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Institution

University of Hamburg

EducationHamburg, Germany
About: University of Hamburg is a education organization based out in Hamburg, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Laser. The organization has 45564 authors who have published 89286 publications receiving 2850161 citations. The organization is also known as: Hamburg University.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An overview of the present state of the art, bottlenecks, and perspectives of cardiac tissue engineering for cardiac repair and in vitro testing is given.
Abstract: The engineering of 3-dimensional (3D) heart muscles has undergone exciting progress for the past decade. Profound advances in human stem cell biology and technology, tissue engineering and material sciences, as well as prevascularization and in vitro assay technologies make the first clinical application of engineered cardiac tissues a realistic option and predict that cardiac tissue engineering techniques will find widespread use in the preclinical research and drug development in the near future. Tasks that need to be solved for this purpose include standardization of human myocyte production protocols, establishment of simple methods for the in vitro vascularization of 3D constructs and better maturation of myocytes, and, finally, thorough definition of the predictive value of these methods for preclinical safety pharmacology. The present article gives an overview of the present state of the art, bottlenecks, and perspectives of cardiac tissue engineering for cardiac repair and in vitro testing.

381 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Large series suggest that lamotrigine is the most effective preventive agent, with topiramate and gabapentin also being useful in treatment of SUNCT syndrome, and surgical procedures, although in part promising, require further scientific evaluation.
Abstract: Cluster headache and the other trigeminal-autonomic cephalalgias [paroxysmal hemicrania, short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks with conjunctival injection and tearing (SUNCT) syndrome] are rare but very disabling conditions with a major impact on the patient's quality of life. The objective of this study was to give evidence-based recommendations for the treatment of these headache disorders based on a literature search and consensus amongst a panel of experts. All available medical reference systems were screened for any kind of studies on cluster headache, paroxysmal hemicrania and SUNCT syndrome. The findings in these studies were evaluated according to the recommendations of the European Federation of Neurological Societies resulting in level A, B or C recommendations and good practice points. For the acute treatment of cluster headache attacks, oxygen (100%) with a flow of at least 7 l/min over 15 min and 6 mg subcutaneous sumatriptan are drugs of first choice. Prophylaxis of cluster headache should be performed with verapamil at a daily dose of at least 240 mg (maximum dose depends on efficacy or tolerability). Although no class I or II trials are available, steroids are clearly effective in cluster headache. Therefore, the use of at least 100 mg methylprednisone (or equivalent corticosteroid) given orally or at up to 500 mg i.v. per day over 5 days (then tapering down) is recommended. Methysergide, lithium and topiramate are recommended as alternative treatments. Surgical procedures, although in part promising, require further scientific evaluation. For paroxysmal hemicranias, indomethacin at a daily dose of up to 225 mg is the drug of choice. For treatment of SUNCT syndrome, large series suggest that lamotrigine is the most effective preventive agent, with topiramate and gabapentin also being useful. Intravenous lidocaine may also be helpful as an acute therapy when patients are extremely distressed and disabled by frequent attacks.

380 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
05 Dec 2002-Nature
TL;DR: Initial results from a study of the interaction of soft X-ray radiation, generated by a free-electron laser, with Xe atoms and clusters are presented, finding that, whereasXe atoms become only singly ionized by the absorption of single photons, absorption in clusters is strongly enhanced.
Abstract: Intense radiation from lasers has opened up many new areas of research in physics and chemistry, and has revolutionized optical technology. So far, most work in the field of nonlinear processes has been restricted to infrared, visible and ultraviolet light, although progress in the development of X-ray lasers has been made recently. With the advent of a free-electron laser in the soft-X-ray regime below 100 nm wavelength, a new light source is now available for experiments with intense, short-wavelength radiation that could be used to obtain deeper insights into the structure of matter. Other free-electron sources with even shorter wavelengths are planned for the future. Here we present initial results from a study of the interaction of soft X-ray radiation, generated by a free-electron laser, with Xe atoms and clusters. We find that, whereas Xe atoms become only singly ionized by the absorption of single photons, absorption in clusters is strongly enhanced. On average, each atom in large clusters absorbs up to 400 eV, corresponding to 30 photons. We suggest that the clusters are heated up and electrons are emitted after acquiring sufficient energy. The clusters finally disintegrate completely by Coulomb explosion.

380 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The SSS-8 is a reliable and valid self-report measure of somatic symptom burden and associations with measures of construct validity and health care visits are investigated.
Abstract: Importance Somatic symptoms are the core features of many medical diseases, and they are used to evaluate the severity and course of illness. The 8-item Somatic Symptom Scale (SSS-8) was recently developed as a brief, patient-reported outcome measure of somatic symptom burden, but its reliability, validity, and usefulness have not yet been tested. Objective To investigate the reliability, validity, and severity categories as well as the reference scores of the SSS-8. Design, Setting, and Participants A national, representative general-population survey was performed between June 15, 2012, and July 15, 2012, in Germany, including 2510 individuals older than 13 years. Main Outcomes and Measures The SSS-8 mean (SD), item-total correlations, Cronbach α, factor structure, associations with measures of construct validity (Patient Health Questionnaire–2 depression scale, Generalized Anxiety Disorder–2 scale, visual analog scale for general health status, 12-month health care use), severity categories, and percentile rank reference scores. Results The SSS-8 had excellent item characteristics and good reliability (Cronbach α = 0.81). The factor structure reflects gastrointestinal, pain, fatigue, and cardiopulmonary aspects of the general somatic symptom burden. Somatic symptom burden as measured by the SSS-8 was significantly associated with depression ( r = 0.57 [95% CI, 0.54 to 0.60]), anxiety ( r = 0.55 [95% CI, 0.52 to 0.58]), general health status ( r = −0.24 [95% CI, −0.28 to −0.20]), and health care use (incidence rate ratio, 1.12 [95% CI, 1.10 to 1.14]). The SSS-8 severity categories were calculated in accordance with percentile ranks: no to minimal (0-3 points), low (4-7 points), medium (8-11 points), high (12-15 points), and very high (16-32 points) somatic symptom burden. For every SSS-8 severity category increase, there was a 53% (95% CI, 44% to 63%) increase in health care visits. Conclusions and Relevance The SSS-8 is a reliable and valid self-report measure of somatic symptom burden. Cutoff scores identify individuals with low, medium, high, and very high somatic symptom burden.

380 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Some of the major applications of NMR in drug discovery, focusing on hit and lead generation, are highlighted, and a critical analysis of its current and potential utility is provided.
Abstract: In the past decade, the potential of harnessing the ability of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to monitor intermolecular interactions as a tool for drug discovery has been increasingly appreciated in academia and industry. In this Perspective, we highlight some of the major applications of NMR in drug discovery, focusing on hit and lead generation, and provide a critical analysis of its current and potential utility.

379 citations


Authors

Showing all 46072 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Rudolf Jaenisch206606178436
Bruce M. Psaty1811205138244
Stefan Schreiber1781233138528
Chris Sander178713233287
Dennis J. Selkoe177607145825
Daniel R. Weinberger177879128450
Ramachandran S. Vasan1721100138108
Bradley Cox1692150156200
Anders Björklund16576984268
J. S. Lange1602083145919
Hannes Jung1592069125069
Andrew D. Hamilton1511334105439
Jongmin Lee1502257134772
Teresa Lenz1501718114725
Stefanie Dimmeler14757481658
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023282
2022817
20215,784
20205,491
20194,994
20184,587