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Institution

University of Guelph

EducationGuelph, Ontario, Canada
About: University of Guelph is a education organization based out in Guelph, Ontario, Canada. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 26542 authors who have published 50553 publications receiving 1715255 citations. The organization is also known as: U of G & Guelph University.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This study compiles over 7,000 field observations to present a data-driven map of northern peatlands and their carbon and nitrogen stocks, and uses machine-learning techniques with extensive peat core data to create observation-based maps ofNorthern peatland C and N stocks and to assess their response to warming and permafrost thaw.
Abstract: Northern peatlands have accumulated large stocks of organic carbon (C) and nitrogen (N), but their spatial distribution and vulnerability to climate warming remain uncertain. Here, we used machine-learning techniques with extensive peat core data (n > 7,000) to create observation-based maps of northern peatland C and N stocks, and to assess their response to warming and permafrost thaw. We estimate that northern peatlands cover 3.7 ± 0.5 million km2 and store 415 ± 150 Pg C and 10 ± 7 Pg N. Nearly half of the peatland area and peat C stocks are permafrost affected. Using modeled global warming stabilization scenarios (from 1.5 to 6 °C warming), we project that the current sink of atmospheric C (0.10 ± 0.02 Pg C⋅y-1) in northern peatlands will shift to a C source as 0.8 to 1.9 million km2 of permafrost-affected peatlands thaw. The projected thaw would cause peatland greenhouse gas emissions equal to ∼1% of anthropogenic radiative forcing in this century. The main forcing is from methane emissions (0.7 to 3 Pg cumulative CH4-C) with smaller carbon dioxide forcing (1 to 2 Pg CO2-C) and minor nitrous oxide losses. We project that initial CO2-C losses reverse after ∼200 y, as warming strengthens peatland C-sinks. We project substantial, but highly uncertain, additional losses of peat into fluvial systems of 10 to 30 Pg C and 0.4 to 0.9 Pg N. The combined gaseous and fluvial peatland C loss estimated here adds 30 to 50% onto previous estimates of permafrost-thaw C losses, with southern permafrost regions being the most vulnerable.

294 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Some of the data from the BBC Internet study were used to assess the universality of sex related spatial competencies, as these are described in the terms of Silverman and Eals’ (1992) hunter-gatherer theory of human spatial sex differences.
Abstract: This study used some of the data from the BBC Internet study to assess the universality of sex related spatial competencies, as these are described in the terms of Silverman and Eals’ (1992) hunter-gatherer theory of human spatial sex differences. As predicted, men scored significantly higher than women on a test of three-dimensional mental rotations in all seven ethnic groups and 40 countries used. Close to prediction, women scored significantly higher than men on a test of object location memory in all seven ethnic groups and 35 of the 40 countries. The data were discussed in terms of their implications for research approaches in this area and a paradigm for future studies was proposed, based on the interaction of innate and environmental factors in the ontogenetic development of spatial sex differences.

293 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the existing approaches to analyze data obtained from a check-all-that-apply (CATA) questionnaires is presented, which includes a generalization of Cochran's Q to test for product differences across all attributes, and a more informative penalty analysis.

293 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This Review focuses on the diverse constituents of green tea polyphenols and their molecular mechanisms from the perspective of their potential therapeutic function and recent advances on their bioavailability, bioaccessibility, and microbiota.
Abstract: Tea, leaf, or bud from the plant Camellia sinensis, make up some of the beverages popularly consumed in different parts of the world as green tea, oolong tea, or black tea. More particularly, as a nonfermented tea, green tea has gained more renown because of the significant health benefits assigned to its rich content in polyphenols. As a main constituent, green tea polyphenols were documented for their antioxidant, anti-inflammation, anticancer, anticardiovascular, antimicrobial, antihyperglycemic, and antiobesity properties. Recent reports demonstrate that green tea may exert a positive effect on the reduction of medical chronic conditions such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and diabetes. The health benefits of green teas, in particular EGCG, are widely investigated, and these effects are known to be primarily associated with the structure and compositions of its polyphenols. This Review focuses on the diverse constituents of green tea polyphenols and their molecular mechanisms from the perspective of their potential therapeutic function. Recent advances of green tea polyphenols on their bioavailability, bioaccessibility, and microbiota were also summarized in this article. Dietary supplementation with green tea represents an attractive alternative toward promoting human health.

293 citations


Authors

Showing all 26778 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Dirk Inzé14964774468
Norbert Perrimon13861073505
Bobby Samir Acharya1331121100545
Eduardo Marbán12957949586
Benoît Roux12049362215
Fereidoon Shahidi11995157796
Stephen Safe11678460588
Mark A. Tarnopolsky11564442501
Robert C. Haddon11257752712
Milton H. Saier11170754496
Hans J. Vogel111126062846
Paul D. N. Hebert11153766288
Peter T. Katzmarzyk11061856484
John Campbell107115056067
Linda F. Nazar10631852092
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202368
2022391
20212,574
20202,547
20192,264
20182,155