scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Institution

University of Groningen

EducationGroningen, Groningen, Netherlands
About: University of Groningen is a education organization based out in Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 36346 authors who have published 69116 publications receiving 2940370 citations. The organization is also known as: Rijksuniversiteit Groningen & RUG.


Papers
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Jan Drenth1, J.N. Jansonius1, R. Koekoek1, H. M. Swen1, B.G. Wolthers1 
08 Jun 1968-Nature
TL;DR: A three-dimensional X-ray study at a resolution of 2.8 A has revealed that the single polypeptide chain of 211 residues is folded into two distinct parts which are divided by a cleft as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: A three-dimensional X-ray study at a resolution of 2.8 A has revealed that the single polypeptide chain of 211 residues is folded into two distinct parts which are divided by a cleft. The active site, consisting of a cysteine and a histidine, lies at the surface of the cleft. Apart from four short α-helical segments and one short segment of β-structure, the conformation of the chain is irregular.

450 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Molecular dynamics simulations of the magainin MG-H2 peptide interacting with a model phospholipid membrane have been used to investigate the mechanism by which antimicrobial peptides act.
Abstract: Molecular dynamics simulations of the magainin MG-H2 peptide interacting with a model phospholipid membrane have been used to investigate the mechanism by which antimicrobial peptides act. Multiple copies of the peptide were randomly placed in solution close to the membrane. The peptide readily bound to the membrane, and above a certain concentration, the peptide was observed to cooperatively induce the formation of a nanometer-sized, toroidally shaped pore in the bilayer. In sharp contrast with the commonly accepted model of a toroidal pore, only one peptide was typically found near the center of the pore. The remaining peptides lay close to the edge of the pore, maintaining a predominantly parallel orientation with respect to the membrane.

450 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review summarizes recent advances in colloid and surface science regarding the electrokinetic characterization of biological colloids, most notably bacteria, and their electric double layer interactions with surfaces.

449 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The maximum likelihood method revealed that the underlying local dose-effect relation for radiation pneumonitis was linear (the MLD model), rather than a step function (the V(Dth) model), Thus, for the studied patient population, the MLD was the most accurate predictor for the incidence of radiation pneumOnitis.
Abstract: Purpose: To compare different normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) models to predict the incidence of radiation pneumonitis on the basis of the dose distribution in the lung. Methods and Materials: The data from 382 breast cancer, malignant lymphoma, and inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer patients from two centers were studied. Radiation pneumonitis was scored using the Southwestern Oncology Group criteria. Dose-volume histograms of the lungs were calculated from the dose distributions that were corrected for dose per fraction effects. The dose-volume histogram of each patient was reduced to a single parameter using different local dose-effect relationships. Examples of single parameters were the mean lung dose (MLD) and the volume of lung receiving more than a threshold dose (V Dth ). The parameters for the different NTCP models were fit to patient data using a maximum likelihood analysis. Results: The best fit resulted in a linear local dose-effect relationship, with the MLD as the resulting single parameter. The relationship between the MLD and NTCP could be described with a median toxic dose (TD 50 ) of 30.8 Gy and a steepness parameter m of 0.37. The best fit for the relationship between the V Dth and the NTCP was obtained with a D th of 13 Gy. The MLD model was found to be significantly better than the V Dth model ( p 35%. For arbitrary dose distributions, an estimate of the uncertainty in the NTCP could be determined using the probability distribution of the parameter values of the Lyman-Kutcher-Burman model. Conclusion: The maximum likelihood method revealed that the underlying local dose-effect relation for radiation pneumonitis was linear (the MLD model), rather than a step function (the V Dth model). Thus, for the studied patient population, the MLD was the most accurate predictor for the incidence of radiation pneumonitis.

449 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The aim was to supplement the available data by collecting a large and diverse sample of newborns from different geographical areas and ethnic groups, and to examine international variations in the distribution of the 677C>T allele.
Abstract: Since its biochemical characterisation in 19911 and its genetic identification in 1995,2 677C>T allele (T allele) of the 5,10 methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase ( MTHFR ) gene has been a focus of increasing interest from researchers world wide. The expanding spectrum of common conditions linked with the 677C>T allele now includes certain adverse birth outcomes (including birth defects), pregnancy complications, cancers, adult cardiovascular diseases, and psychiatric disorders.3–8 Although several of these associations remain unconfirmed or controversial,4 their scope is such that it becomes of interest to explore the geographical and ethnic distribution of the allele and associated genotypes.9 Accurate information on such distribution can contribute to studies of gene-disease associations (by providing reference population data) and population genetics (by highlighting geographical and ethnic variations suggestive of evolutionary pressures),10 as well as help to evaluate health impact (by allowing estimates of population attributable fraction). Current population data, however, show gaps and even for some ethnic groups or large geographical areas (for example, China) few data are available.3 Our aim was to supplement the available data by collecting a large and diverse sample of newborns from different geographical areas and ethnic groups, and to examine international variations in the distribution of the 677C>T allele. We present findings relating to more than 7000 newborns from 16 areas around the world. The study was conducted under the auspices of the International Clearinghouse for Birth Defect Monitoring Systems (ICBDMS) and was coordinated through its head office, the International Center on Birth Defects (ICBD). ### Sample selection Participating programmes, in consultation with the coordinating group, identified a population sampling approach that would be simple yet minimise sampling bias with respect to the MTHFR genotype. We made an explicit attempt to sample systematically the newborn population. Details of each programme’s approach are listed below, and further …

448 citations


Authors

Showing all 36692 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Ronald C. Kessler2741332328983
Nicholas J. Wareham2121657204896
André G. Uitterlinden1991229156747
Lei Jiang1702244135205
Brenda W.J.H. Penninx1701139119082
Richard H. Friend1691182140032
Panos Deloukas162410154018
Jerome I. Rotter1561071116296
Christopher M. Dobson1501008105475
Dirk Inzé14964774468
Scott T. Weiss147102574742
Dieter Lutz13967167414
Wilmar B. Schaufeli13751395718
Cisca Wijmenga13666886572
Arnold B. Bakker135506103778
Network Information
Related Institutions (5)
University of Amsterdam
140.8K papers, 5.9M citations

98% related

Utrecht University
139.3K papers, 6.2M citations

97% related

University of Manchester
168K papers, 6.4M citations

94% related

Katholieke Universiteit Leuven
176.5K papers, 6.2M citations

94% related

University College London
210.6K papers, 9.8M citations

94% related

Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023166
2022543
20214,487
20203,990
20193,283
20182,836