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Showing papers by "University of Gothenburg published in 2022"


Journal ArticleDOI
18 Feb 2022-Science
TL;DR: In this article , the authors developed a mixture-centered risk assessment strategy that integrates epidemiological and experimental evidence to identify that exposure to an EDC mixture in early pregnancy is associated with language delay in offspring.
Abstract: Convergent evidence associates exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) with major human diseases, even at regulation-compliant concentrations. This might be because humans are exposed to EDC mixtures, whereas chemical regulation is based on a risk assessment of individual compounds. Here, we developed a mixture-centered risk assessment strategy that integrates epidemiological and experimental evidence. We identified that exposure to an EDC mixture in early pregnancy is associated with language delay in offspring. At human-relevant concentrations, this mixture disrupted hormone-regulated and disease-relevant regulatory networks in human brain organoids and in the model organisms Xenopus leavis and Danio rerio, as well as behavioral responses. Reinterrogating epidemiological data, we found that up to 54% of the children had prenatal exposures above experimentally derived levels of concern, reaching, for the upper decile compared with the lowest decile of exposure, a 3.3 times higher risk of language delay.

83 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the fundamental properties of 2D and 0D hexagonal boron nitride (2D h-BN) nanomaterials are discussed and the latest progress in the fabrication and applications of BN nanosheets and quantum dots (BNQDs).

37 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Apr 2022
TL;DR: In this paper , a hierarchical porous MIL-100(Fe) MOF/MOX homojunctions were obtained by adjusting the ratio of anions (NO3- and Cl-) in the metal precursors.
Abstract: The construction of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with hierarchical pores is of great importance for the photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) of gaseous BTXS (benzene, toluene, xylenes and styrene) pollutants with large molecular size, but it is still challenging. Herein, by adjusting the ratio of anions (NO3- and Cl-) in the metal precursors, hierarchically porous MIL-100(Fe) MOF/MOX homojunctions were obtained through a one-pot solvothermal method. The existence of both micro- and mesopores (2–10 nm) made the active sites more accessible to guest molecules. The formation of MOF/MOX homojunctions promoted the separation of electron-hole pairs. Additionally, the coordinatively unsaturated acidic Fe3-O sites facilitated the capture of BTXS molecules and participated in the PCO process through the conversion between Fe(III) and Fe(II). The MIL-100(Fe) homojunctions showed improved performance towards the PCO of BTXS (over 80% for xylenes and styrene) compared with the crystalline or xerogel counterparts and exhibited great potential in the PCO of aromatic air pollutants.

22 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a hierarchical porous MIL-100(Fe) MOF/MOX homojunctions were obtained by adjusting the ratio of anions (NO3- and Cl-) in the metal precursors.
Abstract: The construction of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with hierarchical pores is of great importance for the photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) of gaseous BTXS (benzene, toluene, xylenes and styrene) pollutants with large molecular size, but it is still challenging. Herein, by adjusting the ratio of anions (NO3- and Cl-) in the metal precursors, hierarchically porous MIL-100(Fe) MOF/MOX homojunctions were obtained through a one-pot solvothermal method. The existence of both micro- and mesopores (2~10 nm) made the active sites more accessible to guest molecules. The formation of MOF/MOX homojunctions promoted the separation of electron-hole pairs. Additionally, the coordinatively unsaturated acidic Fe3-O sites facilitated the capture of BTXS molecules and participated in the PCO process through the conversion between Fe(III) and Fe(II). The MIL-100(Fe) homojunctions showed improved performance towards the PCO of BTXS (over 80% for xylenes and styrene) compared with the crystalline or xerogel counterparts and exhibited great potential in the PCO of aromatic air pollutants.

22 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper investigated the effect of domestication on one of the prime model organisms, the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, at a species-wide level and found a remarkable dichotomy between domesticated and wild strains.
Abstract: Domestication of plants and animals is the foundation for feeding the world human population but can profoundly alter the biology of the domesticated species. Here we investigated the effect of domestication on one of our prime model organisms, the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, at a species-wide level. We tracked the capacity for sexual and asexual reproduction and the chronological life span across a global collection of 1,011 genome-sequenced yeast isolates and found a remarkable dichotomy between domesticated and wild strains. Domestication had systematically enhanced fermentative and reduced respiratory asexual growth, altered the tolerance to many stresses and abolished or impaired the sexual life cycle. The chronological life span remained largely unaffected by domestication and was instead dictated by clade-specific evolution. We traced the genetic origins of the yeast domestication syndrome using genome-wide association analysis and genetic engineering and disclosed causative effects of aneuploidy, gene presence/absence variations, copy number variations and single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Overall, we propose domestication to be the most dramatic event in budding yeast evolution, raising questions about how much domestication has distorted our understanding of the natural biology of this key model species.

20 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated whether a 12-week exercise intervention, with different intensities, could reduce anxiety symptoms in patients with anxiety disorders and found that patients in both exercise groups showed larger improvements in both anxiety and depressive symptoms compared to the control group.

19 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors identified the spatiotemporal variations of surface albedo on the Tibetan Plateau (TP) from 1982 to 2015, and quantified the relationships between the spatial and temporal patterns of the albedos and associated influencing factors (snow cover, vegetation, and soil moisture) on the seasonal and interannual basis using satellite products and reanalysis data.

19 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The first part of a scientific statement from the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the European Society of Cardiology focused upon the pathophysiology of Takotsubo syndrome and is complimentary to the previous HFA position statement as mentioned in this paper which focused upon clinical management.
Abstract: This is the first part of a scientific statement from the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the European Society of Cardiology focused upon the pathophysiology of Takotsubo syndrome and is complimentary to the previous HFA position statement on Takotsubo syndrome which focused upon clinical management. In part 1 we provide an overview of the pathophysiology of Takotsubo syndrome and fundamental questions to consider. We then review and discuss the central role of catecholamines and the sympathetic nervous system in the pathophysiology, and the direct effects of high surges in catecholamines upon myocardial biology including β-adrenergic receptor signalling, G-protein coupled receptor kinases, cardiomyocyte calcium physiology, myofilament physiology, cardiomyocyte gene expression, myocardial electrophysiology and arrhythmogenicity, myocardial inflammation, metabolism and energetics. The integrated effects upon ventricular haemodynamics are discussed and integrated into the pathophysiological model.

19 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that the transaction attributes of asset specificity, transaction uncertainty, and transaction frequency have all changed fundamentally in digital platform-based transactions and make curvilinear moderating hypotheses.

18 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors identified the spatiotemporal variations of surface albedo on the Tibetan Plateau (TP) from 1982 to 2015, and quantified the relationships between the spatial and temporal patterns of the albedos and associated influencing factors (snow cover, vegetation, and soil moisture) on the seasonal and interannual basis using satellite products and reanalysis data.

17 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , the authors conducted an in-depth comparison of the proteome of large and small extracellular vesicles (EVs), such as exosomes, by using a combination of differential ultracentrifugation and a density cushion and quantitative mass spectrometry.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed spatial patterns in the Tibetan Plateau (TP) warming rates based on a novel near-surface air temperature dataset of 1980-2014 recently developed by ingesting high-elevation observations and downscaled reanalysis datasets, showing that the high snow cover persistence at high elevation reduces strengthening of positive feedbacks responsible for elevation dependent warming at low-middle elevations, leading to reversed altitudinal patterns of TP warming above and below 5000m.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jan 2022-Appetite
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the prevalence of children screening positive for avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) in a Japanese birth cohort using a newly developed parent-reported screening tool.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined experimental plots with known history of application of sewage sludge and found that 44% of the MP load found on sludge-applied land was found on nearby land never directly applied with sludge.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the impact of five banking sector performance variables (return on asset, market capitalisation, asset quality, managerial inefficiency and financial stability) on renewable energy consumption for a global panel consisting of 124 countries over the period 1998-2012 was investigated.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A 3D α-MoO3 nanostructure for high-performance triethylamine (TEA) detection was synthesized via the facial oxidation of MoS2 nanoflowers (NFs) obtained by a hydrothermal process as mentioned in this paper.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A 3D α-MoO3 nanostructure for high-performance triethylamine (TEA) detection was synthesized via the facial oxidation of MoS2 nanoflowers (NFs) obtained by a hydrothermal process as mentioned in this paper .

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors discuss the current knowledge and the clinical and experimental data available on agents affecting FXR and bile acid turnover, including drugs targeting FXR for cholestatic liver diseases, and so far one of them has been granted conditional approval.
Abstract: Intrahepatic cholestasis is the main feature of a group of liver diseases that are characterized by hepatic and systemic accumulation of bile acids due to impaired excretion of bile, based on inflammation of intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts or dysfunction of hepatobiliary transport proteins. The nuclear bile acid sensor farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is central for the regulation of bile acid turnover, including synthesis, hepatic excretion and intestinal and hepatic uptake. Several drugs targeting FXR have been developed for the treatment of cholestatic liver diseases, and so far one of them has been granted conditional approval. In this review, we will discuss the current knowledge and the clinical and experimental data available on agents affecting FXR and bile acid turnover.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors designed a paradigm of synergy and division of labor for bimetallic dual active sites single-atom catalyst (SAC) combined with ROS circulation and parallel catalytic therapy for efficient tumor therapy.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a systematic review compiles and assesses these studies, in order to analyse the sensitivity distribution across different organisms, on this basis, maximum acceptable environmental concentrations are suggested and potential environmental risks are discussed.

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2022
TL;DR: A comprehensive literature review on the ecotoxicological impacts of microplastics and nanoplastics in terrestrial and aquatic organisms in the context of particle characteristics, interactive toxicological effects, taxonomic gradients and synergies with associated chemicals is presented in this paper.
Abstract: Plastic pollution is a widespread environmental problem that is currently one of the most discussed issues by scientists, policymakers and society at large. The potential ecotoxicological effects of plastic particles in a wide range of organisms have been investigated in a growing number of exposure studies over the past years. Nonetheless, many questions still remain regarding the overall effects of microplastics and nanoplastics on organisms from different ecosystem compartments, as well as the underlying mechanisms behind the observed toxicity. This chapter provides a comprehensive literature review on the ecotoxicological impacts of microplastics and nanoplastics in terrestrial and aquatic organisms in the context of particle characteristics, interactive toxicological effects, taxonomic gradients and with a focus on synergies with associated chemicals. Overall, a total of 220 references were reviewed for their fulfilment of specific quality criteria (e.g. experimental design, particle characteristics, ecotoxicological endpoints and findings), after which 175 were included in our assessment. The analysis of the reviewed studies revealed that organisms’ responses were overall influenced by the physicochemical heterogeneity of the plastic particles used, for which distinct differences were attributed to polymer type, size, morphology and surface alterations. On the other hand, little attention has been paid to the role of additive chemicals in the overall toxicity. There is still little consistency regarding the biological impacts posed by plastic particles, with observed ecotoxicological effects being highly dependent on the environmental compartment assessed and specific morphological, physiological and behavioural traits of the species used. Nonetheless, evidence exists of impacts across successive levels of biological organization, covering effects from the subcellular level up to the ecosystem level. This review presents the important research gaps concerning the ecotoxicological impacts of plastic particles in different taxonomical groups, as well as recommendations on future research priorities needed to better understand the ecological risks of plastic particles in terrestrial and aquatic environments.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured changes in all distinguishable organelle numbers, sizes, and morphologies in over 2100 electron micrographs and revealed a major restructuring of the cell's internal architecture during the progressive heat shock.
Abstract: When the temperature is increased, the heat shock response is activated to protect the cellular environment. The transcriptomics and proteomics of this process are intensively studied, while information about how the cell responds structurally to heat stress is mostly lacking. Here, Saccharomyces cerevisiae were subjected to a mild continuous heat shock (38°C) and intermittently cryo-immobilized for electron microscopy. Through measuring changes in all distinguishable organelle numbers, sizes, and morphologies in over 2100 electron micrographs a major restructuring of the cell's internal architecture during the progressive heat shock was revealed. The cell grew larger but most organelles within it expanded even more, shrinking the volume of the cytoplasm. Organelles responded to heat shock at different times, both in terms of size and number, and adaptations of certain organelles' morphology (such as the vacuole), were observed. Multivesicular bodies grew to almost 170% in size, indicating a previously unknown involvement in the heat shock response. A previously undescribed electron translucent structure accumulated close to the plasma membrane. This all-encompassing approach provides a detailed chronological progression of organelle adaptation throughout the cellular heat-stress response.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors investigated the interaction between alkali and an oxygen carrier (OC), CaMn0.775Ti0.125Mg0.1O3-δ, to better understand the fate of alkali in CLC.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , the authors proposed to use a range of geologically relevant initial 87Sr/86Sr compositions rather than one fixed value: (1) 0.703 ± 0.003 (for mantle derived magmatic rocks), (2)0.715 ±0.015 (for evolved magmatic mines), and (3) 0.,730 ± 0.,030 (for crustal mines).
Abstract: Due to developments in reaction cell technologies, it is now possible to collect large 87Rb/86Sr and 87Sr/86Sr data sets using LA-ICP-MS/MS. Until now, LA-ICP-MS/MS Rb-Sr ages were constrained using conventional isochrons on a contiguous set of Rb-Sr data. In this contribution, we present a straightforward procedure on how to measure, calculate and validate Rb-Sr ages from individual laser spots even from detrital grains devoid of context. This approach does not only allow provenance studies of detrital micas, but also furthermore opens the opportunity to produce age maps with unprecedented spatial resolution, both for zoned single crystals and targeting different textural domains. The main challenge for calculating single-spot Rb-Sr ages is the estimation of the initial 87Sr/86Sr composition, if it cannot be constrained through analysis of a paragenetic phase. In this case, we propose to use a range of geologically relevant initial 87Sr/86Sr compositions rather than one fixed value: (1) 0.703 ± 0.003 (for mantle derived magmatic rocks), (2) 0.715 ± 0.015 (for evolved magmatic rocks) and (3) 0.730 ± 0.030 (for crustal rocks). Modelling shows that the 87Sr/86Sr ratio of the targeted material delineates the accuracy and precision of single-spot Rb-Sr ages. If the measured Sr isotopic composition is sufficiently radiogenic [87Sr/86Sr of > 1.0 for scenario (1) to > 4.5 for scenario (3)], the calculated age and its uncertainty are not significantly influenced by the initial 87Sr/86Sr composition. Using Mica-Mg as the primary reference material, single-spot Rb-Sr dating was tested on biotite (Mount Dromedary, La Posta, McClure Mountain), muscovite (Högsbo) and a nano-powder tablet (Mica-Fe) that we further propose using as secondary reference materials for Rb-Sr geochronology.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , the concept of teachers' professional digital competence has been investigated in the context of technology-based teaching. But to a large extent, it was rarely described in detail, and the concepts addressing teachers' digital competence are defined or conceptualised in research.
Abstract: Educational research has increasingly drawn attention to teachers’ professional digital competence.Various theoretical and methodological perspectives involving a plethora of terms are used to investigate teachers’ competences in relation to technology-based teaching. The concept of teachers’ professional digital competence still appears to be ambiguous and elusive. This literature overview aims to scrutinise if, and how the concepts addressing teachers’ professional digital competence are defined or conceptualised in research. In the publications retrieved from the search in educational databases, we found that the concept of teachers’ professional digital competence, or related concepts, was frequently mentioned in abstracts, keywords and full texts, but to a large extent, it was rarely described in detail. In our final corpus of 18 publications, we could distinguish seven recurring aspects of teachers’ professional digital competence; 1) technological competence, 2) content knowledge, 3) attitudes to technology use, 4) pedagogical competence, 5) cultural awareness, 6) critical approach and 7) professional engagement, with the technological and pedagogical competences as the most prominent. Inspired by Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory, these aspects are analysed as operating within microsystems of individual teachers and within meso- and macrosystems of interactive teachers in interplay with the situated classroom contexts and on larger societal systems.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The consequences of a bifurcation of political science and public administration have been discussed in this article , where the authors find that public administration research would benefit from incorporating a political science understanding of power, democracy, governance and citizenship.
Abstract: The paper critically reviews the consequences of a bifurcation of Political Science and Public Administration. This divorce of two closely related academic fields has removed political explanations to key developments in the public service from Public Administration research and thus it tends to provide a partial view of the reality that it seeks to capture. There are several developments underway in the public sector, which underscore the political nature of public administration. These developments include the rise of administration politics; a growing emphasis on strategic management; governance-driven democratization and administrative micro-politics; the increasing significance of interactive and collaborative forms of governance; the rise of multilevel governance; and the development toward a more active citizenship. We find that in all of these areas, public administration research would benefit from incorporating a political science understanding of power, democracy, governance and citizenship.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper investigated the role of reactive astrocytes in functional connectivity and recovery after photothrombotic stroke in mice with attenuated reactive gliosis (GFAP-/-Vim-/-).

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors identify the people involved in decision-making processes and reveal the highly networked nature of agency for energy efficiency, and distinguish between the commercial and nautical components of energy efficiency.
Abstract: To mitigate climate change due to international shipping, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) requires shipowners and ship technical managers to improve the energy efficiency of ships’ operations. This paper studies how voyage planning and execution decisions affect energy efficiency and distinguishes between the commercial and nautical components of energy efficiency. Commercial decisions for voyage planning depend on dynamic market conditions and matter more for energy efficiency than nautical decisions do for voyage execution. The paper identifies the people involved in decision-making processes and advances the energy-efficiency literature by revealing the highly networked nature of agency for energy efficiency. The IMO’s current energy efficiency regulations fail to distinguish between the commercial and nautical aspects of energy efficiency, which limits the ability to mitigate climate change through regulatory measures. Policymakers should expand their regulatory focus beyond shipowners and technical managers to cargo owners to improve energy efficiency and reduce maritime transport emissions.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , the authors investigated the long-term trends in strength and position of the Southern Hemisphere westerlies and their linkage with human activities, based on the ERA5 reanalysis and model simulations from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6).

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured the concentration of 32 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in leaves of pin oak (Quercus palustris) and needles of black pine (Pinus nigra) in the City of Gothenburg, Sweden, during the summer of 2018.