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Showing papers by "University of Gothenburg published in 1969"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An investigation of factors controlling healing and long term stability of intra-osseous titanium implants to restore masticatory function in dogs revealed that an integrity of the good anchorage of the implant requires non-traumatic surgical preparation of soft and hard tissues and a mechanically and chemically clean implant.
Abstract: An investigation of factors controlling healing and long term stability of intra-osseous titanium implants to restore masticatory function in dogs revealed that an integrity of the good anchorage of the implant requires: (1) Non-traumatic surgical preparation of soft and hard tissues and a mechanically and chemically clean implant. (2) Primary closure of the mucoperiosteal flap, to isolate the implant site from the oral cavity until a biological barrier has been reestablished. (3) Oral hygiene to prevent gingival inflammation. Provided these precautions are taken, it is possible to subject dental prostheses, connected to the implants, to unlimited masticatory load. With these precautions such implants were found to tolerate ordinary use in dogs for periods of more than 5 years without signs of tissue injury or other indications of rejection phenomena.Macroscopic clinical investigation, stereomicroscopy, roentgenography and light microscopy of the implant site in situ and after removal from the body showed...

1,765 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The above findings were interpreted as illustrating the importance of dopamine for the mediation of certain types of postural and locomotor activity in nialamide-pretreated rats.

327 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented an Intradiscal Measurements of pH in Patients with Lumbar Rhizopathies (IRRH) in patients with lumbar rhizopathy.
Abstract: (1969). Intradiscal Measurements of pH in Patients with Lumbar Rhizopathies. Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica: Vol. 40, No. 1, pp. 23-42.

195 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The effect of intratympanic application of streptomycin and parenteral injections of kanamycin upon the vestibular sensory epithelia have been studied with the surface specimen technique and clear regional differences in vulnerability to these ototoxic antibiotics have been noticed.
Abstract: The effect of intratympanic application of streptomycin and parenteral injections of kanamycin upon the vestibular sensory epithelia have been studied with the surface specimen technique. Clear regional differences in vulnerability to these ototoxic antibiotics have been noticed. The sensory epithelia of the cristae ampullares were more vulnerable than the macula utriculi, which in turn was distinctly more vulnerable than the macula sacculi. The degenerative changes involved primarily the central parts of the crista epithelium and the striola of the maculae.

167 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Tests on the strength properties of Achilles Tendon Systems in Trained and Untrained Rabbits and in Animals suggest that the Achilles tendon of Rabbits has low tensile strength.
Abstract: (1969). Tensile Strength Properties of Achilles Tendon Systems in Trained and Untrained Rabbits. Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica: Vol. 40, No. 2, pp. 261-272.

155 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A mechanical model for the tissue and the mathematical expressions governing the behaviour of this model are considered and experimental verifications of the model and numerical values for some of its parameters are presented.

139 citations



Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Noradrenaline, dopamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine were determined chemically and histochemically in the brains of rats given lithium with the food for three weeks, indicating that prolonged administration of small lithium doses leads to a lowering of the activity in 5- Hydroxytryptamines neurons or an inhibition of the impulse-stimulated release of 5-Hydroxyt Kryptamine at the nerve terminals.

89 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The mechanism of the vasodilating effect of nicotinic acid is discussed, and the blood concentrations of free fatty acids and glucose decreased, while the total concentration of pyridine compounds in whole blood increased during the infusion, parallel with plasma nicotinics acid, but decreased more slowly than the free nicotinIC acid after the infusion.
Abstract: Nicotinic acid was infused intravenously in healthy human beings in doses between 0.01 and 0.1 mg. per kilogram per minute for 20 to 180 minutes. The relationship between pharmacologic action and blood concentration of nicotinic acid was investigated. An increase of free nicotinic acid in plasma by 0.1 to 0.4 µg per milliliter was accompanied by increased blood flow through the hand, which maximally amounted to 75 per cent, and a 100 per cent increase in blood flow through the muscle. The pulse rate increased, but there was no change in blood pressure. The blood concentrations of free fatty acids and glucose decreased. Flushing of the face and neck persisted as long as the plasma nicotinic acid increased but disappeared when a constant level was reached. The intensity of the remaining pharmacologic effects were only initially correlated to the flushing. A fivefold increase of the dose of infused nicotinic acid (0.05 to 0.07 mg. per kilogram per minute) induced a proportional increase of the plasma concentration. The muscle blood flow was considerably increased (200 per cent) by the higher dose, but the other effects were not significantly changed. The total concentration of pyridine compounds in whole blood increased during the infusion, parallel with plasma nicotinic acid, but decreased more slowly than the free nicotinic acid after the infusion, still being elevated when the pharmacological effects had disappeared. The mechanism of the vasodilating effect of nicotinic acid is discussed.

77 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an Intravital Observation on the Microvascular Anatomy and Microcirculation of the Tendon is described, and the authors propose a method for the detection of microvascular structures.
Abstract: (1969). Intravital Observation on the Microvascular Anatomy and Microcirculation of the Tendon. Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica: Vol. 40, No. sup126, pp. 1-42.

75 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results suggest mechanical trauma as possible initial factor in atherogenesis as well as lipid-rich, non-regressive intimai thickenings formed in normo-lipidemic rabbits.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results strongly suggested the existence in the Mauthner fibre of a primary microsomal, rather than a mitochondrial, protein synthesizing system.
Abstract: — Mauthner nerve fibres isolated from the spinal cord of goldfish were incubated, in the presence of radioactive amino acids for varying periods of time. It was found that the Mauthner fibre synthesizes proteins in the absence of cell nuclei. Amino acid incorporation showed sensitivity to puromycin and to acetoxycycloheximide but resistance to chloramphenicol. Only slight inhibition was caused by actinomycin-D. The contribution of the denuded axon to the total protein synthesis was about 30 per cent per unit length Mauthner fibre. The remaining activity was due to the myelin sheath compartment. Fractionation experiments showed that the incorporation in the sheath was due to components other than the myelin lamellae. The subcellular distribution of newly synthesized proteins in the isolated and incubated Mauthner fibre was compared to that found in the incubated spinal cord. The results strongly suggested the existence in the Mauthner fibre of a primary microsomal, rather than a mitochondrial, protein synthesizing system.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: As a direct continuation of Part I, where the theoretical background for the rheological model was discussed, possible operations on the model are discussed and performed on anterior cruciate ligament preparations from rabbits.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Segments of spinal cords from goldfish or from carp were incubated in vitro in the presence of RNA precursors for varying periods of time to isolate Mauthner nerve fibres from the fresh unfixed tissue or from the fixed spinal cord.
Abstract: — Segments of spinal cords from goldfish or from carp were incubated in vitro in the presence of RNA precursors for varying periods of time. Mauthner nerve fibres were isolated from the fresh unfixed tissue, or, for the separate analyses of axon and myelin sheath, from the fixed spinal cord. The myelinated Mauthner fibre isolated from the incubated spinal cord showed RNA synthesis. A considerable part of the material sedimented at 4S, but part of the nucleic acid was recovered at higher sedimentation values, up to 30S. Newly synthesized RNA was extracted from the isolated myelin sheath as well as from the axon. Isolated myelinated Mauthner fibres were also incubated in vitro with RNA precursors. In this case incorporation occurred exclusively in material sedimenting at 4S or lower. The turnover rate for RNA from the fibre was of a higher order than that of the bulk of RNA from the spinal cord. The findings of RNA synthesis in these tissue components lacking nuclei could possibly be explained as owing to mitochondria. Studies by electron microscopy demonstrated the extent of purity of the isolated components and it was found that contamination was so small as to make it unlikely that the RNA investigated originated in contaminating tissue.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Analysis of the Mechanics of the Thoracic Spine in Man: An Experimental Study of Autopsy Specimens and its Applications is presented.
Abstract: (1969). Analysis of the Mechanics of the Thoracic Spine in Man: An Experimental Study of Autopsy Specimens. Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica: Vol. 40, No. sup127, pp. 1-105.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is shown that white blood corpuscles enter the degenerating parts of peripheral nerves in wallerian degeneration, since such cells can transform into macrophages, part of the macrophage population in the degenerates nerves is presumably hematogenous.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In a full-thickness scrotal autograft transplanted to a rabbit's ear inside a transparent ear chamber, the following events were observed through a high resolution vital microscope.
Abstract: In a full-thickness scrotal autograft transplanted to a rabbit's ear inside a transparent ear chamber, the following events were observed through a high resolution vital microscope: 1. To and fro circulation of plasma and red blood cells around the graft and sometimes of donor area blood contained within the preexisting vessels of the graft begins immediately after the graft is laid in place. 2. Slow irregular circulation of blood from the recipient bed begins in the graft, 24 to 48 hours after grafting. 3. Circulation first develops inside the preexisting vessels of the graft. 4. Moderate vascular proliferation starts shortly after circulation begins. In this study, it appeared to originate from preexisting graft vessels. 5. Modification of the preexisting vascular pattern of the graft takes place after circulation begins. It is presumably due to the new blood flow characteristics which depend largely on the circulation in the recipient bed and on the recipient bed to graft connections. 6. Graft epiderma...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In several cases a positive result of the lithium therapy has led us to suspect that this diagnosis of manic-depressive psychosis had as a matter of fact been correct, and the question of such a diagnosis ex juvantibus after the case histories is reverted.
Abstract: As regards the duration of the observation times, our experience of lithium is in no way comparable with that of our Danish colleagues. To a certain extent, however, we have used the substance on indications other than those usually motivating this therapy, and it is with the experience gained in this connection that this preliminary report deals. T h e astonishingly good results we attained by applying the treatment to manic states led us perhaps into a certain ’lithiomania’, and we began to try out the drug on various severe pathological states that had proved resistant to other measures. Our criterion for considering a case to be treated on atypical indication is the following: the existing picture has not permitted of the diagnosis manic-depressive psychosis before the therapeutic experiment. In several cases a positive result of the lithium therapy has led us to suspect that this diagnosis had as a matter of fact been correct. We shall revert tc, the question of such a diagnosis ex juvantibus after the case histories. The number of cases treated on atypical indication amounts to 27, 15 women and 12 men. In 9 of these cases we observed no effect whatsoever. These formed a group of patients with very varying symptomatology and we shall not at this stage give the case histories. There was a phasic course in 4 of the cases. The group is of course interesting as comparative material, but it is as yet so small that we refrain for the time being from making comparisons. There remain 18 atypical cases in which what we considered a distinct effect was observable, sometimes modest, sometimes very striking. We give a brief account of the 1 8 cases, though in the first and last we go into somewhat greater detail as they are particularly illustrative.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It was concluded that the impaired sexual behavior of the anosmic rats was not due to hormonal failure and the subjects were injected either with a potent long-acting testosterone preparation or with gonadotrophic hormones.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is necessary to select patients suitable for selective application of the first carpo-Metacarpal Joint for osteoarthritis based on prior history and once they provide informed consent for surgery, the second step in the treatment of arthritis.
Abstract: (1969). Arthrodesis of the First Carpo-Metacarpal Joint for Osteoarthritis. Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica: Vol. 40, No. 5, pp. 602-607.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The Gingival Index scores and exudate measurements clearly indicate a gradual deterioration of the gingivae of all the subjects throughout the eighteen days of experiment, which shows that the chewing of fibrous food had no influence on the rate of deterioration ofThe gingIVae when no tooth-cleansing was practiced.
Abstract: The present investigation was undertaken to study the changes in the gingivae of a group of human subjects whose only active effort at oral cleanliness was to chew raw carrots. Eighteen male dental students 20–24 years of age, were studied using the Gingival Index system (GI) of Loe and Silness (1963), the Plaque Index system (P1I) of Silness and Loe (1964) and gingival exudates measurements according to Egelberg (1964). The participants were told not to use any active oral hygiene measures for a period of eighteen days. During this time, nine of the students were given three raw carrots three times a day. These were carefully chewed for two to three minutes under supervision. That the regular chewing of raw carrots had no influence on the degree of plaque formation, is proved by the fact that at no examination was the difference between the Plaque Index scores of the experimental and the control groups statistically significant. Thus, the active mastication of the raw carrots appeared to have no significant toothcleansing effect. This investigation has also demonstrated that, when all active tooth cleansing is discontinued, healthy gingivae will develop chronic inflammation and pre-existing gingivitis will gradually become aggravated. The Gingival Index scores and exudate measurements clearly indicate a gradual deterioration of the gingivae of all the subjects throughout the eighteen days of experiment. The increases in the GI-values and in the gingival exudation were of the same magnitude in both the experimental and the control groups. This shows that the chewing of fibrous food had no influence on the rate of deterioration of the gingivae when no tooth-cleansing was practiced.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The decrement in density of the synaptic Cleft, demonstrated microdensitometrically, suggested that at least some of the sialic acid freed from synaptosomes by incubation in neuraminidase is located extracellularly, within the synaptic cleft.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In contact microangiograms of full-thickness scrotal autografts transplanted to the ears of rabbits, the following events were noted: the first vascular filling within the graft was noted and new vessels in the superficial layers of the graft appeared to arise from preexisting graft vessels.
Abstract: In contact microangiograms of full-thickness scrotal autografts transplanted to the ears of rabbits, the following events were noted: 1. The first vascular filling within the graft was noted between 24 and 48 hours after grafting. It was characterized by poor vascular filling with contrast medium which suggested irregular blood circulation and perhaps a low perfusion pressure. 2. The first vascular connections between recipient bed and graft were few. They were between the recipient bed and the mouths of large dilated vessels in the graft. 3. Invasion of the lower layers of the graft by capillaries from the recipient bed was noted between 48 and 72 hours after grafting. This invasion did not seem to be responsible for the increased number of small vessels in the superficial layers of the graft. New vessels in the superficial layers of the graft appeared to arise from preexisting graft vessels. 4. Vascular dilatation in the recipient bed and graft were marked until about the second or third day after graft...


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the titration curves have been analysed by rigorous equilibrium calculations with the computer program HALTAFALL, and they have been shown to enter the solid phase, forming precipitates with the formula LaF3-xAcx (0

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: TRNAval when present as a complex with the enzyme was protected against T1-RNase under conditions in which free tRNAval was completely inactivated and protection against phosphodiesterase, although significant, was much less pronounced.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The relaxant effect induced via adrenergic a-receptors was blocked selectively by factors such as cold treatment, digitalis glycosides, desoxycorticosterone, which could be assumed to decrease the ionic gradients of K+ and Na+ across the cell membrane or reduce its ionic permeability.
Abstract: In experiments on taenia coli from rabbits, a study was made of the mechanisms whereby catecholamines induce a relaxing effect. In a low concentration (≤2.1 × 10–6 g/ml), l-phenylephrine selectively stimulated adrenergic a-receptors; this effect was blocked completely by the adrenergic α-blocking agent dibenamine. In a low concentration (≤ 3.7 × 10–8 g/ml), 1-isoprenaline selectively stimulated β-receptors; this effect was blocked completely by the adrenergic β-receptor blocking agent sotalol. In higher concentrations, phenylephrine and isoprenaline stimulated both adrenergic α-and β-receptors; their relaxing effect could only be blocked completely by a combination of dibenamine and sotalol. In taenia coli from rabbits, the threshold concentration for β-receptor-mediated relaxation was lower than that for relaxation induced via a-receptors; in taenia coli from guinea pigs the reverse was found. The relaxant effect induced via adrenergic a-receptors was blocked selectively by factors such as cold treatment, digitalis glycosides, desoxycorticosterone, which could be assumed to decrease the ionic gradients of K+ and Na+ across the cell membrane or reduce its ionic permeability. — On successive reduction of the carbohydrate reserves of the muscle, the relaxation induced via adrenergic β-receptors was inhibited more rapidly than that induced via α-receptors. Theophylline and puromycin, which inhibit the enzymatic hydrolysis of cyclic AMP, potentiated selectively the β-receptors mediated relaxation.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the distribution of boric acid between chloroform and 0.5 M sodium chloride has been studied as a function of the concentration of 2,2-diethyipropanediol-1,3 (DEPD) and 2-ethylhexanediol 1,3(EHD) between pH 2 and 12.