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Showing papers by "University of Houston published in 1971"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the connections between bases and weaker structures in Banach spaces and their duals are investigated, and it is shown that every separable π-structures and finite dimensional Schauder decomposition has a basis.
Abstract: This is an investigation of the connections between bases and weaker structures in Banach spaces and their duals. It is proved, e.g., thatX has a basis ifX* does, and that ifX has a basis, thenX* has a basis provided thatX* is separable and satisfies Grothendieck’s approximation property; analogous results are obtained concerning π-structures and finite dimensional Schauder decompositions. The basic results are then applied to show that every separableℒ p space has a basis.

253 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a model for deposition of particles and droplets from turbulent gas streams is presented, which is largely free of the assumption and limitations of earlier methods, providing for the possibiity that the eddy and particle motion are not identical.

200 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
J. Oró1, J. Gibert1, Lichtenstein H1, S. Wikstrom1, Donald A. Flory1 
12 Mar 1971-Nature
TL;DR: The Murchison meteorite, a type III carbonaceous chondrite, contains substantial amounts of amino-acids, predominantly cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbons, which are consistent with the appreciable content of carbon and nitrogen of this meteorite.
Abstract: Type III carbonaceous chondrite Murchison meteorite, obtaining amino acids, aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons from specimen

174 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Volatile constituents of 30 urines from 10 adults have been studied by gas chromatography, and two also by mass spectrometry, finding that dietary changes have a relatively small effect on the profile of the volatiles, and interindividual patterns are very similar.
Abstract: Volatile constituents of 30 urines from 10 adults have been studied by gas chromatography, and two also by mass spectrometry. The sample was prepared by extracting urine with ethyl ether, distilling the extract at low temperature under reduced pressure, and concentrating the distillate to a few microliters. High-efficiency capillary columns, 150 m x 0.5 mm i.d., provide the resolution necessary to indicate the presence of some 300 compounds, 40 of which have been identified by mass spectrometry. These include ketones, alcohols, lactones, terpenes, furans, dimethyl sulfone, pyrrole, and allyl isothiocyanate. Dietary changes have a relatively small effect on the profile of the volatiles, and interindividual patterns are very similar. These facts make analyses of this kind of potential diagnostic use.

115 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors consider the problem of finding a separable Banach space Z such that every compact operator can be factored as a productTS withT, S compact, rangeS=DomainT=Z.
Abstract: We consider the following problem: Does there exist a separable Banach spaceZ such that every compact operator can be factored as a productTS withT, S compact, rangeS=DomainT=Z? Our investigation yields a reasonable partial solution to this problem as well as the following independent result: A Banach space which has theλ-metric approximation property can be embedded as a complemented subspace of aπ λ space.

102 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of pressure and temperature in superficial-fluid chromatography were studied and the results suggest that a compromise between the particle size and pressure drop is necessary.

99 citations



Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Seeds of Salicornia bigelovii were germinated in saline solution containing from 0% to 8.08% sea salt, with the exception of 26.6°C, where the maximum germination occurred at a sea salt concentration at 4.04 % which is very close to the salinity of the sea.
Abstract: Seeds of Salicornia bigelovii were germinated at 4.4°C, 15.5°C, and 26.6°C in saline solution containing from 0% to 8.08% sea salt. At 4.4°C, germination was delayed until the 26th day, but the final germination per cent was high in all salinities. At 15.5°C, germination was delayed until the 19th day, and the germination per cent was higher in the higher salinities. At 26.6°C, the germination began within one day and the germination per cent was higher at the lower salinities. With the exception of 26.6°C data, the maximum germination occurred at a sea salt concentration at 4.04 % which is very close to the salinity of the sea.

80 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, an analytical expression for the irradiance pattern, in both the far field and near field, associated with the field propagating from an aperture with a truncated-gaussian field distribution was obtained by evaluating the diffraction integral subject to the Fresnel approximation.
Abstract: In this paper we obtain an analytical expression for the irradiance pattern, in both the far field and near field, associated with the field propagating from an aperture with a truncated-gaussian field distribution. This is accomplished by evaluating the diffraction integral subject to the Fresnel approximation. Numerical results are presented, which indicate how the patterns vary as the width of the truncated-gaussian field distribution changes.

78 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
30 Jul 1971-Science
TL;DR: The condensation of mononucleotides has been carried out in aqueous solution at neutral pH in the presence of cyanamide and oligodeoxyribon nucleotides up to five units have been formed when montmorillonite was present.
Abstract: The condensation of mononucleotides has been carried out in aqueous solution at neutral pH in the presence of cyanamide. Oligodeoxyribonucleotides up to five units have been formed when montmorillonite was present.

77 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
12 Mar 1971-Nature
TL;DR: A sensitive method based on the separation of enantiomeric N-trifluoroacetyl (N-TFA)–isopropyl esters by gas chromatography with an optically active stationary phase is developed and applied to meteorites and a Pre-Cambrian sediment.
Abstract: Carbonaceous chondrite and Precambrian chert amino acids detection, using simultaneous optical configuration determination and gas chromatography

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the amount of information in the partially classified observation is evaluated, and maximum likelihood estimators are obtained using both completely classified and partially classified data, in general an iterative solution is required, but special cases are identified in which the solution is obtained in closed form.
Abstract: When sampling from a multinomial population, it may happen either by chance or by design that some of the observations are only partially classified. In this article the amount of information in the partially classified observation is evaluated, and maximum likelihood estimators are obtained using both completely classified and partially classified data. In general an iterative solution is required, but special cases are identified in which the solution is obtained in closed form.

Journal ArticleDOI
Dan Luss1
TL;DR: In this paper, new criteria are presented for the a priori prediction of the conditions under which a unique steady state solution exists for chemically reacting systems, and the agreement between the bounds obtained for the distributed systems and exact numerical solutions is very satisfactory.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Methods of exact and approximate lumping for mixtures in which many parallel first order irreversible reactions occur are discussed and it is shown that a recycled stream may have to be lumped with a different rate expression than the non-recycled stream.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the problem of an accelerating potential flow past a group of stationary circular cylinders is considered using the method of images, and the problem is formulated so that the number and location of the cylinders is arbitrary so long as there is no overlap between adjacent cylinders.
Abstract: The problem of an accelerating potential flow past a group of stationary circular cylinders is considered using the method of images. The problem is formulated so that the number and location of the cylinders is arbitrary so long as there is no overlap between adjacent cylinders. Inertial and lift coefficients are determined for several different cylinder arrangements. The inertial coefficient for a cylinder can vary in either direction from its single-cylinder value of 2.0. The controlling factors on this variation are the relative geometric position of the cylinder within the group and its distance from its neighbors. These same factors determine, as is expected, the lift coefficient values. In two example configurations, there is even a drag-type force generated on an individual cylinder in the potential flow.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The earliest detection of plasma glucose in chick embryos has been approximately day 4 of incubation and the values obtained at this stage of development progressively rise until by hatching time they are essentially “adult” levels of 190 mg.%.

DOI
01 Jul 1971
TL;DR: It is concluded that the acquisition of an orienting reaction to a CS outweighs the positive-vs-negative source of that OR.
Abstract: Four groups of 11 goldfish were given different kinds of experiences with a light stimulus later to be used as a CS for two-way, active avoidance conditioning. For one group, the light was repeatedly paired with food; for another, the light was paired with inescapable shock; a third group received light-only presentations (habituation); a control group never experienced the light before testing. In avoidance conditioning testing, the shock-related and food-related groups performed significantly better than the control group, which in turn outperformed the habituated group. It is concluded that the acquisition of an orienting reaction to a CS outweighs the positive-vs-negative source of that OR.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An absolute measurement of the vertical cosmic ray muon intensity at 3-50 GeV/c has been performed with a solid-iron magnetic spectrometer as mentioned in this paper, which is an average of 10% higher in intensity than those reported by the Durham group.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The behavior of the vapor wake is highly dependent upon the manner in which vapor is being formed on the forward portion of the sphere as discussed by the authors, and it is shown that film and transition boiling are as effective as nucleate boiling over the velocity range, 9.6-20.0 fps, in highly subcooled water.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The termperature-sensitive light-scattering properties of cholesteric liquid crystals have been applied to the mapping of the intensity distribution in the near-field of ultrasonic transducers.


Journal ArticleDOI
30 Jul 1971-Science
TL;DR: A possible prebiotic synthesis of thymine has been achieved via the methylation of uracil with formaldehyde and hydrazine.
Abstract: A possible prebiotic synthesis of thymine has been achieved via the methylation of uracil with formaldehyde and hydrazine.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, male and 28 female Ss were randomly assigned to two male Es and to two conditions of visual attention: not looking up or glancing toward the Ss on two specific occasions.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a "loyalty index" which combines three measures of consumer loyalty: per cent of budget allocated to the store or brand, amount of switching, and number of alternatives explored.
Abstract: The concept of consumer “loyalty” (i.e., preference for a particular store or brand) is intriguing to marketing scholars and practitioners. Research in this area would be enhanced by the acceptance of an operational measure of consumer loyalty. Loyalty appears to be a tri-dimensional concept; per cent of budget, allocated to the store or brand, amount of switching, and number of alternatives explored have been used to measure loyalty. Consequently, the authors propose a “loyalty index” which combines these three measures. An empirical test of the proposed index showed that the index did discriminate among degrees of consumer loyalty, and was related to consumer psychological characteristics in a manner similar to that of the generally used single measures of consumer loyalty.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the thermal solid and gas-solid reactions of cis and trans isomeric products were investigated by various thermal techniques and various reaction temperatures and reaction intervals were determined for the mixtures.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This article found that groups that were homogeneous and heterogeneous in terms of risk preferences were varied orthogonally across conditions of information exchange and discussion, and that the shift toward risk for heterogeneous groups was significantly larger than for homogeneous group members, who did not differ from a control condition.