Institution
University of Hohenheim
Education•Stuttgart, Germany•
About: University of Hohenheim is a education organization based out in Stuttgart, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Soil water. The organization has 8585 authors who have published 16406 publications receiving 567377 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
••
TL;DR: Following Gaming Addiction Short Scale criteria, gaming addiction is currently not a widespread phenomenon among adolescents and adults in Germany.
Abstract: AIMS: Playing digital games has been associated with forms of addictive behavior. Past research on the subject has often been criticized on theoretical and empirical grounds, mainly due to measurement or sampling issues. The present study aims to overcome these two limitations, and presents data from a representative study in Germany using an already established instrument for measuring problematic game use. DESIGN: Large-scale, representative study using a computer-assisted telephone survey. SETTING: Germany. PARTICIPANTS: N = 580 adolescents between 14 and 18 years of age, N = 1866 younger adults between 19-39 years, and N = 1936 older adults aged 40 and older (overall N = 4382). MEASUREMENTS: Problematic game use was measured with the Gaming Addiction Short Scale (GAS), which covers seven criteria including salience, withdrawal and conflicts. Additionally, differential aspects of personality, as well as gaming behavior were measured. FINDINGS: Only seven respondents (0.2%, 95%-CI [0.1, 0.3]) met all criteria of the GAS Scale. In contrast, 3.7% (95%-CI [3.2, 4.3]) of the respondents can be considered problematic users, meeting at least half of these conditions. The percentage of problematic gamers among adolescents is above average (7.6%, 95%-CI [5.6, 10.1]). High GAS scores are associated with aggression, low sociability and self-efficacy, and lower satisfaction with life. Additionally, these scores correspond with intensive use and preferences for certain gaming genres across all age groups. CONCLUSIONS: Following Gaming Addiction Short Scale criteria, gaming addiction is currently not a widespread phenomenon among adolescents and adults in Germany. Gaming Addiction Short Scale scores are associated with intensive use, as well as certain problematic aspects of individuals' personalities and social lives. Language: en
327 citations
••
TL;DR: In this article, a data set illuminating 10- to 104-yr variability refines our understanding of oceanic versus geomagnetic or solar forcing of atmospheric 14C12C ratios.
326 citations
••
TL;DR: Cluster root formation in white lupin is induced mainly by phosphorus (P) starvation, and seems to be regulated by the endogenous P status of the plant, and inhibitory effects of kinetin application suggest the involvement of endogenous phytohormones (auxins and cytokinins), which may act in an antagonistic manner in the P-starvation response.
326 citations
••
University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign1, Utah State University2, University of Copenhagen3, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine4, Johns Hopkins University5, University of Chicago6, Hobart and William Smith Colleges7, University of Utah8, United States Department of Agriculture9, Autonomous University of Barcelona10, University of Geneva11, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics12, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg13, Queen Mary University of London14, Georgia Institute of Technology15, University of Georgia16, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto17, Sao Paulo State University18, Federal University of São Carlos19, University of São Paulo20, Agricultural Research Service21, East Carolina University22, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center23, University of Michigan24, University of Hohenheim25, Janelia Farm Research Campus26, York University27, Texas A&M University28, Harvard University29
TL;DR: There is no single road map to eusociality; independent evolutionary transitions in sociality have independent genetic underpinnings and these transitions do have similar general features, including an increase in constrained protein evolution accompanied by increases in the potential for gene regulation and decreases in diversity and abundance of transposable elements.
Abstract: The evolution of eusociality is one of the major transitions in evolution, but the underlying genomic changes are unknown We compared the genomes of 10 bee species that vary in social complexity, representing multiple independent transitions in social evolution, and report three major findings First, many important genes show evidence of neutral evolution as a consequence of relaxed selection with increasing social complexity Second, there is no single road map to eusociality; independent evolutionary transitions in sociality have independent genetic underpinnings Third, though clearly independent in detail, these transitions do have similar general features, including an increase in constrained protein evolution accompanied by increases in the potential for gene regulation and decreases in diversity and abundance of transposable elements Eusociality may arise through different mechanisms each time, but would likely always involve an increase in the complexity of gene networks
325 citations
••
TL;DR: Results indicate that COR promotes bacterial virulence by activating the host's JA signaling pathway, and further suggest that the type III secretion system might also modify host defense by targeting theJA signaling pathway in susceptible tomato plants.
Abstract: Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strain DC3000 (Pst DC3000) causes bacterial speck disease on tomato. The pathogenicity of Pst DC3000 depends on both the type III secretion system that delivers virulence effector proteins into host cells and the phytotoxin coronatine (COR), which is thought to mimic the action of the plant hormone jasmonic acid (JA). We found that a JA-insensitive mutant (jai1) of tomato was unresponsive to COR and highly resistant to Pst DC3000, whereas host genotypes that are defective in JA biosynthesis were as susceptible to Pst DC3000 as wild-type (WT) plants. Treatment of WT plants with exogenous methyl-JA (MeJA) complemented the virulence defect of a bacterial mutant deficient in COR production, but not a mutant defective in the type III secretion system. Analysis of host gene expression using cDNA microarrays revealed that COR works through Jai1 to induce the massive expression of JA and wound response genes that have been implicated in defense against herbivores. Concomitant with the induction of JA and wound response genes, the type III secretion system and COR repressed the expression of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes in Pst DC3000-infected WT plants. Resistance of jai1 plants to Pst DC3000 was correlated with a high level of PR gene expression and reduced expression of JA/wound response genes. These results indicate that COR promotes bacterial virulence by activating the host's JA signaling pathway, and further suggest that the type III secretion system might also modify host defense by targeting the JA signaling pathway in susceptible tomato plants.
324 citations
Authors
Showing all 8665 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Robert J. Lefkowitz | 214 | 860 | 147995 |
Patrick O. Brown | 183 | 755 | 200985 |
Mark Stitt | 132 | 456 | 60800 |
Wolf B. Frommer | 105 | 345 | 30918 |
Muhammad Imran | 94 | 3053 | 51728 |
Muhammad Farooq | 92 | 1341 | 37533 |
Yakov Kuzyakov | 87 | 667 | 37050 |
Werner Goebel | 85 | 367 | 26106 |
Ismail Cakmak | 84 | 249 | 25991 |
Reinhold Carle | 84 | 418 | 24858 |
Michael Wink | 83 | 938 | 32658 |
Albrecht E. Melchinger | 83 | 398 | 23140 |
Tilman Grune | 82 | 479 | 30327 |
Volker Römheld | 79 | 231 | 20763 |
Klaus Becker | 79 | 320 | 27494 |