scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Institution

University of Iceland

EducationReykjavik, Suðurnes, Iceland
About: University of Iceland is a education organization based out in Reykjavik, Suðurnes, Iceland. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Genome-wide association study. The organization has 5423 authors who have published 16199 publications receiving 694762 citations. The organization is also known as: Háskóli Íslands.


Papers
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is concluded that human society must plan adaptation and mitigation measures for the full breadth of impacts in all affected regions caused by glacier shrinkage, and changes in river hydrology and morphology caused by climate-induced glacier loss are projected to be the greatest of any hydrological system.
Abstract: Glaciers cover ∼10% of the Earth’s land surface, but they are shrinking rapidly across most parts of the world, leading to cascading impacts on downstream systems. Glaciers impart unique footprints on river flow at times when other water sources are low. Changes in river hydrology and morphology caused by climate-induced glacier loss are projected to be the greatest of any hydrological system, with major implications for riverine and near-shore marine environments. Here, we synthesize current evidence of how glacier shrinkage will alter hydrological regimes, sediment transport, and biogeochemical and contaminant fluxes from rivers to oceans. This will profoundly influence the natural environment, including many facets of biodiversity, and the ecosystem services that glacier-fed rivers provide to humans, particularly provision of water for agriculture, hydropower, and consumption. We conclude that human society must plan adaptation and mitigation measures for the full breadth of impacts in all affected regions caused by glacier shrinkage.

357 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Timothy R. Rebbeck1, Nandita Mitra1, Fei Wan1, Olga M. Sinilnikova2  +258 moreInstitutions (101)
07 Apr 2015-JAMA
TL;DR: In this paper, the relationship between specific mutations in BRCA1 and cancer risk has been investigated and limited information about the relationship has been available about specific mutations for specific mutations.
Abstract: Limited information about the relationship between specific mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 (BRCA1/2) and cancer risk exists.

355 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Cyclodextrins, a group of oligosaccharides formed by glucose units bound together in a ring, show a promising ability to form complexes with drug molecules and improve their physicochemical properties without molecular modifications, but their solubility is affected by the complex formation.
Abstract: Cyclodextrins (CDs), a group of oligosaccharides formed by glucose units bound together in a ring, show a promising ability to form complexes with drug molecules and improve their physicochemical properties without molecular modifications. The stoichiometry of drug/CD complexes is most frequently 1:1. However, natural CDs have a tendency to self-assemble and form aggregates in aqueous media. CD aggregation can limit their solubility. Through derivative formation, it is possible to enhance their solubility and complexation capacity, but this depends on the type of substituent and degree of substitution. Formation of water-soluble drug/CD complexes can increase drug permeation through biological membranes. To maximize drug permeation the amount of added CD into pharmaceutical preparation has to be optimized. However, solubility of CDs, especially that of natural CDs, is affected by the complex formation. The presence of pharmaceutical excipients, such as water-soluble polymers, preservatives, and surfactants, can influence the solubilizing abilities of CDs, but this depends on the excipients’ physicochemical properties. The competitive CD complexation of drugs and excipients has to be considered during formulation studies.

355 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The risk variant identified here is located close to CAV1 and CAV2, both of which are expressed in the trabecular meshwork and retinal ganglion cells that are involved in the pathogenesis of POAG.
Abstract: We conducted a genome-wide association study for primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in 1,263 affected individuals (cases) and 34,877 controls from Iceland. We identified a common sequence variant at 7q31 (rs4236601[ A], odds ratio (OR) = 1.36, P = 5.0 x 10(-10)). We then replicated the association in sample sets of 2,175 POAG cases and 2,064 controls from Sweden, the UK and Australia (combined OR = 1.18, P = 0.0015) and in 299 POAG cases and 580 unaffected controls from Hong Kong and Shantou, China (combined OR = 5.42, P = 0.0021). The risk variant identified here is located close to CAV1 and CAV2, both of which are expressed in the trabecular meshwork and retinal ganglion cells that are involved in the pathogenesis of POAG.

355 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluated the hydrolysis constants for aqueous Fe(III) and 2-line ferrihydrite over a wide concentration range (0−3 M NaClO4 and p[H+] 1.54−11.23).
Abstract: UV−vis spectrophotometric measurements, potentiometric titrations, and solubility measurements were performed to evaluate the hydrolysis constants for aqueous Fe(III) and the solubility of 2-line ferrihydrite over a wide concentration range (0−3 M NaClO4 and p[H+] 1.54−11.23). From these measurements, Fe3+ was found to hydrolyze to form FeOH2+, Fe2(OH)24+ , Fe(OH)2+ , Fe(OH)30, and Fe(OH)4- . The hydrolysis and solubility constants of these species were determined together with their dependence on ionic strength. The iron(III) hydrolysis constants at infinity dilution were (logβ1,1 to logβ1,4 and logβ2,2) −2.19 ± 0.02, −5.76 ± 0.06, −14.30 ± 0.32, −21.71 ± 0.24, and −2.92 ± 0.02, respectively. The solubility product for 2-line ferrihydrite was (logKs,0) +3.50 ± 0.20. The results have been compared with literature values.

354 citations


Authors

Showing all 5561 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Albert Hofman2672530321405
Kari Stefansson206794174819
Ronald Klein1941305149140
Eric Boerwinkle1831321170971
Unnur Thorsteinsdottir167444121009
Vilmundur Gudnason159837123802
Hakon Hakonarson152968101604
Bernhard O. Palsson14783185051
Andrew T. Hattersley146768106949
Fernando Rivadeneira14662886582
Rattan Lal140138387691
Jonathan G. Seidman13756389782
Christine E. Seidman13451967895
Augustine Kong13423789818
Timothy M. Frayling133500100344
Network Information
Related Institutions (5)
Lund University
124.6K papers, 5M citations

94% related

University of Helsinki
113.1K papers, 4.6M citations

93% related

University of Copenhagen
149.7K papers, 5.9M citations

93% related

Utrecht University
139.3K papers, 6.2M citations

91% related

University of Colorado Boulder
115.1K papers, 5.3M citations

89% related

Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202377
2022209
20211,222
20201,118
20191,140
20181,070