University of Gothenburg

About: University of Gothenburg is a education organization based out in Gothenburg, Sweden. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 23855 authors who have published 65241 publications receiving 2606327 citations. The organization is also known as: Göteborg University & Gothenburg University.

What are the prevalence and incidence of tooth loss in the adult and elderly population in Europe

Abstract: Objective: The purpose of this review was to study the prevalence and incidence of edentulism and tooth loss in European countries. Material and method: A literature search was performed by means of Medline/PubMed using various combinations of keywords concerning prevalence and incidence of tooth loss and edentulism, complemented by a hand search. Inclusion criteria were cross-sectional and longitudinal clinical and questionnaire studies of representative or random samples of ≥100 subjects at the initial examination. Sixty articles were identified; the hand search gave 13 more references. Results: This literature review demonstrated that there is a lack of epidemiological studies on edentulism and tooth loss in many countries in Europe. The quality of available data varied considerably. There is a documented decline of edentulism with still great differences in prevalence between countries, between geographical regions within countries and between groups with various backgrounds. The mean number of lost teeth increases with age. In several countries many dentate subjects aged 60 years and over still have reduced dentitions possibly needing prosthodontic treatment. The incidence of tooth loss is low but with geographical variation between age groups, and there is a trend for decreasing incidence over the last decades. A great number of variables are associated with tooth loss, and there is no consensus whether dental disease related or socio-behavioural factors are the most important risk factors. Institutionalised elderly people have, in general, more compromised oral health, including fewer teeth, than those at the same age living freely. Conclusion: Tooth loss and edentulism are declining at least in those European countries where reliable data are available. However, the WHO goal of retaining at least 20 teeth at the age of 80 years has not yet been met but is being approached in some countries.

Bacterial leakage around dental restorations: its effect on the dental pulp

Abstract: This study revealed that the quantity of bacteria filtered from the base of Class V cavity restorations were directly related to the type of medicament used. Of the brands studied: composite, amalgam, silicate, and guttapercha – each produced varying numbers of bacterial colonies, whereas zinc oxide and eugenol cement showed none. Histopathology of the pulps correlated directly to the microbiological data.

Two distinct influences of Arctic warming on cold winters over North America and East Asia

Abstract: Possible impact of Arctic warming on the mid-latitudes has sparked interest. Analyses of observations and climate model simulations reveal two distinct patterns of Arctic warming that affect East Asia and North America, respectively. Arctic warming has sparked a growing interest because of its possible impacts on mid-latitude climate1,2,3,4,5. A number of unusually harsh cold winters have occurred in many parts of East Asia and North America in the past few years2,6,7, and observational and modelling studies have suggested that atmospheric variability linked to Arctic warming might have played a central role1,3,4,8,9,10,11. Here we identify two distinct influences of Arctic warming which may lead to cold winters over East Asia or North America, based on observational analyses and extensive climate model results. We find that severe winters across East Asia are associated with anomalous warmth in the Barents–Kara Sea region, whereas severe winters over North America are related to anomalous warmth in the East Siberian–Chukchi Sea region. Each regional warming over the Arctic Ocean is accompanied by the local development of an anomalous anticyclone and the downstream development of a mid-latitude trough. The resulting northerly flow of cold air provides favourable conditions for severe winters in East Asia or North America. These links between Arctic and mid-latitude weather are also robustly found in idealized climate model experiments and CMIP5 multi-model simulations. We suggest that our results may help improve seasonal prediction of winter weather and extreme events in these regions.