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Institution

University of Groningen

EducationGroningen, Groningen, Netherlands
About: University of Groningen is a education organization based out in Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 36346 authors who have published 69116 publications receiving 2940370 citations. The organization is also known as: Rijksuniversiteit Groningen & RUG.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Extended sources of far-infrared emission superposed on the zodiacal and galactic backgrounds are found at high galactic latitudes and near the ecliptic plane as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Extended sources of far-infrared emission superposed on the zodiacal and galactic backgrounds are found at high galactic latitudes and near the ecliptic plane. Clouds of interstellar dust at color temperatures as high as 35 K account for much of this complex structure, but the relationship to H I column density is not simple. Other features of the extended emission show the existence of warm structures within the solar system. Three bands of dust clouds at temperatures of 150-200 K appear within 10 deg on both sides of the ecliptic plane. Their ecliptic latitudes and derived distances suggest that they are associated with the main asteroid belt. A third component of the 100-micron cirrus, poorly correlated with H I, may represent cold material in the outer solar system or a new component of the interstellar medium.

448 citations

Proceedings ArticleDOI
19 Apr 2016
TL;DR: The authors compared bi-LSTMs with word, character, and unicode byte embeddings for POS tagging and showed that biLSTM is less sensitive to training data size and label corruptions than previously assumed.
Abstract: Bidirectional long short-term memory (biLSTM) networks have recently proven successful for various NLP sequence modeling tasks, but little is known about their reliance to input representations, target languages, data set size, and label noise. We address these issues and evaluate bi-LSTMs with word, character, and unicode byte embeddings for POS tagging. We compare bi-LSTMs to traditional POS taggers across languages and data sizes. We also present a novel biLSTM model, which combines the POS tagging loss function with an auxiliary loss function that accounts for rare words. The model obtains state-of-the-art performance across 22 languages, and works especially well for morphologically complex languages. Our analysis suggests that biLSTMs are less sensitive to training data size and label corruptions (at small noise levels) than previously assumed.

448 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
13 Jul 2017-Nature
TL;DR: The results of this study suggest that high-resolution fine-mapping in large samples can convert many discoveries from genome-wide association studies into statistically convincing causal variants, providing a powerful substrate for experimental elucidation of disease mechanisms.
Abstract: Inflammatory bowel diseases are chronic gastrointestinal inflammatory disorders that affect millions of people worldwide. Genome-wide association studies have identified 200 inflammatory bowel disease-associated loci, but few have been conclusively resolved to specific functional variants. Here we report fine-mapping of 94 inflammatory bowel disease loci using high-density genotyping in 67,852 individuals. We pinpoint 18 associations to a single causal variant with greater than 95% certainty, and an additional 27 associations to a single variant with greater than 50% certainty. These 45 variants are significantly enriched for protein-coding changes (n = 13), direct disruption of transcription-factor binding sites (n = 3), and tissue-specific epigenetic marks (n = 10), with the last category showing enrichment in specific immune cells among associations stronger in Crohn's disease and in gut mucosa among associations stronger in ulcerative colitis. The results of this study suggest that high-resolution fine-mapping in large samples can convert many discoveries from genome-wide association studies into statistically convincing causal variants, providing a powerful substrate for experimental elucidation of disease mechanisms.

447 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Tuomas O. Kilpeläinen1, Lu Qi2, Soren Brage1, Stephen J. Sharp1, Emily Sonestedt3, Ellen W. Demerath4, Tariq Ahmad5, Samia Mora2, Marika Kaakinen6, Camilla H. Sandholt7, Christina Holzapfel8, Christine S. Autenrieth, Elina Hyppönen9, Stéphane Cauchi, Meian He2, Zoltán Kutalik10, Meena Kumari9, Alena Stančáková11, Karina Meidtner, Beverley Balkau, Jonathan T. Tan12, Massimo Mangino13, Nicholas J. Timpson14, Yiqing Song2, M. Carola Zillikens, Kathleen A. Jablonski15, Melissa E. Garcia16, Stefan Johansson17, Jennifer L. Bragg-Gresham18, Ying Wu19, Jana V. van Vliet-Ostaptchouk20, N. Charlotte Onland-Moret21, Esther Zimmermann22, Natalia V. Rivera23, Toshiko Tanaka16, Heather M. Stringham18, Günther Silbernagel24, Stavroula Kanoni25, Mary F. Feitosa26, Soren Snitker27, Jonatan R. Ruiz28, Jeffery Metter16, María Teresa Martínez Larrad29, Mustafa Atalay11, Maarit Hakanen30, Najaf Amin23, Christine Cavalcanti-Proença, Anders Grøntved31, Göran Hallmans32, John-Olov Jansson33, Johanna Kuusisto11, Mika Kähönen, Pamela L. Lutsey4, John J. Nolan22, Luigi Palla1, Oluf Pedersen22, Louis Pérusse34, Frida Renström32, Robert A. Scott1, Dmitry Shungin32, Ulla Sovio35, Tuija Tammelin, Tapani Rönnemaa30, Timo A. Lakka11, Matti Uusitupa11, Manuel Serrano Ríos29, Luigi Ferrucci16, Claude Bouchard36, Aline Meirhaeghe37, Mao Fu27, Mark Walker38, Ingrid B. Borecki26, George Dedoussis25, Andreas Fritsche24, Claes Ohlsson33, Michael Boehnke18, Stefania Bandinelli, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Shah Ebrahim35, Debbie A Lawlor14, Vilmundur Gudnason39, Tamara B. Harris16, Thorkild I. A. Sørensen22, Karen L. Mohlke19, Albert Hofman23, André G. Uitterlinden23, Jaakko Tuomilehto40, Terho Lehtimäki, Olli T. Raitakari30, Bo Isomaa, Pål R. Njølstad17, Jose C. Florez41, Simin Liu42, Andy R Ness14, Tim D. Spector13, E. Shyong Tai12, Philippe Froguel43, Heiner Boeing, Markku Laakso11, Michael Marmot9, Sven Bergmann10, Chris Power9, Kay-Tee Khaw44, Daniel I. Chasman2, Paul M. Ridker2, Torben Hansen31, Keri L. Monda19, Thomas Illig, Marjo-Riitta Järvelin45, Nicholas J. Wareham1, Frank B. Hu2, Leif Groop3, Marju Orho-Melander3, Ulf Ekelund1, Paul W. Franks32, Ruth J. F. Loos1 
TL;DR: In this paper, a meta-analysis of data from 45 studies of adults and nine studies of children and adolescents was conducted to confirm or refute unambiguously whether physical activity attenuates the association of FTO with obesity risk.
Abstract: Background: The FTO gene harbors the strongest known susceptibility locus for obesity. While many individual studies have suggested that physical activity (PA) may attenuate the effect of FTO on obesity risk, other studies have not been able to confirm this interaction. To confirm or refute unambiguously whether PA attenuates the association of FTO with obesity risk, we meta-analyzed data from 45 studies of adults (n=218,166) and nine studies of children and adolescents (n=19,268). Methods and Findings: All studies identified to have data on the FTO rs9939609 variant (or any proxy [r(2)>0.8]) and PA were invited to participate, regardless of ethnicity or age of the participants. PA was standardized by categorizing it into a dichotomous variable (physically inactive versus active) in each study. Overall, 25% of adults and 13% of children were categorized as inactive. Interaction analyses were performed within each study by including the FTOxPA interaction term in an additive model, adjusting for age and sex. Subsequently, random effects meta-analysis was used to pool the interaction terms. In adults, the minor (A-) allele of rs9939609 increased the odds of obesity by 1.23-fold/allele (95% CI 1.20-1.26), but PA attenuated this effect (p(interaction) = 0.001). More specifically, the minor allele of rs9939609 increased the odds of obesity less in the physically active group (odds ratio = 1.22/allele, 95% CI 1.19-1.25) than in the inactive group (odds ratio = 1.30/allele, 95% CI 1.24-1.36). No such interaction was found in children and adolescents. Conclusions: The association of the FTO risk allele with the odds of obesity is attenuated by 27% in physically active adults, highlighting the importance of PA in particular in those genetically predisposed to obesity.

447 citations


Authors

Showing all 36692 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Ronald C. Kessler2741332328983
Nicholas J. Wareham2121657204896
André G. Uitterlinden1991229156747
Lei Jiang1702244135205
Brenda W.J.H. Penninx1701139119082
Richard H. Friend1691182140032
Panos Deloukas162410154018
Jerome I. Rotter1561071116296
Christopher M. Dobson1501008105475
Dirk Inzé14964774468
Scott T. Weiss147102574742
Dieter Lutz13967167414
Wilmar B. Schaufeli13751395718
Cisca Wijmenga13666886572
Arnold B. Bakker135506103778
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023166
2022543
20214,487
20203,990
20193,283
20182,836