Showing papers by "University of Houston published in 1976"
TL;DR: In this article, a generalized flow regime map based on this theory is presented, which is used for determining flow regime transitions in two-phase gas-liquid flow, and the mechanisms for transition are based on physical concepts and are fully predictive.
Abstract: Models are presented for determining flow regime transitions in two-phase gas-liquid flow. The mechanisms for transition are based on physical concepts and are fully predictive in that no flow regime transitions are used in their development. A generalized flow regime map based on this theory is presented.
2,420 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a perceptual instrument called the Job Characteristic Inventory (JCI) was developed and validated for measuring six job characteristic dimensions, and the JCI was used to measure job performance.
Abstract: Perceptual methods of measuring six job characteristic dimensions were developed and validated. A perceptual instrument, called the Job Characteristic Inventory (JCI), demonstrated construct validi...
810 citations
TL;DR: It is hoped that preventing children from starting to smoke will prove to be more effective than attempting to deal with already addicted smokers.
281 citations
TL;DR: New algorithms, based on the matrix sign function, for the solution of algebraic matrix Riccati equations, Lyapunov equations, coupled Riccatis equations, spectral factorization, matrix square roots, pole assignment, and the algebraic eigenvalue-eigenvector problem are presented.
267 citations
TL;DR: Two surface samples collected from the Chryse Planitia region of Mars were heated to temperatures up to 500�C, and the volatiles that they evolved were analyzed with a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer, and only water and carbon dioxide were detected.
Abstract: Two surface samples collected from the Chryse Planitia region of Mars were heated to temperatures up to 500 degrees C, and the volatiles that they evolved were analyzed with a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer. Only water and carbon dioxide were detected. This implies that organic compounds have not accumulated to the extent that individual components could be detected at levels of a few parts in 10(9) by weight in our samples. Proposed mechanisms for the accumulation and destruction of organic compounds are discussed in the light of this limit.
260 citations
TL;DR: In this article, simple thermal decomposition reactions have been investigated for the purpose of solar thermal energy storage and the efficiency of storage is high and the decomposition occurs in the vicinity of 500°C.
214 citations
TL;DR: Ionophore A23187 should prove an experimentally useful drug for further study of the acrosome reaction since its effect on cells is understood, it induces synchronous reactions in a high percentage of sperm, and it conveniently reduces the capacitation interval in mammalian sperm.
Abstract: The role of Ca+2 in the acrosome reaction of echinoid and mammalian sperm was investigated using the Ca+2 transporting ionophore A23187. The ionophore induced morphologically normal acrosome reactions in both types of sperm (as assessed by electron microscopic observation of echinoid sperm and phase contrast microscopic observation of mammalian sperm). In echinoids, these reactions were immediate. In the guinea pig and hamster, ionophore significantly decreased the capacitation interval; early reactions were accompanied by activation of motility. Ionophore induced reactions were affected by sperm, ionophore and Ca+2 concentrations. Since both ionophore induced and natural reactions require extracellular Ca+2, it is suggested that an influx of Ca+2 represents the initial step of the acrosome reaction. Under natural conditions, the permeability change which results in Ca+2 influx may be induced in echinoid sperm by egg jelly and may occur in mammalian sperm during capacitation. Ionophore A23187 should prove an experimentally useful drug for further study of the acrosome reaction since its effect on cells is understood, it induces synchronous reactions in a high percentage of sperm, and it conveniently reduces the capacitation interval in mammalian sperm.
191 citations
185 citations
TL;DR: A study of interrelationships among role variables, locus of control, and subordinate satisfaction and performance revealed that internals perceived less role conflict, but were neither more satis...
Abstract: A study of interrelationships among role variables, locus of control, and subordinate satisfaction and performance revealed that: (a) internals perceived less role conflict, were neither more satis...
144 citations
143 citations
TL;DR: The role and relative contributions of different forms of energy to the synthesis of amino acids and other organic compounds on the primitive earth, in the parent bodies or carbonaceous chondrites, and in the solar nebula are examined.
Abstract: The role and relative contributions of different forms of energy to the synthesis of amino acids and other organic compounds on the primitive earth, in the parent bodies or carbonaceous chondrites, and in the solar nebula are examined. A single source of energy or a single process would not account for all the organic compounds synthesized in the solar system. Electric discharges appear to produce amino acids more efficiently than other sources of energy and the composition of the synthesized amino acids is qualitatively and quantitatively similar to those found in the Murchison meteorite. Ultraviolet light is also likely to have played a major role in prebiotic synthesis. Although the energy in the sun's spectrum that can be absorbed by the major constituents of the primitive atmosphere is not large, reactive trace components such as H2S and formaldehyde absorb at longer wavelengths where greater amounts of energy are available and produce amino acids by reactions involving hot hydrogen atoms. The thermal reaction of CO + H2 + NH3 on Fischer-Tropsch catalysts generates intermediates that lead to amino acids and other organic compounds that have been found in meteorites. However, this synthesis appears to be less efficient than electric discharges and to require a special set of reaction conditions. It should be emphasized that after the reactive organic intermediates are generated by the above processes, the subsequent reactions which produce the more complet biochemical compounds are low temperature homogenous reactions occurring in an aqueous environment.
TL;DR: The lower lethal temperature of many insects indicates an overwintering flexibility as a result of either extensive supercooling or production of cryoprotectants, which appears to be affected by developmental processes.
TL;DR: In this paper, a simple zero-order diffusion-reaction kinetic model for spherical floc was constructed to determine the variations in the diffusion coefficients of glucose and oxygen through microbial aggregates grown under various experimental conditions.
TL;DR: The rapid growth of P. longicarpus may enable it to preempt shells which are required for the successful brooding of a large clutch before these shells are required by more aggressive competitors, such as P. pollicaris and Clibanarius vittatus.
Book•
01 Jun 1976TL;DR: The book represents an introduction to computation in control by an iterative, gradient, numerical method, where linearity is not assumed, and conjugate gradient descent is used.
Abstract: The book represents an introduction to computation in control by an iterative, gradient, numerical method, where linearity is not assumed. The general language and approach used are those of elementary functional analysis. The particular gradient method that is emphasized and used is conjugate gradient descent, a well known method exhibiting quadratic convergence while requiring very little more computation than simple steepest descent. Constraints are not dealt with directly, but rather the approach is to introduce them as penalty terms in the criterion. General conjugate gradient descent methods are developed and applied to problems in control.
TL;DR: The results generally confirmed the previous conclusions of Hackman and Lawler (1971) that individuals who have higher self-actualization need strength are potentially better candidates for job enrichment.
TL;DR: In this article, a preliminary model of the formation of chain-like particle agglomerates on fibers during filtration of aerosols in fibrous media is proposed, and such dendrite-like growth has been observed experimentally.
TL;DR: The collision of irregular continental margins during an Alpine-type orogeny may give rise to a series of deformational events in the forelands, the tectonic style of which may be critically dependent on complete or incomplete suturing of the two colliding continents as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The collision of irregular continental margins during an Alpine-type orogeny may give rise to a series of deformational events in the forelands, the tectonic style of which may be critically dependent on complete or incomplete suturing of the two colliding continents. Dilatational structures such as mafic dikes, gravity faults, and grabens may form at those points where the continents first meet. Later, as the suture lengthens, large-scale wrench faults develop in the foreland area. When the compression caused by the orogen ceases, these foreland structures become inactive. The large-scale grabens and wrench faults observed in the forelands of the Alpine and northwestern European Variscide belts may be examples of such collision-related foreland structures. If the model presented in this paper is approximately correct, then it may be used to connect some intraplate phenomena to interplate tectonism.
TL;DR: This research investigated the environmental antecedents of expectancy I and expectancy II and found that expectancy II was found to be strongly related to supervisory variables and, to a lesser extent, to organics.
Abstract: This research investigated the environmental antecedents of expectancy I and expectancy II Expectancy II was found to be strongly related to supervisory variables and, to a lesser extent, to organ
TL;DR: In this paper, a regression multiple, reliant le nombre doeufs deposes aux poids secs du crabe et de la coquille, explicait pour 89,9% the variation in the nomenclature of global dœufs, which represents a nette augmentation par rapport au cas precedent.
Abstract: [Des exemplaires du Paguride Clibanarius vittatus ont ete recueillis dans la zone des marees au cours des annees 1972 et 1973 pendant la periode de reproduction, afin de verifier l'hypothese qu'aucune diminution du potentiel reproducteur ne resulte d'une taille defavorable de la coquille occupee. Une regression lineaire significative reliant la taille de la ponte au poids sec par crabe explicait pour 77,3% la variation du nombre global d'oeufs. Cependant, une regression multiple, reliant le nombre d'oeufs deposes aux poids secs du crabe et de la coquille, explicait pour 89,9% la variation du nombre global d'œufs, ce qui represente une nette augmentation par rapport au cas precedent. L'equation de regression E = -1309 + 4516 CW + 513 SW, indique qu'une augmentation de la masse de la coquille entrainerait une augmentation du nombre d'oeufs pour un crabe de meme taille. Ce resultat suggere que les femelles examinees au cours de cette etude occupaient des coquilles trop petites pour la realisation du potentiel reproducteur maximum. Les grandes coquilles (2-7 g) etaient presque toutes occupees par des mâles. La structure de la population des crabes, ainsi que la repartition des tailles des coquilles disponibles, peuvent donc limiter la production., Des exemplaires du Paguride Clibanarius vittatus ont ete recueillis dans la zone des marees au cours des annees 1972 et 1973 pendant la periode de reproduction, afin de verifier l'hypothese qu'aucune diminution du potentiel reproducteur ne resulte d'une taille defavorable de la coquille occupee. Une regression lineaire significative reliant la taille de la ponte au poids sec par crabe explicait pour 77,3% la variation du nombre global d'oeufs. Cependant, une regression multiple, reliant le nombre d'oeufs deposes aux poids secs du crabe et de la coquille, explicait pour 89,9% la variation du nombre global d'œufs, ce qui represente une nette augmentation par rapport au cas precedent. L'equation de regression E = -1309 + 4516 CW + 513 SW, indique qu'une augmentation de la masse de la coquille entrainerait une augmentation du nombre d'oeufs pour un crabe de meme taille. Ce resultat suggere que les femelles examinees au cours de cette etude occupaient des coquilles trop petites pour la realisation du potentiel reproducteur maximum. Les grandes coquilles (2-7 g) etaient presque toutes occupees par des mâles. La structure de la population des crabes, ainsi que la repartition des tailles des coquilles disponibles, peuvent donc limiter la production.]
TL;DR: In this paper, a test of the continuous seismic reflection profiling technique, the geophysical method with by far the highest resolution and the best potential in this regard, at a site in the midcontinent provided abundant information on intrabasement diffractors and reflectors to depths as great as about 45 km.
Abstract: Our understanding of the crust and upper mantle would be enhanced if geophysical studies of the deep basement rocks provided information of resolution and character more nearly like that of geological observations of basement rocks at and near the surface. A test of the continuous seismic reflection profiling technique, the geophysical method with by far the highest resolution and the best potential in this regard, at a site in the midcontinent provided abundant information on intrabasement diffractors and reflectors to depths as great as about 45 km. Conventional equipment and techniques, including nonexplosive vibratory sources, were used with minor modification. In the upper part of the section below the sediments, there are reflectors continuous over the entire length of a profile that give evidence for warping, faulting, unconformities, and other structural features. An age of 1,265 ± 40 m.y. for a sample from a nearby hole indicates that these are Precambrian rocks and not part of the Cambrian basement rocks of the Wichita Province. Detailed correlation with the Precambrian section is inhibited by scarcity of geological information. In the lower part of the section, reflections are not, in general, continuous over more than a few kilometres, but zones and discontinuities within the basement may be distinguished on the basis of spatial density, length, and dip of reflectors. Zones of low reflector density may be plutons; curvature of reflections may indicate deep folded structures. The scale of such features is a few kilometres, and it contrasts with the markedly larger scale of the smallest features of the deep basement that can be resolved by other methods. The method appears to have outstanding potential.
01 Dec 1976
TL;DR: It is shown that the coefficient matrices of the stochastic system representation constitute a solution to the minimal realization problem for the deterministic system with given impulse response matrix.
Abstract: This paper exploits the concept of a predictor space in the minimal realization problem for systems generating an analytic impulse response matrix. The predictor space constructed, by stochastic input and output processes forms the state space for the stochastic system representation, where a system is represented by the basis of the predictor space and the innovation process of input. The minimal realization problem is then solved for a given analytic impulse response matrix by defining a stochastic system driven by white noise whose input-output covariance equals the given impulse response matrix. It is shown that the coefficient matrices of the stochastic system representation constitute a solution to the minimal realization problem for the deterministic system with given impulse response matrix. The paper provides a unifying overview to many aspects of the realization problem and its algorithms.
TL;DR: In the solar tower concept, a multiplicity of mass produced heliostats reflect sunlight to a central receiver where it is absorbed as heat and transported to the ground.
TL;DR: In this article, the problem of housing supply analysis is addressed in a location-constrained model, and the authors present empirical results and a methodology for the analysis of such models.
Abstract: I. The problem of housing supply analysis, 389.—II. Controlling for quality in a location-constrained model, 391.—III. Empirical work, 400.—IV. Summary and implications of empirical results and methodology, 402.
TL;DR: Ionophore A23187, in the presence of extracellular Ca+2, induces a morphologically normal acrosome reaction in sperm of the sea urchin and precocious acrosomes reaction and activation of guinea pig sperm.
Abstract: Ionophore A23187, in the presence of extracellular Ca+2, induces a morphologically normal acrosome reaction in sperm of the sea urchin and precocious acrosome reaction and activation of guinea pig sperm. Increased membrane permeability to Ca+2 is responsible for initiating the acrosome reaction in both sea urchin and guinea pig sperm. In sea urchin sperm, the permeability change is brought about by egg jelly, whereas in the guinea pig sperm it accompanies capacitation.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the relationship between technical uncertainty and the technical decision maker's selection of information channels/sources and found that there is a strong correlation between technical uncertainties and a decision-maker's choice of more efficient information channels or sources.
Abstract: The relationship between technical uncertainty and the technical decision maker's selection of information channels/sources is investigated. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 384 engineers and scientists in a large government R&D organization. Findings indicate a strong correlation between technical uncertainty and a decision maker's choice of more efficient information channels/sources.
TL;DR: This article examined personalization of college dormitory rooms and found that most people decorated early in the quarter, decorating increased over time, and students differentially personalized their rooms in terms of the preceding categories.
Abstract: This study examined personalization of college dormitory rooms. Walls in college dormitories were photographed on two occasions, at the beginning and end of the first quarter in which new students were in residence. Decorations were content analyzed in terms of the following categories: personal relationships, values, abstract, reference, entertainment, and personal interest materials. The results indicated that most people decorated early in the quarter, decorating increased over time, and students differentially personalized their rooms in terms of the preceding categories. In addition, exploratory analyses were undertaken of modeling among roommates and relationships of decorating to dropout rates from the university.
TL;DR: This article found boundary-spanning activity unrelated to role conflict or ambiguity and positively related to job satisfac-tion for the total sample of 192 managers, engineers, and supervisors in a large manufacturing company.
Abstract: Boundary-spanning activity was studied in a large manufacturing company through a sample of 192 managers, engineers, and supervisors. Contrary to prior theory and research, this study found boundary-spanning activity unrelated to role conflict or ambiguity and positively related to job satisfac-tion for the total sample. Boundary-spanning activity was also positively related to a number of job characteristics for the total sample. Marked dif-ferences in boundary-spanning activity and its relationships with other variables, however, were found across occupational levels. While managers and engineers generally had boundary-spanning activity related to high levels of job satisfaction and job characteristics, first-level supervisors had boundary-spanning activity related to higher role conflict and lower job satisfaction with opportunities for promotion.
29 Jan 1976
TL;DR: In this article, an experimental investigation was made to study wave-current interaction, where wave amplitude attenuation was measured along a laboratory wave channel to compare wave dissipation with and without flow and mean, wave, and turbulent velocities were also measured to determine the modifications of the flow imposed by the gravity waves propogating with the current.
Abstract: An experimental investigation was made to study wave-current interaction. Wave amplitude attenuation was measured along a laboratory wave channel to compare wave dissipation with and without flow. Mean, wave, and turbulent velocities were also measured to determine the modifications of the flow imposed by the gravity waves propogating with the current. The process of energy transfer in the wave current system was studied. Energy was found to be extracted from the waves, diffused downward and dissipated by an increase in bottom shear stress.