Showing papers by "University of Huddersfield published in 1976"

Flow control valves

Abstract: The disclosure illustrates a flow control bypass valve for a turbine housing. The valve comprises a closure member biased into engagement with a valve seat to block flow and mounted to swing out of engagement with the seat when a given turbine inlet pressure is exceeded thereby bypassing hot gas flow around the turbine. The mounting arrangement for the closure member is insensitive to build up of hot gas deposits and does not significantly increase the overall envelope of the turbine housing.

Changes in the cell surface of the dimorphic forms of Candida albicans by treatment with hydrolytic enzymes.

Abstract: SUMMARY: The release of acid phosphatase and polysaccharide-peptide complexes by hydrolytic enzymes from the surface of the blastospore and mycelial forms of Candida albicans has been examined in cells from 4 h and 18 h cultures and the results correlated with the appearance of the treated cells in the electron microscope. Treatment with dithiothreitol was necessary for the degradative action of the enzymes to occur. Material released by all the treatments used had a similar qualitative composition, but the proportions of mannan, glucan, peptide and acid phosphatase varied with different treatments and with the type of cell examined, 1,3-β-Glucanase was required for major changes in the cell wall to be effected, but a significant amount of material was released with a chitinase preparation containing some protease activity. Protoplasts were obtained from all types of cell using Cytophaga lytic enzyme L1 which had 1,3-β-glucanase and protease activity, but the purified 1,3-β-glucanase and protease prepared from Streptomyces violaceus cultures required the presence of a chitinase before protoplasts were released. The bonding association between the major components which comprise the cell wall, and the spatial distribution of these macromolecules, varies appreciably between the two dimorphic forms and with the age of the culture.

Programme of Action on the Establishment of a New International Economic Order

Abstract: In view of the continuing severe economic imbalance in the relations between developed and developing countries, and in the context of the constant and continuing aggravation of the imbalance of the economies of the developing countries and the consequent need for the mitigation of their current economic difficulties, urgent and effective measures need to be taken by the international community to assist the developing countries, while devoting particular attention to the least developed, land-locked and island developing countries and those developing countries most seriously affected by economic crises and natural calamities leading to serious retardation of development processes.

Bearing retaining plate

Abstract: The disclosure illustrates a bearing retaining plate for a rotating sleeve bearing of a turbocharger shaft. The plate has a central aperture receiving the shaft and a plurality of circular apertures merging with the central aperture to form restraining fingers having a contact area with the end of the bearing which is no greater than the contact area between its opposite end and another axial restraining device. The plate has integral projections which support a thrust bearing in spaced relationship.

Industrial diffusion, adoption and communication

Abstract: Provides a comprehensive and critical analysis of work done in the field of industrial diffusion, adoption and communication. Suggests that work done in the diffusion of industrial markets is a slow process, and highlights the problems of conditional and causal‐factors in its examination. Presents a summary of those firms thought to be likely to be innovators.

An Integrated Programme for Commodities

Abstract: Developments in the world economy in 1974 and those now more clearly foreseen for 1975 give added force to the sense of urgency expressed by the Trade and Development Board at the first part of its fourteenth session in calling for a new approach to international commodity problems and policies (resolution 124 (XIV)). The emphasis that now needs to be placed without delay on an international approach to problems of food and raw materials is being shaped by world events. Most important, it is now evident that a serious slowdown is occurring in economic activity in the major industrial countries, accompanied by unabated inflation and radical change in the international payments situation. The transmission of adverse effects to the economies of primary producing countries must be prevented by policies that maintain over-all levels of effective demand and prices for exports. International action on commodities must be prepared to deal with this prospect. Secondly, the imbalances in commodity supply and demand since 1972, together with oil developments and the food crisis, have stimulated a fundamental rethinking of the features of an international trading system that will assure vital supplies to importers, and give adequate incentives to primary producers. This concern is heightened by the extent of the recent upward fluctuations in commodity prices, and the important initiatives taken by producing countries in these circumstances to redress the balance of bargaining power in trade through co-operative association. An integrated commodity programme must incorporate better assurances as to supplies and markets, and greater price stability at levels that are adequate for producers and equitable to consumers; it should also allow for the constructive organization of producers in order to influence the operation of the institutional framework in international trade relations. Thirdly, present difficulties are symptomatic of long-term structural problems in developing economies brought about by concentration and over-dependence on primary production and export. An integrated programme ought therefore not to impede but should rather encourage diversification in agriculture and diversification (especially vertical) in the economy in general, based on fuller co-operation between industrial countries and the primary producing countries in their general trade policies.

Morse theory on timelike and causal curves

Abstract: It is shown that the set of timelike curves in a globally hyperbolic space-time manifold can be given the structure of a Hubert manifold under a suitable definition of “timelike.” The causal curves are the topological closure of this manifold. The Lorentzian energy (corresponding to Milnor's energy, except that the Lorentzian inner product is used) is shown to be a Morse function for the space of causal curves. A fixed end point index theorem is obtained in which a lower bound for the index of the Hessian of the Lorentzian energy is given in terms of the sum of the orders of the conjugate points between the end points.

Luminescence and charge compensation in SnO2:Eu3+

Abstract: The photoluminescence and excitation spectra, thermoluminescence, and cathodoluminescence of SnO2 crystals doped with Eu and charge compensators such as Li or P or Nb are investigated. The characteristic Eu3+ lines and the intrinsic emission band appear together in the luminescence spectrum of SnO2: Eu3+ crystals. However, when a charge compensator, particularly Nb, is added, the intrinsic luminescence is suppressed. The traps which appear on adding Eu3+ are discussed in terms of a simple model which shows that the charge compensation mechanism results in the creation of traps rather than defect luminescence centres. Es werden die Photolumineszenz- und Anregungsspektren, die Thermolumineszenz sowie die Kathodolumineszenz von SnO2-Kristallen untersucht, die mit Eu und Ladungskompensatoren, wie Li, P oder Nb dotiert wurden. Die charakteristischen Eu3+-Linien und die Grundgitteremissionsbande treten gleichzeitig im Lumineszenzspektrum der SnO2:Eu3+-Kristalle auf. Wenn jedoch ein Ladungskompensator, besonders Nb, zugefugt wird, wird die Grundgitterlumineszenz unterdruckt. Die Haftstellen, die nach Eu3+-Dotierung auftreten, werden mit einem einfachen Modell diskutiert, das zeigt, das der Mechanismus der Ladungskompensation mehr in der Bildung von Haftstellen als von Lumineszenzzentren besteht.

The Sixth Special Session of the UN General Assembly

Abstract: The sixth special session of the UN General Assembly was the first such session to be exclusively concerned with international economic affairs. It was summoned following an initiative of President Boumedienne of Algeria and took place in New York in April 1974 with the purpose of discussing problems of raw materials and development.

Fourth Conference of Heads of State or Government of Non-Aligned Countries Algiers, 5–9 September 1973 Economic Declaration

Abstract: The Heads of State or Government of Non-Aligned Countries made a detailed review of the development of economic and social conditions in developing countries in the world context prevailing since the Lusaka Conference on Trade and Development, the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment, the preparation for the multilateral trade negotiations, the reform of the monetary system and the important on the Human Environment, the preparation for the multilateral trade negotiations, the reform of the monetary system and the important Conference of Foreign Ministers of Non-Aligned Countries held at Georgetown.

Recent advances in fungus diseases

Abstract: The speed of change in medicine in recent years makes it difficult to assess those changes which actually constitute advances. Not infrequently the \"advances\" of yesterday become the complications and failures of today. The disastrous effects of systemic triamcinolone in the treatment of psoriasis and of the topical application of fluorinated steroids in rosacea are cases in point. In the field of fungous disease, one of the main changes has been the modification of clinical patterns of disease by intercurrent therapy, especially by steroids and by antibiotics. As a result of this, the clinical presentations of infection by dermatophytes and yeasts tend to merge to a greater extent than they did before the widespread use of these therapeutic agents: consequently, accuracy of diagnosis in the absence of microscopy and culture facilities is becoming increasingly difficult.

More thoughts on TEC

Abstract: We have been sufficiently encouraged by the interest taken in our article published last November to add some further comments about the implications of evolving TEC policy. We would like to stress that our considerable concern is shared by many others, both in colleges and in industry. Our attention has been drawn to the close parallel that exists between the concept of TEC to provide a common scheme for National Certificate and City & Guilds technician courses and those of the Schools Council (Examinations at 16+: proposals for the future) to provide a common scheme for GCE ‘O’ and CSE levels. But what a difference in approach!

Speech by the Prime Minister The RT Hon Harold Wilson, OBE, FRS, MP, at the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting, Kingston, Jamaica, 1 May 1975

Abstract: All of us here have long recognised the need for economic interdependence in our trade and dealings with one another, and in the wider world. Over generations, failure to make this interdependence a reality has been the cause of great suffering, suffering above all for developing countries producing the food and raw materials the world needs, without a fair and assured return.

Washer or hydro-extractors

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention there is provided a washer or fluid extractor comprising a cylindrical basket adapted to be rotated about its longitudinal axis for fluid extracting operations on material placed therein, at least one rope, or other elongate flexible member, extending between a first location in the region of the basket mouth and a second location in the central region of the basket base, the rope tension being selectively adjustable such that, when centrifuging, the rope can take up the profile of the basket interior but, when centrifuging is terminated, the rope can be tightened so that it is displaced inwardly of the cylindrical wall of the basket whereby to dislodge centrifuged material therefrom, means being provided for preventing entanglement of material in the basket with the rope.

Propulsion Gear Units for Gas Turbine Naval Installations

Abstract: The gas turbine is established as a Naval Marine propulsion power unit and the number of ships at sea using the high power gas turbine in association with diesel engines, smaller gas turbine or steam turbine is increasing. Gear unit designs have been evolved to meet the conditions dictated by the engine/propeller shaft positions and the requirements of ship designers. The involvement of the gear designer in the analysis of shaft vibration characteristics is accepted, and the advantage of costly shore testing has been proven in that design modifications could be difficult and expensive to carry out during trials.Copyright © 1976 by ASME

Method of making card clothing with a reinforcing back

Abstract: An arcuate card-clothed element is manufactured by combining a deformable sustaining element which may for example be a slotted stiffener or a layer of fibre glass with a flexible toothed foundation while the sustaining element is in a deformable condition and shaped to the desired arcuate contour of the card-clothed element, and introducing a hardenable bonding medium such as a resin to hold the foundation in the shape of the sustaining element and convert the sustaining element to a substantially rigid state. The card-clothed element may be made in individual sectors, or may comprise sectors cut from a cylindrical assembly built on a former.

Control for a tractor power lift mechanism

Abstract: Adjustable mixed automatic height and draft control apparatus for a tractor power lift mechanism includes a height control rocker actuated by the tractor's rockshaft, a draft control rocker actuated by the tractor's hitch linkage, and a first balance lever moveable relative to either one of the rockers by movement of the other. A control linkage has its point of connection to the first balance lever variable by a first hand lever to adjust the mixture of height and draft control, a second hand lever gives over-riding manual control of the power lift mechanism, and a second balance lever is moveable relative to either one of the control linkage and the other hand lever by movement of the second. The second balance lever actuates the control valve of the power lift mechanism.