University of Grenoble

About: University of Grenoble is a education organization based out in Saint-Martin-d'Hères, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Large Hadron Collider. The organization has 25658 authors who have published 45143 publications receiving 909760 citations.

A unified connectomic target for deep brain stimulation in obsessive-compulsive disorder

Abstract: Multiple surgical targets for treating obsessive-compulsive disorder with deep brain stimulation (DBS) have been proposed. However, different targets may modulate the same neural network responsible for clinical improvement. We analyzed data from four cohorts of patients (N = 50) that underwent DBS to the anterior limb of the internal capsule (ALIC), the nucleus accumbens or the subthalamic nucleus (STN). The same fiber bundle was associated with optimal clinical response in cohorts targeting either structure. This bundle connected frontal regions to the STN. When informing the tract target based on the first cohort, clinical improvements in the second could be significantly predicted, and vice versa. To further confirm results, clinical improvements in eight patients from a third center and six patients from a fourth center were significantly predicted based on their stimulation overlap with this tract. Our results show that connectivity-derived models may inform clinical improvements across DBS targets, surgeons and centers. The identified tract target is openly available in atlas form. Li et al. analyzed structural connectivity of deep brain stimulation electrodes in 50 patients suffering from obsessive-compulsive disorder operated at four centers. Connectivity to a specific tract within the anterior limb of the internal capsule was associated with optimal treatment response across cohorts, surgeons and centers.

Search for Higgs boson pair production in the γ γ bb¯ final state with 13 TeV pp collision data collected by the ATLAS experiment

Abstract: A search is performed for resonant and non-resonant Higgs boson pair production in the $ \upgamma \upgamma b\overline{b} $ final state. The data set used corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb$^{−1}$ of proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. No significant excess relative to the Standard Model expectation is observed. The observed limit on the non-resonant Higgs boson pair cross-section is 0.73 pb at 95% confidence level. This observed limit is equivalent to 22 times the predicted Standard Model cross-section. The Higgs boson self-coupling (κ$_{λ}$ = λ$_{HHH}$/λ$_{HHH}^{SM}$ ) is constrained at 95% confidence level to −8.2 < κ$_{λ}$ < 13.2. For resonant Higgs boson pair production through $ X\to HH\to \upgamma \upgamma b\overline{b} $ , the limit is presented, using the narrow-width approximation, as a function of m$_{X}$ in the range 260 GeV < m$_{X}$ < 1000 GeV. The observed limits range from 1.1 pb to 0.12 pb over this mass range.

Wiring of Photosystem II to Hydrogenase for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Abstract: In natural photosynthesis, light is used for the production of chemical energy carriers to fuel biological activity. The re-engineering of natural photosynthetic pathways can provide inspiration for sustainable fuel production and insights for understanding the process itself. Here, we employ a semiartificial approach to study photobiological water splitting via a pathway unavailable to nature: the direct coupling of the water oxidation enzyme, photosystem II, to the H2 evolving enzyme, hydrogenase. Essential to this approach is the integration of the isolated enzymes into the artificial circuit of a photoelectrochemical cell. We therefore developed a tailor-made hierarchically structured indium–tin oxide electrode that gives rise to the excellent integration of both photosystem II and hydrogenase for performing the anodic and cathodic half-reactions, respectively. When connected together with the aid of an applied bias, the semiartificial cell demonstrated quantitative electron flow from photosystem II t...

The evening complex coordinates environmental and endogenous signals in Arabidopsis

Abstract: Plants maximize their fitness by adjusting their growth and development in response to signals such as light and temperature. The circadian clock provides a mechanism for plants to anticipate events such as sunrise and adjust their transcriptional programmes. However, the underlying mechanisms by which plants coordinate environmental signals with endogenous pathways are not fully understood. Using RNA-sequencing and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing experiments, we show that the evening complex (EC) of the circadian clock plays a major role in directly coordinating the expression of hundreds of key regulators of photosynthesis, the circadian clock, phytohormone signalling, growth and response to the environment. We find that the ability of the EC to bind targets genome-wide depends on temperature. In addition, co-occurrence of phytochrome B (phyB) at multiple sites where the EC is bound provides a mechanism for integrating environmental information. Hence, our results show that the EC plays a central role in coordinating endogenous and environmental signals in Arabidopsis.