Institution
University of Gothenburg
Education•Gothenburg, Sweden•
About: University of Gothenburg is a education organization based out in Gothenburg, Sweden. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 23855 authors who have published 65241 publications receiving 2606327 citations. The organization is also known as: Göteborg University & Gothenburg University.
Topics: Population, Poison control, Health care, Implant, Dementia
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
••
Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute1, Laboratory of Molecular Biology2, Papworth Hospital3, European Bioinformatics Institute4, Colorado State University5, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill6, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute7, University of Queensland8, Boston Children's Hospital9, Queen's University Belfast10, Queensland University of Technology11, National Health Service12, Cardiff University13, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust14, University of Oxford15, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust16, University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust17, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary18, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust19, Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospital NHS Trust20, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust21, Aarhus University Hospital22, University of Gothenburg23, University of Copenhagen24, Statens Serum Institut25, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde26, Barts Health NHS Trust27, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust28, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust29, University of Cambridge30, Western General Hospital31, Radboud University Nijmegen32
TL;DR: Using whole-genome analysis of a global collection of clinical isolates, it is shown that the majority of M. abscessus infections are acquired through transmission, potentially via fomites and aerosols, of recently emerged dominant circulating clones that have spread globally.
Abstract: Lung infections with Mycobacterium abscessus, a species of multidrug-resistant nontuberculous mycobacteria, are emerging as an important global threat to individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF), in whom M. abscessus accelerates inflammatory lung damage, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. Previously, M. abscessus was thought to be independently acquired by susceptible individuals from the environment. However, using whole-genome analysis of a global collection of clinical isolates, we show that the majority of M. abscessus infections are acquired through transmission, potentially via fomites and aerosols, of recently emerged dominant circulating clones that have spread globally. We demonstrate that these clones are associated with worse clinical outcomes, show increased virulence in cell-based and mouse infection models, and thus represent an urgent international infection challenge.
396 citations
••
TL;DR: These results argue that the exosomal shuttle of RNA is involved in cell-to-cell communication, by influencing the response of recipient cells to an external stress stimulus.
Abstract: Exosomes are small extracellular nanovesicles of endocytic origin that mediate different signals between cells, by surface interactions and by shuttling functional RNA from one cell to another. Exosomes are released by many cells including mast cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, epithelial cells and tumour cells. Exosomes differ compared to their donor cells, not only in size, but also in their RNA, protein and lipid composition.
396 citations
••
TL;DR: The results suggest that the innate immune system may be involved in the vulnerability of the immature brain following the combination of infection and hypoxia–ischaemia and this effect could not be explained by a reduction in cerebral blood flow or hyperthermia.
Abstract: Epidemiological studies show a markedly increased risk of cerebral palsy following the combined exposure of infection and birth asphyxia. However, the underlying mechanisms of this increased vulnerability remain unclear. We have examined the effects of a low dose of bacterial endotoxin on hypoxic--ischaemic injury in the immature brain of rats. Bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide 0.3 mg/kg) was administered to 7-day-old rats 4 h prior to unilateral hypoxia--ischaemia and the neurological outcome was determined 3 days later. Rectal temperature and cerebral blood flow was measured during the study and the expression of CD14 and toll-like receptor-4 mRNA in the brain was examined. We found that a low dose of endotoxin dramatically sensitizes the immature brain to injury and induces cerebral infarction in response to short periods of hypoxia--ischaemia that by themselves caused no or little injury. This effect could not be explained by a reduction in cerebral blood flow or hyperthermia. In association with the sensitization of injury we found an altered expression of CD14 mRNA and toll-like receptor-4 mRNA in the brain. These results suggest that the innate immune system may be involved in the vulnerability of the immature brain following the combination of infection and hypoxia--ischaemia.
395 citations
••
TL;DR: The main result showed a significant large overall effect favoring exercise intervention, and exercise may be recommended for people with mild and moderate depression who are willing, motivated, and physically healthy enough to engage in such a program.
Abstract: Previous meta-analyses investigating the effect of exercise on depression have included trials where the control condition has been categorized as placebo despite the fact that this particular placebo intervention (e.g., meditation, relaxation) has been recognized as having an antidepressant effect. Because meditation and mindfulness-based interventions are associated with depression reduction, it is impossible to separate the effect of the physical exercise from the meditation-related parts. The present study determined the efficacy of exercise in reducing symptoms of depression compared with no treatment, placebo conditions or usual care among clinically defined depressed adults. Of 89 retrieved studies, 15 passed the inclusion criteria of which 13 studies presented sufficient information for calculating effect sizes. The main result showed a significant large overall effect favoring exercise intervention. The effect size was even larger when only trials that had used no treatment or placebo conditions were analyzed. Nevertheless, effect size was reduced to a moderate level when only studies with high methodological quality were included in the analysis. Exercise may be recommended for people with mild and moderate depression who are willing, motivated, and physically healthy enough to engage in such a program.
395 citations
••
TL;DR: This trial has confirmed in a randomized, double-blind setting previously uncontrolled observations that most people with epilepsy will respond to their first-ever antiepileptic drug at low dosage and produced equivalent seizure freedom rates in newly diagnosed epilepsy.
Abstract: Objective: We report the results of a prospective study of the efficacy and tolerability of levetiracetam, a new antiepileptic drug with a unique mechanism of action, in comparison with controlled-release carbamazepine as first treatment in newly diagnosed epilepsy. Methods: Adults with ≥2 partial or generalized tonic–clonic seizures in the previous year were randomly assigned to levetiracetam (500 mg twice daily, n = 288) or controlled-release carbamazepine (200 mg twice daily, n = 291) in a multicenter, double-blind, noninferiority, parallel-group trial. If a seizure occurred within 26 weeks of stabilization, dosage was increased incrementally to a maximum of levetiracetam 1,500 mg twice daily or carbamazepine 600 mg twice daily. Patients achieving the primary endpoint (6-month seizure freedom) continued on treatment for a further 6-month maintenance period. Results: At per-protocol analysis, 73.0% (56.6%) of patients randomized to levetiracetam and 72.8% (58.5%) receiving controlled-release carbamazepine were seizure free at the last evaluated dose (adjusted absolute difference 0.2%, 95% CI −7.8% to 8.2%) for ≥6 months (1 year). Of all patients achieving 6-month (1-year) remission, 80.1% (86.0%) in the levetiracetam group and 85.4% (89.3%) in the carbamazepine group did so at the lowest dose level. Withdrawal rates for adverse events were 14.4% with levetiracetam and 19.2% with carbamazepine. Conclusions: Levetiracetam and controlled-release carbamazepine produced equivalent seizure freedom rates in newly diagnosed epilepsy at optimal dosing in a setting mimicking clinical practice. This trial has confirmed in a randomized, double-blind setting previously uncontrolled observations that most people with epilepsy will respond to their first-ever antiepileptic drug at low dosage.
395 citations
Authors
Showing all 24120 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Peter J. Barnes | 194 | 1530 | 166618 |
Luigi Ferrucci | 193 | 1601 | 181199 |
Richard H. Friend | 169 | 1182 | 140032 |
Napoleone Ferrara | 167 | 494 | 140647 |
Timothy A. Springer | 167 | 669 | 122421 |
Anders Björklund | 165 | 769 | 84268 |
Hua Zhang | 163 | 1503 | 116769 |
Kaj Blennow | 160 | 1845 | 116237 |
Leif Groop | 158 | 919 | 136056 |
Tomas Hökfelt | 158 | 1033 | 95979 |
Johan G. Eriksson | 156 | 1257 | 123325 |
Naveed Sattar | 155 | 1326 | 116368 |
Paul Elliott | 153 | 773 | 103839 |
Claude Bouchard | 153 | 1076 | 115307 |
Hakon Hakonarson | 152 | 968 | 101604 |