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Showing papers by "University of Guelph published in 1968"



Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Bovine spermatozoa from one ejaculate from nine bulls, extended in milk and 10% glycerol, were frozen in glass ampules and a split sample technique was used to compare fertility levels resulting from semen deposition 4, 8, and 12 cm anterior to the external uterine orifice.

39 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of feeding raw soybeans on milk yield, gross composition of milk, component fatty acids of milk fat, free fatty acids, and volatile fatty acids and long chain fatty acid of rumen fluid of Holstein cows were evaluated.

32 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The performance of growing chicks on a diet containing no added inorganic phosphate (42% corn and 40% soybean meal) was markedly increased when the diet was steam pelleted, and this was also true for rations containing wheat bran.

30 citations



Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Differences in walking patterns of 18 pecoran species belonging to four families are discussed with respect to anatomy and environment and variation in the walk patterns of members within a species is assessed.
Abstract: A method is presented for defining the walking gaits of quadrupeds from films so that they can be compared in closely related species. Differences in walking patterns of 18 pecoran species belonging to four families are discussed with respect to anatomy and environment. Variation in the walk patterns of members within a species are assessed. They are found to vary often with the speed at which the walk is executed, with the terrain, with the presence of heavy horns or antlers and with age. The time taken for one walking stride increases with the increase in length of the legs, but the legs swing forward more rapidly than they would if they acted passively like cylindrical pendulums.

25 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, surface and volume resistivities, charge generation by friction with nylon, poly ethylene and Teflon, and rates of decay of charge in air were determined for 29 fabrics at 25, 38, and 65% RH.
Abstract: Surface and volume resistivities, charge generation by friction with nylon, poly ethylene and Teflon, and rates of decay of charge in air were determined for 29 fabrics at 25, 38, and 65% RH. In addition, the coefficients of kinetic friction were determined at 65% RH. The initial charges generated were approximately the same for all the fabrics and were independent of relative humidity for the range used. However, these initial charges varied with the surfaces against which the fabrics rubbed, but the varia tion has no relationship to the coefficients of friction. For some of the fabrics, the decay curves (In voltage/time) were linear. However, for most of the fabrics, the decay curves were linear only after several minutes, and these curves are shown to be the sum of two linear components. Good correlation is shown to exist between the electrical resistivities and the rates of charge decay, especially at low values of relative humidity.

25 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The mycetomal micro-organisms of Sitophilus zea-mais give evidence in electron micrographs of having two peripheral unit membranes, an intermediate layer, intracytoplasmic membranes and DNA-like material.
Abstract: SUMMARY The mycetomal micro-organisms of Sitophilus zea-mais give evidence in electron micrographs of having two peripheral unit membranes, an intermediate layer, intracytoplasmic membranes and DNA-like material. They appear to disintegrate, at times, with the concomitant formation of membrane masses. It is suggested that these are visible with the phasemicroscope and that they are probably myelin figures.

22 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Trotting and galloping strides of various pecoran species are analysed from motion picture sequences and why a species uses one of these gaits when not closely pursued in preference to the other is discussed.
Abstract: Trotting and galloping strides of various pecoran species are analysed from motion picture sequences. Why a species uses one of these gaits when not closely pursued in preference to the other is discussed with reference to basic differences in the gaits, to the environment in which the animal lives and to the animal's size and possession of large horns or antlers.

20 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Although oxygen consumption is higher in queen larvae, caution is necessary in adopting absolute rates as indicator rates, and feeding royal jelly to worker larvae of the same age had no significant effect.
Abstract: SummaryThe dichotomy between queen and worker honeybee larvae with respect to oxygen consumption appeared at about 50 hours. It was characterized by a progressive increase in the rate of uptake (in μl/hr/mg) by queen larvae and a progressive decrease in the rate of uptake by worker larvae, that continued until about 72 hours. During this period oxygen uptake was sensitive to the influence of diet, royal jelly supporting a higher level than worker jelly in both queen and worker larvae. Worker jelly reduced the rate of increase in consumption by queen larvae, but royal jelly did not significantly retard the rate of decrease in worker larvae. Feeding worker jelly to queen larvae 72–96 hours old reduced their oxygen uptake, but feeding royal jelly to worker larvae of the same age had no significant effect. Oxygen consumption varied appreciably with season in queen larvae but not in worker larvae.Although oxygen consumption is higher in queen larvae, caution is necessary in adopting absolute rates as indicator...

18 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The improved production of to-day's laying hen has placed additional stress for egg shell formation on the bird with the net result that a continuation or an accentuation of the egg shell quality problem exists.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that insufficient aggregate non-farm demand for labor backs up labor in agriculture, and that because of a variety of impediments, the out-movement to nonfarm employment simply has not been fast enough.
Abstract: HE heavy incidence of low incomes in agriculture has been highlighted again by the recent report by the President's National Advisory Commission on Rural Poverty [9]. One of the solutions long advanced for the low-income problem among farm people is increased rates of transfer of labor from farm to nonfarm employment. This solution is still advanced as the most obvious one, even though the high exodus rates of the past apparently have not resulted in changing either the income distribution within agriculture or the relative income position of farm and nonfarm people [3, 4, 5]. Given the belief that high rates of labor mobility will tend to reduce both interarea and interpersonal income inequalities, how does one explain the lack of improvement in light of the rapid out-movement that has occurred? One explanation put forth has been that insufficient aggregate nonfarm demand for labor backs up labor in agriculture. A second explanation has been that, because of a variety of impediments, the out-movement to nonfarm employment simply has not been fast enough. Implicit in the model underlying these inferences are a number of assumptions:

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This article investigated the effects of instructions to mediate during learning and found that concrete pairs were better recalled than abstract nouns, but abstract words were better remembered than concrete words when using imaginal mediators.
Abstract: The effects of instructions to mediate during learning were investigated. 10 pairs of concrete or abstract nouns were presented aurally for 5 recall trials to 160 Ss. The pairs were learned under one of four instructional sets: (a) verbal, i.e., “make up a phrase including the pairs,” (b) imaginal, i.e., “make mental pictures of the pairs,” (c) verbal-imaginal, i.e., both verbal and imaginal sets were given, and (d) control (no set). The results showed that concrete pairs were better recalled than abstract; instructions to mediate facilitated learning; there was no difference among set conditions for concrete words but for abstract words the verbal set compared to the imaginal set and the control significantly facilitated learning. According to retrospective reports taken in post-session interview, Ss, in general, used imaginal mediators for learning of concrete nouns and verbal mediators for abstract nouns.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Standard plate counts were made of milk from individual cows, using samples taken from the pails after machine-milking with University-sanitized equipment, finding that the bacterial count had a higher mean and greater variability than is sometimes assumed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Indirect fluorescent-antibody studies showed that homologous anti-lactate dehydrogenase was taken up and accumulated, in an antigenically active form, within rabbit Vx-2 carcinoma cells, mouse Ehrlich carcinomas cells and BW5147 leukemic cells growing in vitro.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is standard practice to pellet and crumble chick diets before feeding to alter the physical form of the feed but the nature and extent of these changes depend on the type of feed and on the processing conditions used.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The transport of the synthetic auxin, picloram (4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid) was investigated in sections of petioles and stems of Phaseolus vulgaris L. and Coleus blumei Benth to show marked similarities to that of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid.
Abstract: The transport of the synthetic auxin, picloram (4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid) was investigated in sections of petioles of Phaseolus vulgaris L. and Coleus blumei Benth. and stems of Pisum sativum L. Transport of (14)C-picloram was basipolar in all tissues, although the degree of polarity was dependant on age. The velocity of picloram movement was calculated at between 0.75 and 1.11 mm/hr. The amount moved in a given time, the flux, was dependant on the concentration applied and the length of the sections used. Picloram did not appear to be metabolized by the tissues during the transport experiments. When compared to the movement of other growth regulators, picloram transport bears marked similarities to that of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Pressure-steam treatment of raw hoof and horn meal supports the contention that reduction of the large inherent quantities of molecular structure stabilizing cystine was a prerequisite to nutritional availability.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that by considering the dietary level of critical amino acids and their respective requirements, processed keratin meals can effectively be used in practical diets without detrimental effects.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Investigation of the effect of storage in the bulk-tank with alternate-day collection on Standard plate count of milk found preliminary incubation had a greater effect on the counts of milk that had been stored under refrigeration than on those of unstored milk.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the same millfeed fractions have been assayed for metabolizable energy and dry matter, and protein quality, and the results showed that wheat bran, shorts, red dog and germ from the 9 wheat samples used by Farrell et al. (1967) and processed by them as described in their report, were assayed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It would appear that within physical limits the turkey will vary feed intake to grow at comparable rates within reasonable calorie: protein ratios.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Preliminary incubation generally enhanced both the initial count and the increase in count at all stages of sampling, though in a very different way at each of the three centers under study.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The storage losses of vitamin C (expressed as a per cent of that present at the beginning of storage) for all plants after 4, 8, and 12 months at 21C averaged 11.4, 17.5, and 19.7%, respectively.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A review of the literature on phytin phosphorus utilization by Singsen and Nelson as discussed by the authors shows that the quantitative requirement of the chick for total inorganic phosphorus for growth is less than its requirement for satisfactory bone ash, but little or any can be used for bone ash.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Infective larvae of P. tenuis given orally to guineapigs, penetrated the stomach wall and reached the body cavity as mentioned in this paper, where they were overcome by the host in the mesentery, particularly the omentum.
Abstract: Infective larvae of P. tenuis given orally to guineapigs, penetrated the stomach wall and reached the body cavity. Some dispersed in the omentum extending along the greater curvature of the stomach. Others wandered into and through the liver. Some migrated through the diaphragm or along the mesentery ensheathing the hepatic vein and the vena cava. In the pleural cavity some penetrated the pericardium, and the pleura and parenchyma of the lungs. Numerous larvae were overcome by the host in the mesentery, particularly the omentum.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The millipore membrane count is a better method for determining somatic cells; significantly lower bacterial counts were obtained with it than the direct microscopic count; and the preservative had a marked adverse effect upon the stainability of bacteria independent of the method.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Giant-cell pneumonia in pigs with dermatosis vegetans and multinucleate giant cells appeared to arise from the vesicular alveolar septal cells and thus are of mesenchymal origin.
Abstract: Dermatosis vegetans (or vegetative dermatosis) in pigs was first reported in 1952 by HJARRE et al., who described the grossandmicroscopic lesions associated with it. Circumscribed cutaneous eruptions appeared during the first few days of life, became raised, expanded peripherally, and developed central encrustations of keratinized tissue and a reddened, edematous periphery. Affected piglets also had a derangement in the formation of the horn of the hoof and dew claw, consisting of discolored, irregular corrugations of the walls. Defective animals grew slowly and usually died within the first few weeks of life. Histologically, sections of lung from these animals were characterized by lymphocytic and histiocytic infiltration, proliferation of alveolar lining cells, and the formation of multinucleate giant cells. In 1953 HJARRE~ described further cases of this disease in Swedish Landrace pigs and LARSSONQ concluded that the disease was due to a simple autosomal recessive factor, which must be present in the homozygous state to produce the disease. FLATLA et al.3 described the occurrence of the disease, which they called ‘dermatosis vegetans’, in pigs in Norway and cited the presence of a giant-cell pneumonia as the most reliable criterion in the diagnosis of the disease. Dermatosis vegetans has been reported more recently in England2 and Canada* in pigs of the Landrace breed. In both reports definite relationships have been plotted between these swine and the Scandinavian animals.