University of Grenoble

About: University of Grenoble is a education organization based out in Saint-Martin-d'Hères, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Large Hadron Collider. The organization has 25658 authors who have published 45143 publications receiving 909760 citations.

Measurement of hard double-parton interactions in W(-> lv) plus 2-jet events at root s=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Abstract: The production of W bosons in association with two jets in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of root s = 7 TeV has been analysed for the presence of double-parton interactions using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36 pb(-1), collected with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The fraction of events arising from double-parton interactions, f(DP)((D)), has been measured through the p(T) balance between the two jets and amounts to f(DP)((D)) = 0.08 +/- 0.01 (stat.) +/- 0.02 (sys.) for jets with transverse momentum p(T) > 20 GeV and rapidity vertical bar y vertical bar < 2.8. This corresponds to a measurement of the effective area parameter for hard double-parton interactions of sigma(eff) = 15 +/- 3 (stat.)(-3)(+5) (sys.) mb.

Combination of the top-quark mass measurements from the Tevatron collider

Abstract: We thank the Fermilab staff and technical staffs of the participating institutions for their vital contributions and acknowledge support from the DOE and NSF (USA), ARC (Australia), CNPq, FAPERJ, FAPESP, and FUNDUNESP (Brazil), NSERC (Canada), NSC, CAS, and CNSF (China), Colciencias (Colombia), MSMT and GACR (Czech Republic), the Academy of Finland, CEA, and CNRS/IN2P3 (France), BMBF and DFG (Germany), DAE and DST (India), SFI (Ireland), INFN (Italy), MEXT (Japan), the Korean World Class University Program and NRF (Korea), CONACyT (Mexico), FOM (Netherlands), MON, NRC KI, and RFBR (Russia), the Slovak R&D Agency, the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacio´n, and Programa Consolider-Ingenio 2010 (Spain), The Swedish Research Council (Sweden), SNSF (Switzerland), STFC and the Royal Society (United Kingdom), and the A. P. Sloan Foundation (USA).

Linear Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents Are Associated With Brain Gadolinium Retention in Healthy Rats.

Abstract: T1 hypersignal associated with cumulated administration of some but not all gadolinium-based contrast agents or GBCAs has been reported in numerous retrospective clinical studies since the seminal article by Kanda et al in 2014.1–15 It is now widely recognized that the T1 hypersignal observed in the dentate nucleus and globus pallidus after repeated administration of some GBCAs is associated with Gd accumulation in these areas.3,6 It has been suggested that the molecular structure of the GBCA may play a role in brain retention.5,9,15–19 Studies in rodents,20,21 human serum,22 and bone specimens23 are consistent with gradual linear GBCA dissociation in decreasing order according to chelate stability. Macrocyclic chelates are more stable than ionic linear chelates, which are more stable than nonionic linear chelates. Stojanov et al12 recently reported on 56 patients with a significant increase in the signal intensity ratios for globus pallidus/thalamus and dentate nucleus/pons after multiple administrations of the macrocyclic GBCA gadobutrol. However, this study has methodological limitations12,24,25 and was not confirmed by a recent study performed in 30 patients (no T1 signal increases in the dentate nucleus or in the globus pallidus after serial administrations of gadobutrol).15 As in the case of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis, the hypothesis of a relationship between the molecular structure and the effect is emerging,18,19 and requires in-depth studies. In a recent nonclinical study,16,26 healthy rats received 20 intravenous injections of 0.6 mmol of gadolinium (Gd) per kilogram (ie, a cumulated dose of 12 mmol Gd/kg over 5 weeks) of gadodiamide (Omniscan), gadoterate meglumine (Dotarem), or hyperosmolar saline (control group, iso-osmolar to the gadoterate solution). Brain T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed before and once a week during the 5 weeks of injections and for 5 additional weeks (treatment-free period). In this study, significant and persistent T1 signal hyperintensity in deep cerebellar nuclei (DCN) was observed only in gadodiamide-treated rats. In addition, while no Gd was found in the plasma of rats at completion of the treatment-free period, the total Gd concentration was significantly higher (in the cerebral cortex, subcortical brain, and cerebellum) in gadodiamide-treated rats than gadoterate-treated rats (where only traces of Gd were found). McDonald et al6 reported that, in the globus pallidus, thalamus, dentate nucleus, and pons of autopsy specimens, a cumulated gadodiamide dose correlated with (a) total Gd concentration and (b) the percentage of change in the precontrast T1 signal. Kanda et al3 found total Gd in brain tissues (obtained at autopsy) of 5 subjects who received a linear GBCA (+ gadoteridol in two cases).3 The concentration of total Gd was higher in the dentate nucleus and globus pallidus (ie, regions associated with T1 hypersignal) than that in other brain regions. Taken together, these results are consistent with the accumulation of Gd in selected brain areas, which are associated with T1-weighted hypersignal both in patients and in rats. The study of the various molecular categories of GBCAs,20,27,28 including variable not necessary stabilities (kinetic and thermodynamic) and systemic biodistribution (protein binding and/or hepatic uptake) in rigorous and similar experimental conditions, is a crucial prerequisite for further mechanistic investigations of GBCA-induced T1 hypersignal. The aim of the present study was therefore to compare the effect of 2 linear and ionic GBCAs, gadopentetate dimeglumine (Magnevist®) and gadobenate dimeglumine (MultiHance®) (the latter being characterized by a weak binding to proteins28), the linear and nonionic GBCA gadodiamide (Omniscan®), and the ionic and macrocyclic GBCA gadoterate meglumine (Dotarem®) on the T1 signal in DCN (including the dentate nucleus) of rats.

The Bethe–Salpeter equation in chemistry: relations with TD-DFT, applications and challenges

Abstract: We review the many-body Green's function Bethe–Salpeter equation (BSE) formalism that is rapidly gaining importance for the study of the optical properties of molecular organic systems. We emphasize in particular its similarities and differences with time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT), both methods sharing the same formal (N4) computing time scaling with system size. By comparison with higher level wavefunction based methods and experimental results, the advantages of BSE over TD-DFT are presented, including an accurate description of charge-transfer states and an improved accuracy for the challenging cyanine dyes. We further discuss the models that have been developed for including environmental effects. Finally, we summarize the challenges to be faced so that BSE reaches the same popularity as TD-DFT.

The 2016 Signal Separation Evaluation Campaign

Abstract: In this paper, we report the results of the 2016 community-based Signal Separation Evaluation Campaign (SiSEC 2016). This edition comprises four tasks. Three focus on the separation of speech and music audio recordings, while one concerns biomedical signals. We summarize these tasks and the performance of the submitted systems, as well as provide a small discussion concerning future trends of SiSEC.