Institution
University of Iceland
Education•Reykjavik, Suðurnes, Iceland•
About: University of Iceland is a education organization based out in Reykjavik, Suðurnes, Iceland. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Genome-wide association study. The organization has 5423 authors who have published 16199 publications receiving 694762 citations. The organization is also known as: Háskóli Íslands.
Papers published on a yearly basis
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University of Bonn1, University of Western Australia2, Western General Hospital3, University of Kiel4, King's College London5, Cardiff University6, Teikyo University7, Trinity College, Dublin8, Johns Hopkins University9, University of Geneva10, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli11, University of Pennsylvania12, Massachusetts Institute of Technology13, Rockefeller University14, Novartis15, Centre national de la recherche scientifique16, Virginia Commonwealth University17, Queen's University Belfast18, National Institutes of Health19, Imperial College London20, University of the Witwatersrand21, Stony Brook University22, Warneford Hospital23, University of Milan24, University College London25, University of Iceland26, Queen Mary University of London27, University of Utah28, Allegheny University of the Health Sciences29, University of Queensland30, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute31, University of Iowa32, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai33, Columbia University34, Erasmus University Rotterdam35
TL;DR: Results are interpreted as inconclusive but suggestive of linkage in the latter two regions, and it is concluded that multicenter follow-up linkage studies of complex disorders can help to direct research efforts toward promising regions.
Abstract: In response to reported schizophrenia linkage findings on chromosomes 3, 6 and 8, fourteen research groups genotyped 14 microsatellite markers in an unbiased, collaborative (New) sample of 403-567 informative pedigrees per marker, and in the Original sample which produced each finding (the Johns Hopkins University sample of 46-52 informative pedigrees for chromosomes 3 and 8, and the Medical College of Virginia sample of 156-191 informative pedigrees for chromosome 6). Primary planned analyses (New sample) were two-point heterogeneity lod score (lod2) tests (dominant and recessive affected-only models), and multipoint affected sibling pair (ASP) analysis, with a narrow diagnostic model (DSM-IIIR schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders). Regions with positive results were also analyzed in the Original and Combined samples. There was no evidence for linkage on chromosome 3. For chromosome 6, ASP maximum lod scores (MLS) were 2.19 (New sample, nominal p = 0.001) and 2.68 (Combined sample, p = .0004). For chromosome 8, maximum lod2 scores (tests of linkage with heterogeneity) were 2.22 (New sample, p = .0014) and 3.06 (Combined sample, p = .00018). Results are interpreted as inconclusive but suggestive of linkage in the latter two regions. We discuss possible reasons for failing to achieve a conclusive result in this large sample. Design issues and limitations of this type of collaborative study are discussed, and it is concluded that multicenter follow-up linkage studies of complex disorders can help to direct research efforts toward promising regions.
176 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented the second catalog of LAT-detected GRBs, covering the first 10 yr of operations, from 2008 to 2018 August 4, and found a total of 186 GRBs are found; of these, 91 showed emission in the range 30-100 MeV (17 of which were seen only in this band) and 169 are detected above 100 MeV.
Abstract: The Large Area Telescope (LAT) aboard the Fermi spacecraft routinely observes high-energy emission from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Here we present the second catalog of LAT-detected GRBs, covering the first 10 yr of operations, from 2008 to 2018 August 4. A total of 186 GRBs are found; of these, 91 show emission in the range 30–100 MeV (17 of which are seen only in this band) and 169 are detected above 100 MeV. Most of these sources were discovered by other instruments (Fermi/GBM, Swift/BAT, AGILE, INTEGRAL) or reported by the Interplanetary Network (IPN); the LAT has independently triggered on four GRBs. This catalog presents the results for all 186 GRBs. We study onset, duration, and temporal properties of each GRB, as well as spectral characteristics in the 100 MeV–100 GeV energy range. Particular attention is given to the photons with the highest energy. Compared with the first LAT GRB catalog, our rate of detection is significantly improved. The results generally confirm the main findings of the first catalog: the LAT primarily detects the brightest GBM bursts, and the high-energy emission shows delayed onset as well as longer duration. However, in this work we find delays exceeding 1 ks and several GRBs with durations over 10 ks. Furthermore, the larger number of LAT detections shows that these GRBs not only cover the high-fluence range of GBM-detected GRBs but also sample lower fluences. In addition, the greater number of detected GRBs with redshift estimates allows us to study their properties in both the observer and rest frames. Comparison of the observational results with theoretical predictions reveals that no model is currently able to explain all results, highlighting the role of LAT observations in driving theoretical models.
176 citations
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TL;DR: Olivine and clinopyroxene phenocrysts contained in late Tertiary basalts from Selardalur, northwest Iceland, carry volatiles with the highest helium isotope ratio yet reported for any mantle plume as discussed by the authors.
176 citations
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University of Sydney1, University of Giessen2, University of Guelph3, University of Copenhagen4, University of Pretoria5, University of Calgary6, University of Thessaly7, Universidade Federal de Viçosa8, Friedrich Loeffler Institute9, GLA University10, Seoul National University11, National Autonomous University of Mexico12, University of Ljubljana13, University of Wisconsin-Madison14, Bangladesh Agricultural University15, Université de Montréal16, Atlantic Veterinary College17, Austral University of Chile18, University of Antioquia19, Central University of Ecuador20, ANSES21, University of Iceland22, Shiraz University23, Ministero della Salute24, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization25, Massey University26, University of Ibadan27, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn28, National Veterinary Institute29, Scotland's Rural College30, United States Department of Agriculture31, University of Minnesota32, University of Zambia33, Institut national de la recherche agronomique34, Central University of Venezuela35
TL;DR: An holistic approach across all ruminant livestock industries and long-term commitment is required for control of paratuberculosis.
Abstract: Paratuberculosis, a chronic disease affecting ruminant livestock, is caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). It has direct and indirect economic costs, impacts animal welfare and arouses public health concerns. In a survey of 48 countries we found paratuberculosis to be very common in livestock. In about half the countries more than 20% of herds and flocks were infected with MAP. Most countries had large ruminant populations (millions), several types of farmed ruminants, multiple husbandry systems and tens of thousands of individual farms, creating challenges for disease control. In addition, numerous species of free-living wildlife were infected. Paratuberculosis was notifiable in most countries, but formal control programs were present in only 22 countries. Generally, these were the more highly developed countries with advanced veterinary services. Of the countries without a formal control program for paratuberculosis, 76% were in South and Central America, Asia and Africa while 20% were in Europe. Control programs were justified most commonly on animal health grounds, but protecting market access and public health were other factors. Prevalence reduction was the major objective in most countries, but Norway and Sweden aimed to eradicate the disease, so surveillance and response were their major objectives. Government funding was involved in about two thirds of countries, but operations tended to be funded by farmers and their organizations and not by government alone. The majority of countries (60%) had voluntary control programs. Generally, programs were supported by incentives for joining, financial compensation and/or penalties for non-participation. Performance indicators, structure, leadership, practices and tools used in control programs are also presented. Securing funding for long-term control activities was a widespread problem. Control programs were reported to be successful in 16 (73%) of the 22 countries. Recommendations are made for future control programs, including a primary goal of establishing an international code for paratuberculosis, leading to universal acknowledgment of the principles and methods of control in relation to endemic and transboundary disease. An holistic approach across all ruminant livestock industries and long-term commitment is required for control of paratuberculosis.
176 citations
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TL;DR: The state of the art in underground gamma-ray spectrometry is described and needs of deep underground facilities for higher sensitivity measurements are discussed.
176 citations
Authors
Showing all 5561 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Albert Hofman | 267 | 2530 | 321405 |
Kari Stefansson | 206 | 794 | 174819 |
Ronald Klein | 194 | 1305 | 149140 |
Eric Boerwinkle | 183 | 1321 | 170971 |
Unnur Thorsteinsdottir | 167 | 444 | 121009 |
Vilmundur Gudnason | 159 | 837 | 123802 |
Hakon Hakonarson | 152 | 968 | 101604 |
Bernhard O. Palsson | 147 | 831 | 85051 |
Andrew T. Hattersley | 146 | 768 | 106949 |
Fernando Rivadeneira | 146 | 628 | 86582 |
Rattan Lal | 140 | 1383 | 87691 |
Jonathan G. Seidman | 137 | 563 | 89782 |
Christine E. Seidman | 134 | 519 | 67895 |
Augustine Kong | 134 | 237 | 89818 |
Timothy M. Frayling | 133 | 500 | 100344 |