Institution
University of Iceland
Education•Reykjavik, Suðurnes, Iceland•
About: University of Iceland is a education organization based out in Reykjavik, Suðurnes, Iceland. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Genome-wide association study. The organization has 5423 authors who have published 16199 publications receiving 694762 citations. The organization is also known as: Háskóli Íslands.
Papers published on a yearly basis
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TL;DR: The national import of fluconazole increased approximately fourfold during the second half of the study, but increased resistance to this agent was not observed.
Abstract: A nationwide study on candidemia was conducted in Iceland from 1980 to 1999. The annual incidence increased from 1.4 cases/100,000 inhabitants/year between 1980 and 1984 to 4.9 cases/100,000 inhabitants/year between 1995 and 1999 (P < 0.0001). Candidemia episodes at university hospitals increased from 0.15/1,000 admissions to 0.55/1,000 admissions (P < 0.0001). Candida albicans was the predominant species responsible (64.4%). The national import of fluconazole increased approximately fourfold during the second half of the study, but increased resistance to this agent was not observed.
182 citations
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University of Leicester1, University of California, Davis2, Genentech3, University of British Columbia4, National Institute for Health Research5, Carlos III Health Institute6, University of Barcelona7, Mahidol University8, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust9, GlaxoSmithKline10, Hull York Medical School11, Clinical Trial Service Unit12, University of Edinburgh13, University College London14, University of Bristol15, Papworth Hospital16, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust17, University of Pittsburgh18, Yale University19, University of Chicago20, University of Iceland21, Brigham and Women's Hospital22, Columbia University23, University of Virginia24, University of Washington25, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine26, National Institutes of Health27, Boston University28, Wake Forest University29, Laval University30, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai31, Merck & Co.32, University Medical Center Groningen33, University of Groningen34, University of Manchester35, University of Liverpool36, University of Oxford37, University of Nottingham38, University of Colorado Denver39
TL;DR: The observation that decreased DEPTOR expression associates with increased susceptibility to IPF supports recent studies demonstrating the importance of mTOR signaling in lung fibrosis, and new signals of association implicating KIF15 and MAD1L1 suggest a possible role of mitotic spindle-assembly genes in IPF susceptibility.
Abstract: Rationale: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a complex lung disease characterized by scarring of the lung that is believed to result from an atypical response to injury of the epithelium. Geno...
182 citations
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Bryn Mawr College1, University of Vermont2, University of Southern Denmark3, University of Montpellier4, Ghent University5, Catholic University of Portugal6, Babeș-Bolyai University7, University of Cologne8, University of New South Wales9, Ankara University10, Autonomous University of Barcelona11, Singapore Ministry of Health12, University of Minho13, University of Iceland14, National Taiwan University15, Vilnius University16, University of Pennsylvania17, The Chinese University of Hong Kong18, Yonsei University19, University of La Frontera20, Harran University21, Turku University Hospital22, Erasmus University Medical Center23, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven24, Hacettepe University25, University of Western Australia26
TL;DR: International comparisons were conducted of preschool children's behavioral and emotional problems as reported on the Child Behavior Checklist by parents in 24 societies, indicating that the rank orders of mean item ratings and internal consistencies of scales were very similar across diverse societies.
Abstract: International comparisons were conducted of preschool children's behavioral and emotional problems as reported on the Child Behavior Checklist for Ages 1½-5 by parents in 24 societies (N = 19,850). Item ratings were aggregated into scores on syndromes; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-oriented scales; a Stress Problems scale; and Internalizing, Externalizing, and Total Problems scales. Effect sizes for scale score differences among the 24 societies ranged from small to medium (3-12%). Although societies differed greatly in language, culture, and other characteristics, Total Problems scores for 18 of the 24 societies were within 7.1 points of the omnicultural mean of 33.3 (on a scale of 0-198). Gender and age differences, as well as gender and age interactions with society, were all very small (effect sizes < 1%). Across all pairs of societies, correlations between mean item ratings averaged .78, and correlations between internal consistency alphas for the scales averaged .92, indicating that the rank orders of mean item ratings and internal consistencies of scales were very similar across diverse societies.
182 citations
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National Institutes of Health1, Harvard University2, University of Leicester3, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill4, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust5, University of Virginia6, University of Edinburgh7, University of Iceland8, University of Washington9, University of Groningen10, Cornell University11, Erasmus University Rotterdam12, University of Basel13, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital14, University of Western Australia15, Boston University16, University of Nottingham17, Veterans Health Administration18, University of Bergen19, Johns Hopkins University20, Washington University in St. Louis21, Ghent University22, Columbia University23, University of Colorado Denver24, RTI International25, University of Cambridge26, Wake Forest University27, University of Auckland28, University of Bristol29, University of Tennessee Health Science Center30, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston31, Group Health Cooperative32, University of Geneva33, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center34, Utrecht University35, University of Toronto36, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research37, St George's, University of London38
TL;DR: An important role is suggested for the CHRNA5/3 region as a genetic risk factor for airflow obstruction that may be independent of smoking and implicate the HTR4 gene in the etiology of airflow obstruction.
Abstract: RATIONALE: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified loci influencing lung function, but fewer genes influencing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are known. OBJECTIVES: Perform meta-analyses of GWAS for airflow obstruction, a key pathophysiologic characteristic of COPD assessed by spirometry, in population-based cohorts examining all participants, ever smokers, never smokers, asthma-free participants, and more severe cases. METHODS: Fifteen cohorts were studied for discovery (3,368 affected; 29,507 unaffected), and a population-based family study and a meta-analysis of case-control studies were used for replication and regional follow-up (3,837 cases; 4,479 control subjects). Airflow obstruction was defined as FEV(1) and its ratio to FVC (FEV(1)/FVC) both less than their respective lower limits of normal as determined by published reference equations. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The discovery meta-analyses identified one region on chromosome 15q25.1 meeting genome-wide significance in ever smokers that includes AGPHD1, IREB2, and CHRNA5/CHRNA3 genes. The region was also modestly associated among never smokers. Gene expression studies confirmed the presence of CHRNA5/3 in lung, airway smooth muscle, and bronchial epithelial cells. A single-nucleotide polymorphism in HTR4, a gene previously related to FEV(1)/FVC, achieved genome-wide statistical significance in combined meta-analysis. Top single-nucleotide polymorphisms in ADAM19, RARB, PPAP2B, and ADAMTS19 were nominally replicated in the COPD meta-analysis. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest an important role for the CHRNA5/3 region as a genetic risk factor for airflow obstruction that may be independent of smoking and implicate the HTR4 gene in the etiology of airflow obstruction.
181 citations
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TL;DR: Incorporation of the rigid spin label C allows determination of both distance and orientation of two nitroxide spin labels in DNA by PELDOR experiments at common X-band frequencies.
Abstract: The central paradigm for the mechanistic understanding of biomolecular function is the idea that the structure and dynamics of a biomolecule determine its function. Of the methods capable of revealing structural data, X-ray diffraction has procured detailed information of large biomacromolecular complexes at atomic resolution. [1] However, it is not always possible to crystallize such large systems, and the structure in the crystal may not represent the functional state in solution. [2] High-resolution liquid-state NMR spectroscopy can be applied in solution and yields information about dynamics [3] but is currently restricted to systems smaller than approximately 50 kDa. Thus, for structural studies on large biomolecules in solution, other biophysical methods are required, for example fluorescence and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. [4, 5] Both methods enable the measurement of distances on the nanometer scale between fluorophores or paramagnetic centers, respectively, giving access to domain arrangements and movements. In EPR spectroscopy, techniques based on pulsed electron– electron double resonance (PELDOR or DEER) [6] or double quantum coherence (DQC) [7] have been used to determine distances in the range of 1.5 to 8 nm with high accuracy. Especially PELDOR is commonly applied for nanometer distance measurements between nitroxides, cofactors, and metal centers and to count the number of monomers in aggregates. [8, 9] In both cases, the pulse sequences measure the
181 citations
Authors
Showing all 5561 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Albert Hofman | 267 | 2530 | 321405 |
Kari Stefansson | 206 | 794 | 174819 |
Ronald Klein | 194 | 1305 | 149140 |
Eric Boerwinkle | 183 | 1321 | 170971 |
Unnur Thorsteinsdottir | 167 | 444 | 121009 |
Vilmundur Gudnason | 159 | 837 | 123802 |
Hakon Hakonarson | 152 | 968 | 101604 |
Bernhard O. Palsson | 147 | 831 | 85051 |
Andrew T. Hattersley | 146 | 768 | 106949 |
Fernando Rivadeneira | 146 | 628 | 86582 |
Rattan Lal | 140 | 1383 | 87691 |
Jonathan G. Seidman | 137 | 563 | 89782 |
Christine E. Seidman | 134 | 519 | 67895 |
Augustine Kong | 134 | 237 | 89818 |
Timothy M. Frayling | 133 | 500 | 100344 |