accompanied an increase in the half–spreading rate to about 2.0 cm/yr. The South America–hot-spot relative motion for the past 59 m.y. is inferred from the track of seamounts leading to Trindade Island. If it is the same hot spot or a similar one to that which was on the coast, then the rate has been about 2.3 cm/yr.
TL;DR: In this article, the potential function governing internal rotation of bipbenyl and nitrobenzene has been determined by Raman spectroscopy, and the calculated barriers to internal rotation are compared with those determined previously for structurally similar molecules.
TL;DR: In this article, the color of saprolite determined by visual comparison with a Munsell Soil Color Chart and referred to our diagram yields a rapid estimate of total iron, as well as ancillary information about particle size and hydration state of the ferric compounds.
Abstract: Secondary iron compounds are the foremost coloring agents in subtropical and tropical saprolites. Amorphous Fe(OH) 3 and goethite are yellow in submicron particles, and coarse goethite is brown. Submicron hematite is red, whereas coarse hematite is gray to black. At most outcrops the color of saprolite is due to the secondary ferric compounds: the hue of the color relates to the mineralogy and particle size of the ferric pigments; value and chroma vary systematically with the proportion of pigment. The color of the saprolite determined by visual comparison with a Munsell Soil Color Chart and referred to our diagram yields a rapid estimate of total iron, as well as ancillary information about particle size and hydration state of the ferric compounds.
TL;DR: In this article, maximum likelihood estimators and estimators which utilize the first order statistic are derived for the three-parameter gamma distribution (Pearson's Type III Distribution) when samples are progressively censored.
Abstract: This paper is a continuation of previous work concerning progressively censored sampling in the normal and the exponential distribution [1], in the Weibull distribution [4], and in the log-normal distribution [5]. Here maximum likelihood estimators and estimators which utilize the first order statistic are derived for the three-parameter gamma distribution (Pearson's Type III Distribution) when samples are progressively censored. Various special cases are also considered. Illustrative examples involving life test data are included. Some of the sampling properties of the proposed estimators are investigated.
TL;DR: In this paper, a bivariate product-density model for the distribution of √b 1 and b 2 is studied, consisting of a Johnson Su approximation to the marginal density, and a gamma density for the conditional distribution.
Abstract: In sampling from general populations, the skewness and kurtosis statistics are subject to the constraint b 2 > 1 + b 1. A bivariate product-density model for the distribution of √b 1 and b 2 is studied, consisting of a Johnson Su approximation to the marginal density of √b 1, and a gamma density for the conditional distribution of b 2. Equiprobability contours are given for sampling from normal and nonnormal populations. In the normal case, an eight-parameter model is completely specified.
TL;DR: Is modern feminine orientation synonymous with working status; and if so, what are the marketing implications? as mentioned in this paper investigates the relationship between gender orientation and working status of women in the workplace.
Abstract: Is modern feminine orientation synonymous with working status; and if so, what are the marketing implications?