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Institution

University of Georgia

EducationAthens, Georgia, United States
About: University of Georgia is a education organization based out in Athens, Georgia, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 41934 authors who have published 93622 publications receiving 3713212 citations. The organization is also known as: UGA & Franklin College.
Topics: Population, Poison control, Gene, Genome, Virus


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Representatives of the Roseobacter clade stand out as representing one of the most readily cultivated of the major marine lineages, and are serving as the foundation for an improved understanding of marine bacterial ecology and physiology.
Abstract: Despite the overwhelming bacterial diversity present in the world's oceans, the majority of recognized marine bacteria fall into as few as nine major clades ([36][1]), many of which have yet to be cultivated in the laboratory Molecular-based approaches targeting 16S rRNA genes demonstrate that the

800 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors survey the literature examining the privatization of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in both non-transition and transition countries, how investors in privatizations have fared, and the impact of privatization on the development of capital markets and corporate governance.
Abstract: This study surveys the literature examining the privatization of state-owned enterprises(SOEs). We overview the history of privatization, the theoretical and empirical evidence on the relative performance of state owned and privately owned firms, the types of privatization, if and by how much has privatization improved the performance of former SOEs in both non-transition and transition countries, how investors in privatizations have fared, the impact of privatization on the development of capital markets and corporate governance. We concentrate on the empirical evidence on the effects of privatization on firm performance. In most setting privatization "works" in that the firms become more efficient, more profitable, financially healthier, and reward investors. While this holds in both transition and non-transition economies, there is more variation in transition economies. Especially in transition economies, the identity of the new owners and managers is important in determining post-privatization performance.

798 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Experiments on pea aphids have demonstrated that facultative symbionts protect against entomopathogenic fungi and parasitoid wasps, ameliorate the detrimental effects of heat, and influence host plant suitability.
Abstract: Aphids engage in symbiotic associations with a diverse assemblage of heritable bacteria. In addition to their obligate nutrient-provisioning symbiont, Buchnera aphidicola, aphids may also carry one or more facultative symbionts. Unlike obligate symbionts, facultative symbionts are not generally required for survival or reproduction and can invade novel hosts, based on both phylogenetic analyses and transfection experiments. Facultative symbionts are mutualistic in the context of various ecological interactions. Experiments on pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum) have demonstrated that facultative symbionts protect against entomopathogenic fungi and parasitoid wasps, ameliorate the detrimental effects of heat, and influence host plant suitability. The protective symbiont, Hamiltonella defensa, has a dynamic genome, exhibiting evidence of recombination, phage-mediated gene uptake, and horizontal gene transfer and containing virulence and toxin-encoding genes. Although transmitted maternally with high fidelity, facultative symbionts occasionally move horizontally within and between species, resulting in the instantaneous acquisition of ecologically important traits, such as parasitoid defense.

794 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The purpose of this review was to update existing knowledge of "How many steps/day are enough?", and to inform step-based recommendations consistent with current physical activity guidelines.
Abstract: Physical activity guidelines from around the world are typically expressed in terms of frequency, duration, and intensity parameters. Objective monitoring using pedometers and accelerometers offers a new opportunity to measure and communicate physical activity in terms of steps/day. Various step-based versions or translations of physical activity guidelines are emerging, reflecting public interest in such guidance. However, there appears to be a wide discrepancy in the exact values that are being communicated. It makes sense that step-based recommendations should be harmonious with existing evidence-based public health guidelines that recognize that "some physical activity is better than none" while maintaining a focus on time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Thus, the purpose of this review was to update our existing knowledge of "How many steps/day are enough?", and to inform step-based recommendations consistent with current physical activity guidelines. Normative data indicate that healthy adults typically take between 4,000 and 18,000 steps/day, and that 10,000 steps/day is reasonable for this population, although there are notable "low active populations." Interventions demonstrate incremental increases on the order of 2,000-2,500 steps/day. The results of seven different controlled studies demonstrate that there is a strong relationship between cadence and intensity. Further, despite some inter-individual variation, 100 steps/minute represents a reasonable floor value indicative of moderate intensity walking. Multiplying this cadence by 30 minutes (i.e., typical of a daily recommendation) produces a minimum of 3,000 steps that is best used as a heuristic (i.e., guiding) value, but these steps must be taken over and above habitual activity levels to be a true expression of free-living steps/day that also includes recommendations for minimal amounts of time in MVPA. Computed steps/day translations of time in MVPA that also include estimates of habitual activity levels equate to 7,100 to 11,000 steps/day. A direct estimate of minimal amounts of MVPA accumulated in the course of objectively monitored free-living behaviour is 7,000-8,000 steps/day. A scale that spans a wide range of incremental increases in steps/day and is congruent with public health recognition that "some physical activity is better than none," yet still incorporates step-based translations of recommended amounts of time in MVPA may be useful in research and practice. The full range of users (researchers to practitioners to the general public) of objective monitoring instruments that provide step-based outputs require good reference data and evidence-based recommendations to be able to design effective health messages congruent with public health physical activity guidelines, guide behaviour change, and ultimately measure, track, and interpret steps/day.

792 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Exercise may prove to be a simple, yet important, method of enhancing those aspects of children’s mental functioning central to cognitive development.
Abstract: Studies that examine the effects of exercise on children’s intelligence, cognition, or academic achievement were reviewed and results were discussed in light of (a) contemporary cognitive theory development directed toward exercise, (b) recent research demonstrating the salutary effects of exercise on adults’ cognitive functioning, and (c) studies conducted with animals that have linked physical activity to changes in neurological development and behavior. Similar to adults, exercise facilitates children’s executive function (i.e., processes required to select, organize, and properly initiate goal-directed actions). Exercise may prove to be a simple, yet important, method of enhancing those aspects of children’s mental functioning central to cognitive development.

791 citations


Authors

Showing all 42268 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Rob Knight2011061253207
Feng Zhang1721278181865
Zhenan Bao169865106571
Carl W. Cotman165809105323
Yoshio Bando147123480883
Mark Raymond Adams1471187135038
Han Zhang13097058863
Dmitri Golberg129102461788
Godfrey D. Pearlson12874058845
Douglas E. Soltis12761267161
Richard A. Dixon12660371424
Ajit Varki12454258772
Keith A. Johnson12079851034
Gustavo E. Scuseria12065895195
Julian I. Schroeder12031550323
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023125
2022542
20214,670
20204,504
20194,098
20183,994