Showing papers by "University of Houston published in 1974"
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a review of the performance of chemical reactors in the 1970s, focusing on the periODic operation of CHEMICAL REACTORS.
Abstract: (1974). PERIODIC OPERATION OF CHEMICAL REACTORS: A REVIEW. Chemical Engineering Communications: Vol. 1, No. 3, pp. 111-124.
234 citations
TL;DR: Applied behavior analysis, as a special case of behavioral technology, is discussed from the standpoint of behavioral ecology, and its emphasis upon system-like inter dependency among environment, organism, and behavior is presented.
Abstract: Applied behavior analysis, as a special case of behavioral technology, is discussed from the standpoint of behavioral ecology. The ecological orientation and its emphasis upon system-like interdependencies among environment, organism, and behavior are presented. The widespread possibilities for unintended effects of simple interventions provide the context for evaluating effective behavioral technology and calling for cooperation between the technologist and ecologist. Such cooperation, in the form of mutual and cooperative research efforts, should come naturally for the technologist and ecologist, because they share some fundamental values and assumptions, and each has much to offer the other. Several areas of such cooperative effort are spelled out.
216 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors specify the conditions in which parents influence the party identification and certain issue attitudes of their adolescent children (recent high school graduates), and establish the nature and extent of the parent-adolescent attitude correspondence.
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to specify the conditions in which parents influence the party identification and certain issue attitudes of their adolescent children (recent high school graduates). The nature and extent of the parent-adolescent attitude correspondence is first established. Next, parental as opposed to environmental explanations for this correspondence are considered. Finally, the effects on parental influence of family interaction, political interest, issue salience to the parent, and accuracy of the adolescent's perception of the parental attitude are analyzed. Issue salience and perceptual accuracy are found to have strong effects; the other variables have lesser or no effect. When issue salience and perceptual accuracy are held constant in a multivariate equation, the beta weights indicating the influence of the parent attitude on the attitude of the adolescent are very similar for all issues and party identification. It is concluded that idiosyncratic variations in successful parent-child attitude transmission can be explained by a general equation.
208 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured the time it takes to access permanent memory and retrieve name-words for visual objects, measured by picture naming reaction time (RT ), which is influenced by four fundamental variables: the uncertainty-codability of the display, the frequency and age of acquisition of the lexical response, and the interval between occasions of picture naming; uncertainty, frequency, and acquisition age covary.
175 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, it is shown that the statistics of the substrate thicknes and its wave structure can be extracted from measurements of the variation of film thickness with time, and a theory is presented for calculating the mean substrate thickness and the substrate flow rate.
Abstract: Waves on falling liquid film display certain random features. At least two classes of such random waves are shown to exist; large waves which carry the bulk of the fluid and small waves which cover a substrate film that exists between large waves. It is shown that the statistics of the substrate thicknes and its wave structure can be extracted from measurements of the variation of film thickness with time. A theory is presented for calculating the mean substrate thickness and the substrate flow rate. The statistics of the wave structure is presented and compared with existing theory. The importance of the substrate in controlling transfer processes is demonstrated.
168 citations
138 citations
TL;DR: This article found that two separate components of need for approval score were identified and found to be differentially related to avoidance behavior for men and for women for a simulated "intelligence test" on which they were given bogus feedback indicating that they had either met college norms or had failed substantially to meet norms.
124 citations
TL;DR: Rhodium (II) acetate and rhodium(II) propionate were found to be antineoplastic agents that inhibited DNA and RNA synthesis and block de novo purine biosynthesis.
Abstract: SummaryRhodium (II) acetate and rhodium (II) propionate were found to be antineoplastic agents. Both compounds inhibited DNA and RNA synthesis. The rhodium(II) propionate was also found to block de...
108 citations
TL;DR: Analyses of the event rates for all missions has revealed an anomalously low rate for transearth coast observations with respect to translunar coast observations.
Abstract: The crew members on the last seven Apollo flights observed light flashes that are tentatively attributed to cosmic ray nuclei (atomic number equal to or greater than 6) penetrating the head and eyes of the observers. Analyses of the event rates for all missions has revealed an anomalously low rate for transearth coast observations with respect to translunar coast observations.
98 citations
TL;DR: The need for a physiological change in mammalian spermatozoa in the female genital tract as a prerequisite for fertilization was first recognized by Austin and Chang in the rabbit, and the change was termed “capacitation” (Austin, 1952).
Abstract: The need for a physiological change in mammalian spermatozoa in the female genital tract as a prerequisite for fertilization was first recognized by Austin (1951) and Chang (1951) in the rabbit, and the change was termed “capacitation” (Austin, 1952). They found that if epididymal or ejaculated spermatozoa were introduced into the oviduct of the female rabbit before ovulation, eggs were fertilized. However, when the spermatozoa were introduced into the female after ovulation, few-if any-eggs were fertilized. In other words, the eggs lost the ability to be fertilized before the spermatozoa became capacitated.
96 citations
TL;DR: In this article, five dichotic speech experiments were conducted with normal adult listeners in which the signal to one or both ears was degraded by manipulation of intensity, signal-to-noise ratio, or bandwidth parameters.
TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of a non-uniform distribution of the intrinsic catalytic activity of a single spherical pellet on its effectiveness factor, selectivity and deactivation was investigated.
TL;DR: The view that it was the profits from the slave trade which financed the British Industrial Revolution and the first industrialization of the United States appears to be gaining adherents as discussed by the authors, which provides part of the historical foundation for the claim by black militants for reparations.
Abstract: Historians of slavery and the slave trade have often left us with the impression that the slave trade was fantastically profitable. The view that it was the profits from the slave trade which financed the British Industrial Revolution and the first industrialization of the United States appears to be gaining adherents. These interpretations seem plausible enough on the surface; indeed, the latter provides part of the historical foundation for the claim by black militants for reparations. Black slaves, whether shipped directly from Africa, or born in the New World into slavery, served their masters against their wills in return for the subsistence allowed them. Surely there was a substantial difference between the value of what they produced and the value of the consumption goods allotted to them to allow survival.
TL;DR: The objectives of this research are to develop a simulation model of an operating firm, use this simulation to compare the performance of aggregate production planning models, and formulating a generalized methodology for implementing quantitative planning models into the decision procedures of operating firms.
Abstract: The planning of production, inventories, and work force at an aggregate level to respond to fluctuating demands on a production system has received substantial theoretical treatment in the literature for several years. However, widespread implementation of the available analytical techniques has not occurred. The objectives of this research are to explore this implementation problem: 1 by developing a simulation model of an operating firm, 2 by using this simulation to compare the performance of aggregate production planning models, and 3 by formulating a generalized methodology for implementing quantitative planning models into the decision procedures of operating firms.
Patent•
12 Mar 1974TL;DR: In this article, a sample trap is used for capturing and enriching the organic volatiles, and a novel injector port is used to directly inject the entrapped organic compounds to a cryogenic percolumn to provide a sharply defined plug.
Abstract: System and method for reproducibly analyzing, both qualitatively and quantitatively, trace amounts of a large number of organic volatiles existing in a gas sample. Applications include (1) analyzing the headspace gas of body fluids and comparing a profile of the oganic volatiles with standard profiles for the detection and monitoring of disease, (2) analyzing the headspace gas of foods and beverages and comparing a profile of the organic volatiles with standard profiles so that flavor and aroma can be monitored and controlled, and (3) similar analysis for determining the organic pollutants in samples of water and air. The system includes a novel means (sample trap) for capturing and enriching the organic volatiles, a novel injector port for directly injecting the entrapped organic volatiles to a cryogenic percolumn to provide a sharply defined plug, and a novel capillary separating column. Various detectors may be utilized to identify the separated volatiles. The sample trap contains a solid adsorbent having the following properties: (1) high affinity for volatile organic compounds, (2) hydrophobic, (3) temperature stability up to 400° C, (4) good desorption capability and (5) relative inertness to the sample. A porous material based on a polymer of 2,6-diphenyl-p-phenylene oxide (PPPO) and sold under the trademark TENAX-GC is particularly suited for this purpose. The injector port is formed of a hollow body having inlet and outlet ports. The sample trap is inserted into the body and maintained in sealed engagement with the outlet port. The injector port is placed into an injector heater of a gas chromatograph (GC) to effect desorption of the entrapped volatiles. Helium gas is introduced at the inlet port to carry the organic volatiles directly into the cryogenic precolumn. The GC capillary separating column is formed of etched nickel which facilitates the separation of a large number of specific organic compounds from a very small amount of organic volatiles.
TL;DR: In this article, the relationship between leader behavior and subordinate satisfaction and performance, unmoderated and moderated by a subordinate's role ambiguity, was studied at multiple occupational skill levels.
Abstract: Relationships between leader behavior and subordinate satisfaction and performance, unmoderated and moderated by a subordinate's role ambiguity, were studied at multiple occupational skill levels i...
TL;DR: Findings of visual contours masking obtained when two stationary and spatially separated stimuli are presented briefly and successively in time indicate that the contour masking typically observed while viewing a stimulus in real movement also occurs while viewing the stimulus in stroboscopic movement.
TL;DR: Evidence for isolation by distance in the plant, Liatris cylindracea Michx.
Abstract: SEVERAL factors may cause genetic correlation—that is a genetic relationship between individuals within a population—including small population size, self-fertilisation, positive assortative mating or isolation by distance. Isolation by distance occurs when gene dispersal is limited so that distant populations in a series or remote areas within a population become genetically differentiated. Under an isolation-by-distance model of genetic differentiation, spatial distance and genetic correlation between individuals or populations are expected to be negatively related, that is, the greater the distance the smaller the genetic correlation. I wish to present evidence for isolation by distance in the plant, Liatris cylindracea Michx. (Compositae), obtained by a genetic distance analysis of gene frequencies at 27 allozyme loci. This analysis revealed genetic differentiation across very small distances and demonstrated that a restriction of gene flow has a profound effect on the spatial distribution of alleles within a population.
TL;DR: The operation of expanding a rational transfer function into a continued fraction expansion of the Cauer third form is extremely time consuming and laborious as mentioned in this paper, and the operation of inverting an expansion to rational transfer functions is also laborious.
Abstract: The operation of expanding a rational transfer function into a continued fraction expansion of the Cauer third form and inverting a continued fraction expansion of the Cauer third form to a rational transfer function is extremely time consuming and laborious.
TL;DR: In this article, an audio-taped relaxation program was devised and presented to 32 boys who were in special classes for minimally brain-injured children and an equal number of randomly selected age mates were chosen as controls.
Abstract: It was theorized that brain-injured children who have poor handwriting are in fact trying too hard to write and using too much energy in the process. An audio-taped relaxation program was devised and presented to 32 boys who were in special classes for minimally brain-injured children. An equal number of randomly selected age mates were chosen as controls. Relaxation training was administered to the experimental group three days a week for four weeks. Results indicated that: (1) the program was effective in enhancing the quality of handwriting; (2) there was transfer effect to nonexperimental situations; (3) the changes were stable over time; and (4) there was very high interjudge reliability of handwriting quality.
TL;DR: In this article, a detailed description of the production of nickel open tubular columns is given and the important steps are discussed, including surface modification, etching and introduction of a suspended silanized silica.
Abstract: A detailed description of the production of nickel open tubular columns is given and the important steps are discussed. Two types of surface modification, etching and introduction of a suspended silanized silica, which result in conventional open tubular (COT) and in support coated open tubular (SCOT) columns are described. Properties of these columns are presented for one phase, Emulphor ON 870 and several examples of applications are given.
TL;DR: This finding does not support the general assumption that a monotonic relationship exists between heightened levels of fear and an increased frequency of the distress call and is considered in the context of Bronson's (1968) hypothesis that heightened emotionality may inhibit rather than facilitate the expression of a variety of behavioural patterns associated with the avoidance of fear-arousing stimulation.
TL;DR: A method of removal trapping was initiated to test the hypothesis that different portions of a population of Sigmodon hispidus responded differently to live-trap sampling, with significant differences in body weight and distribution of size class between first and second night samples.
Abstract: A method of removal trapping was initiated to test the hypothesis that different portions of a population of Sigmodon hispidus responded differently to live-trap sampling. Four plots of 3.7 hectares were live-trapped in 7 two-night trapping periods during one year. Animals captured the first night were temporarily removed until after the second night captures were recorded. Mean body weights and numbers were treated separately for males and females. During certain parts of the year, there were significant differences in body weight and distribution of size class between first and second night samples, but no significant differences in sex ratio. Such differences, unless accounted for by modification of sampling methods, violate assumptions of density estimators and hence markedly influence calculations of demographic parameters.
TL;DR: The volatile components in the cabin atomosphere of Skylab 4 at various times during the mission were concentrated and analysed, finding a wide variety of various silicon compounds, mostly methylated siloxanes of molecular weight up to 584.
TL;DR: A generalized matrix Mouth algorithm is established to expand n matrix transfer function into the matrix continued fraction of three matrix Cauer forms by the use of the generalized matrix Routh algorithm and state-space techniques.
Abstract: A generalized matrix Mouth algorithm is established to expand n matrix transfer function into the matrix continued fraction of three matrix Cauer forms. By the use of the generalized matrix Routh algorithm and state-space techniques. a method is established for performing the matrix continued fraction inversion. The procedure is amenable to digital computation.
TL;DR: This article found that participants who had been previously exposed to a spoken passage in the same language as the test sentences were more successful in identifying structures of the sentences than was the control group with previous exposure to another language.
Abstract: Adult subjects attempted to identify structures (words and constituents) in sentences of a language they did not know They heard each sentence twice-once with a pause interrupting a structural component and once with a pause separating different structural components They were asked to choose the version that sounded more natural An experimental group of subjects who had been previously exposed to a spoken passage in the same language as the test sentences was more successful in identifying structures of the sentences than was the control group with previous exposure to another language This result was interpreted as demonstrating that language structure may be partially acquired during a brief exposure without reliance on meaning It was also noted that the experimental group identified constituents more accurately than words This result suggested that constituents, more than words, function as acquisitional units of language
TL;DR: A headspace sampling technique was employed by which volatile sample constituents are carried in a stream of ultra-pure nitrogen and adsorbed onto a porous polymer with subsequent heat desorption, which separated the concentrated volatiles on highly efficient capillary columns.
TL;DR: In this article, the relationship between various demographic and behavioral characteristics of consumers and innovativeness has been investigated in the context of consumer behavior and product adoption, and the authors identify differences among the various categories of adopters.
Abstract: One aspect of consumer behavior which has recently received particular attention from researchers is the hypothesized relationship between various demographic and behavioral characteristics of consumers and innovativeness. Numerous studies have identified various demographic and behavioral characteristics reportedly possessed by consumer innovators; as a result, we appear to be making progress in identifying differences among the various categories of adopters1 [1, 2, 4, 6-14, 16, 19, 20, 21, 23, 25-30]. When studying characteristics of innovators, researchers usually compare buyers and nonbuyers of a certain product(s) within a given time period after the product has been introduced or examine willingness to buy in laboratory purchase situations (as is often the case when university researchers use students as subjects). Any differences found between buyers and nonbuyers or between those indicating a willingness to buy and those unwilling to buy are designated as differences between innovators and noninnovators.