University of Georgia

About: University of Georgia is a education organization based out in Athens, Georgia, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 41934 authors who have published 93622 publications receiving 3713212 citations. The organization is also known as: UGA & Franklin College.

Pathogenomics of the Ralstonia solanacearum Species Complex

Abstract: Ralstonia solanacearum is a major phytopathogen that attacks many crops and other plants over a broad geographical range. The extensive genetic diversity of strains responsible for the various bacterial wilt diseases has in recent years led to the concept of an R. solanacearum species complex. Genome sequencing of more than 10 strains representative of the main phylogenetic groups has broadened our knowledge of the evolution and speciation of this pathogen and led to the identification of novel virulence-associated functions. Comparative genomic analyses are now opening the way for refined functional studies. The many molecular determinants involved in pathogenicity and host-range specificity are described, and we also summarize current understanding of their roles in pathogenesis and how their expression is tightly controlled by an intricate virulence regulatory network.

Inter‐biome comparison of factors controlling stream metabolism

Abstract: 'SUMMARY 1. We studied whole-ecosystem metabolism in eight streams from several biomes in North America to identify controls on the rate of stream metabolism over a large geographic range. The streams studied had climates ranging from tropical to cool-temperate and from humid to arid and were all relatively uninfluenced by human disturbances. 2. Rates of gross primary production (GPP), ecosystem respiration (R) and net ecosystem production (NEP) were determined using the open-system, two-station diurnal oxygen change method. 3. Three general patterns in metabolism were evident among streams: (1) relatively high GPP with positive NEP (i.e. net oxygen production) in early afternoon, (2) moderate primary production with a distinct peak in GPP during daylight but negative NEP at all times and (3) little or no evidence of GPP during daylight and a relatively constant and negative NEP over the entire day. ', 4. Gross primary production was most strongly correlated with photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). A multiple regression model that included log PAR and stream water soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) concentration explained 90% of the variation in log GPP. 5. Ecosystem respiration was significantly correlated with SRP concentration and size of the transient storage zone and, together, these factors,explained 73% of the variation in R. The rate of R was poorly correlated with the rate of GPP. 6. Net ecosystem production was significantly correlated only with PAR, with 53% of the variation in log NEP explained by log PAR. Only Sycamore Creek, a desert stream in Arizona, had positive NEP (GPP: R > I), supporting the idea that streams are generally net sinks rather than net sources of organic matter.

Attention Training in Individuals with Generalized Social Phobia: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract: The authors conducted a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial to examine the efficacy of an attention training procedure in reducing symptoms of social anxiety in 44 individuals diagnosed with generalized social phobia (GSP) Attention training comprised a probe detection task in which pictures of faces with either a threatening or neutral emotional expression cued different locations on the computer screen In the attention modification program (AMP), participants responded to a probe that always followed neutral faces when paired with a threatening face, thereby directing attention away from threat In the attention control condition (ACC), the probe appeared with equal frequency in the position of the threatening and neutral faces Results revealed that the AMP facilitated attention disengagement from threat from pre- to postassessment and reduced clinician- and self-reported symptoms of social anxiety relative to the ACC The percentage of participants no longer meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (4th ed) criteria for GSP at postassessment was 50% in the AMP and 14% in the ACC Symptom reduction in the AMP group was maintained during 4-month follow-up assessment These results suggest that computerized attention training procedures may be beneficial for treating social phobia

Linking photoreceptor excitation to changes in plant architecture

Abstract: Plants sense neighbor proximity as a decrease in the ratio of red to far-red light, which triggers a series of developmental responses. In Arabidopsis, phytochrome B (PHYB) is the major sensor of shade, but PHYB excitation has not been linked directly to a growth response. We show that the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor PIF7 (phytochrome-interacting factor 7), an interactor of PHYB, accumulates in its dephosphorylated form in shade, allowing it to bind auxin biosynthetic genes and increase their expression. New auxin synthesized through a PIF7-regulated pathway is required for shade-induced growth, linking directly the perception of a light quality signal to a rapid growth response.