Showing papers by "University of Jena published in 1975"

Cellular features in desmoid fibromatosis and well-differentiated fibrosarcomas: an electron microscopic study.

Abstract: In the study presented here the ultrastructural cellular features of three desmoids and four well-differentiated fibrosarcomas were compared. Electron microscopically, the tumors were almost identical relative to qualitative traits. The majority of cells corresponded to fibroblast-like cells with certain morphological variations. Especially cells with characteristics of myofibroblasts must be emphasized, whereas cells with an organelle composition of classical fibroblasts were surprisingly seldom. Considering the relations of cells to each other and to vessels the prevailing origin of tumor cells from preexisting fibroblasts is suggested.

Cellular composition of the so-called dermatofibroma (histiocytoma cutis).

Abstract: 9 typical cases of dermatofibroma or histiocytoma cutis resp. were studied by the aid of histochemical, enzyme histochemical and electron microscopical methods to examine the cellular composition of these lesions. The results suggest an anabolic and katabolic function of cells. Electron microscopically a broad spectrum of patterns of mesenchymal cells was found. Besides defined fibroblast-like and histiocyte-like elements a cell type was detected which was characterized by particular traits, as irregularnuclear outline, abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum, free ribosomes, bundles of filaments with single dense zones, micropinocytotic vesicles and a basement membrane-like material on the outer cell surface. This cell type constitutes the majority of cells in dermatofibroma or histiocytoma cutis resp. In some cells an arrangement of filament bundles resembling that in smooth muscle could be seen. By reason of these findings a certain resemblance to the so-called myofibroblasts can be stated. The variegation of the morphological picture suggests a multipotent precursor cell; the possibility of an origin from pericytes is discussed.

Some thoughts on the perception of ultrasonics by man.

Abstract: After a short specification of the ultrasonic transmitter device by which the test frequencies of 20, 40, 60 and 100 kHz could be emitted by means of a transmitter fixed to the forehead of the subject with constant pressure, the mean perception threshold for ultrasonics is described, which had been recorded by using the wide-band noise of the audiometer MA 30. Both curves do not differ considerably so that ultrasonic investigations can be carried out in the presence of working noise without producing wrong measurement results. A comparison of perception between ultrasonic frequencies and audio frequencies in the hearing range showed that ultrasonics produce, independent of the stimulation frequency, the same sensory impression as a sound at a frequency of about 12 or 13 kHz. Applying this method to hard of hearing subjects with noise induced hearing damages and deaf subjects had the following results:

Ultrastructure of the prothoracic gland cells of the last instar of Galleria mellonella in relation to the state of development.

Abstract: The prothoracic glands of the last instar of Galleria mellonella undergo characteristic alterations of their cellular fine structure closely related to cellular activity. During progressive secretory activity of the gland cells there are extensive plasmalemmal infoldings and formation of a pronounced lacunar system. Mitochondria of the active cell phase are characterized by a specific increase in size and paler colour of the matrix. In contrast to the alterations, nuclei, ER and Golgi cisterns do not undergo any submicroscopic changes during the different phases of cellular activity. The relationships between the substructural phenomena and the specific phases of cellular activity are discussed.

Studies on the thermal characterization of vitreous chalcogenides

Abstract: The special position occupied by glasses amongst solids is again underlined by their thermal behaviour. This feature was studied using As2Se3 as model glass. The range of transformation characteristic of glass is less sharply defined than the freezing point. In the thermal characterization of glass the former is highly dependent on the rate of heating and the thermal history of the glass. The recrystallization and melting temperatures are subject to corresponding modifications.

Ultrastructural detection of lectin receptors by cytochemical affinity reaction using mannan-iron complex

Abstract: A two-step affinity reaction is described for electron microscopic demonstration of the Concanavalin A as well as the Lens culinaris lectin receptors by means of the yeast mannan-iron complex. First the tissue was incubated in the lectin. Afterwards the incubation in the yeast mannan-iron complex was performed and reaction takes place between the still free second sugar binding site of membrane bound lectin molecules and the polysaccharides. This membrane receptor-lectin-polysaccharide complex is revealed by the electron dense iron core of the yeast mannan-iron complex. The specificity of the reactions could be demonstrated by addition of the hapten or by incubation in the yeast mannan-iron complex only. The proposed technique has proved useful for demonstration of lectin receptors in the small intestine.

Beiträge zur Taxonomie und Chorologie der mitteleuropäischen Utricularia‐Arten 2. Androsporogenese, Chromosomenzahlen und Pollenmorphologie

Abstract: 1 Die Androsporogenese und die Pollenbildung von U. vulgaris L., U. intermedia Hayne und U. minor L. verlauft im allgemeinen typisch und normal, die von U. australis R. Br., U. ochroleuca Hartm. und U. bremii Heer dagegen stark gestort. Hier kommt es zur Restkern-, Zwergpollen- und Polyadenbildung sowie zum Pollenabort. Die Storungen konnen fur die bekannte Sterilitat der drei Sippen verantwortlich gemacht werden. 2 Die Chromosomenzahl von U. vulgaris L., U. australis R. Br., U. intermedia Hayne, U. ochroleuca Hartm. und U. minor L. betragt n = 22. Daneben treten bei U. australis R. Br. und U. ochroleuca Hartm. Zahlen zwischen n = 18 und n = 24 auf. 3 Der Pollen aller Arten auser U. bremii Heer ist 10–19-stephanocolporat. Die Endoaperturen bilden einen Endocolpus transversalis. Syncolpie der Ectoaperturen tritt gelegentlich auf. Die Grose der Normalpollen betragt fur die Polachse 25–45 μm, fur den Aquatordurchmesser 22–38 μm. Die Exine ist punctitectat; infratectale Bacula sind vorhanden. 4 Der Pollen von U. bremii Heer ist unregelmasig spiraperturat. Seine Oberflache erinnert in ihrem Aussehen an „Gehirnwindungen”. 5 Der Pollen der mitteleuropaischen Arten reprasentiert den am starksten abgeleiteten Typ der Gattung. 1 Microsporogenesis and pollen development in U. vulgaris L., U. intermedia Hayne, and U. minor L. occur typically. In U. australis R. Br., U. ochroleuca Hartm., and U. bremii Heer formation of micronuclei, micropollen, of polyades and abortion of pollen were observed. These aberrations may be responsible for the often affirmed sterility of the mentioned taxa. 2 In U. vulgaris L., U. australis R. Br., U. intermedia Hayne, U. ochroleuca Hartm., and U. minor L. the number of chromosomes is n = 22. In U. australis R. Br. and U. ochroleuca Hartm. we occasionally counted n = 18, 19, 20, 23 or 24 chromosomes. 3 The pollen grains of all species but U. bremii Heer are 10–19-stephanocolporate. The endoapertures form an endocolpus transversalis; syncolpy of the ectoapertures occurs here and there. The size of normal pollen grains is for the polar axis 25–45 μm, for the equatorial diameter 22–38 μm. The exine is punctitectate; bacules infratectales occur. 4 The pollen grains of U. bremii Heer are irregularily spiroaperturate. Their surfaces look like the windings of the brain. 5 The pollen grains of the centraleuropean species represent the most derived type of the genus.

Morphogenesis of intracytoplasmic dense (inclusion) bodies in a recurring digital fibrous tumor of childhood. Light- and electron-microscopic investigations.

Abstract: This study presents the results of light-microscopic, histoehemical, and electronmicroscopic investigations of dense (inclusion) bodies in a recurring digital fibrous tumor of childhood. At ultrastructural level it was possible to observe several stages of development correlated with changes of ergastoplasmic reticulum. The viral nature of these bodies was refuted and the conclusion was drawn that their formation is associated with a disturbed intracellular metabolism. The defective intracellular transport of collagen precursors followed by abnormal deposition of collagenous proteins, which are also to some extent abnormally aggregated, could be of special importance.

Electron microscopic demonstration of cell surface carbohydrates by means of peroxidase and ferritin complexes of the Lens culinaris lection.

Abstract: The use of Lens culinaris lectin for electron microscopic detection of D-mannose, D-glucose and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine like sites on tumor cells, erythrocytes, erythrocyte ghosts, cultured rat liver cells and various tissues of mice is demonstrated. In addition to Lens culinaris lectin-peroxidase reaction (LcL-po reaction) the preparation of active Lens culinaris lectin-ferritin conjugate are described and the specificity of cytochemical reactions are demonstrated. Furthermore experiments by immuno freeze-etching are reported for topological analysis of the lectin receptors.

The subcutaneous fascial analogue of myositis proliferans: electron microscopic examination of two cases and comparison with myositis ossificans localisata.

Abstract: Two cases of the so-called fascial analogue of myositis proliferans were investigated by histological and electron microscopic methods. It was found that the structure of the fascial variant corresponds almost completely to the true myositis proliferans localized within the musculature. The electron microscopic observations show a preponderantly histiocytic differentiation of the cells and strongly activated proliferating capillaries, and exclude a myogenic origin of the characteristic ganglion-like giant cells. Ultrastructurally a traumatic genesis appears possibly, the cells of the lesion could derive from multipotent cells of the microvasculature. The relations to myositis ossificans and fasciitis nodularis are discussed.

Untersuchungen an elektronenleitenden Oxidsystemen. IV [1] Uber die Verbindungen Ba2VSi2O3 und BaVSi3O7

Abstract: Darstellung und Eigenschaften von Ba2VSi2O3 und BaVSi2O7 werden beschrieben. Die Verbindungen schmelzen kongruent bei 1290 bzw. 1320°C. Ihre Schmelzen bilden bei hinreichend rascher Abkuhlung Glaser von tiefbraunschwarzem Aussehen, deren Reflexionsspektren wenig charakteristisch sind. Die kristallinen Substanzen weisen dagegen ausgepragte Ligandenfeldspektren auf. Investigations on Electronically Conducting Oxide Systems. IV. About the Compounds Ba2VSi2O3 and BaVSi2O7 Preparation and properties of Ba2VSi2O3 and BaVSi2O7 are described. The compounds melt congruently at 1290 and 1320°C, respectively. Their melts form black glasses, when the cooling rate is high enough. The spectra of the vitreous materials show a broad unspecific absorption in the visible range, but the crystalline substances have an instructive ligand field spectrum.

Jugular body tumors: hyperplasias or true neoplasms? Light and electron microscopical investigations.

Abstract: Problems of classification of certain growth processes were discussed using jugular body tumors to find out cytological criteria for characterizing growth traits. For this purpose light microscopical (9 cases), electron microscopical (6 cases) and enzyme histochemical investigations (3 cases) were performed. For comparison 4 carotid body tumors were examined. We are inclined to assume a neoplastic nature. An explanation as hyperplastic proliferation is refuted because a remarkable cellular variation in size and form, only sparse nerve fibers and lacking synaptic contacts, because submicroscopical features and because the clinical picture and course of the disease. It is pointed to the origin of the tumor cells from rudimentary endocrine-like cells occurring in the glomus jugulare-tympanicum in analogy to other neoplasias. The clinical symptoms, the course and the pathologic anatomical pattern suggest an interpretation of jugular body tumors as potential malignant growths.

Diffraction efficiency of volume holograms

Abstract: In this paper we give an exact solution of the coupled differential equation system as developed by Kogelnik [1] for the case of symmetrical recording without neglecting the second differentials. This generalized solution is applicable to dielectric, absorption and so-called mixed volume holograms. It is shown that under special assumptions and approximations we get the same equations for the diffraction efficiency as derived by Kogelnik. In this first part of the paper transmission holograms are only investigated and in the second part we will give the solution for reflection holograms.

Shaping and shortening of short light pulses by absorption from excited levels

Abstract: It is proposed to shape pulses by a combination of a saturable single-photon absorber and a two-step absorber in which an absorption from higher electronic levels populated by two-photon excitation is used. Pulse formation and shortening by means of this combination is calculated on the basis of balance equations. Thereby pulses with steeper front and back sides and of changeable duration are obtained, whereas the application of a saturable single-photon absorber alone gives only a significant suppression of the leading edge of the pulse.

Diffraction of a Plane Electromagnetic Wave at a Schwarzschild Black Hole

Abstract: Using the technique of Debye potentials a rigorous solution of the diffraction problem is given as a superposition of an incident wave, strongly connected with the Coulomb scattering wave function, and a scattered wave, which is purely outgoing for large distances. The solution fulfils the boundary conditions to be the light of a very distant star and to be purely ingoing at the Schwarzschild horizon. The phase shifts of the partial waves are evaluated in the WBK approximation.

A hierarchy of regular sequence sets

Abstract: In the paper STAIGER/WAGNER [I] several topological classes of regular sequence sets are characterized both by suitable notions of acceptance for finite automata and also without the notion of automaton, namely the classes of regular open, closed, G~ F~ , G~ and F~ -setss respectively. As an information about further investigations in this field, in the present paper a survey about a hierarchy of reducibility degress of regular sequence sets generated by m-reducing with finite automata is given. These degrees can be characterized as complexity classes with respect to suitable complexity measures of finite automata.

Über Glasbildung und Eigenschaften von Chalkogenidsystemen. VII. Anwendung der Theorie des freien Volumens auf Gläser und Schmelzen im System Germanium‐Selen

Abstract: Es wird uber Messungen der Temperaturabhangigkeit des Molvolumens von Glasern und Schmelzen der Zusammensetzung Ge5Se7, Ge2Se3, Ge3Se7, GeSe3 und GeSe5 berichtet. Das aus der gefundenen Abhangigkeit berechnete freie Volumen wird mit Literaturangaben zur Viskositat der Schmelzen zwecks Ermittlung des kritischen Lochvolumens und Abschatzung der Flieseinheit korreliert. Fur die GeSe2−Se-Schmelzen ergibt sich Se als Flieseinheit. Der Mechanismus wird diskutiert. Application of the Free Volume Theory to Glasses and Melts in the System Germanium–Selenium The temperature dependence on the molar volume of glasses and melts was measured for the compositions: Ge5Se7, Ge2Se3, Ge3Se7, GeSe3, GeSe5. Values of the free volume were calculated. Correlating this values according to free volume theory with data from the literature concerning the viscosity of the melts allows the estimation of the minimum required volume of the voids. Se is found as the unit of viscous flow for GeSe2−Se-melts. The mechanism is discussed.

Characterization of some classes of context-free languages in terms of complexity classes

Abstract: Prom the large mumber of well known results concerning these problems we mention only a few examples. A language is regular if and only if it is acceptable by a bounded regime machine (B.A.Trachtenbrot, J. Hartmanis [8], K5J). A language is context sensitive if and only if it is acceptable by a linear bounded space machine. A language is a deterministic two-way stack language if and only if it is acceptable within time bound n cn (Cook [2]). In all three cases onetape off-line Turing machines are used as accepting devices.

Ein Dielektrizitätskonstanten‐Meßplatz zur Untersuchung optischer Kristalle im Mikrowellenbereich

Abstract: Es wird ein Mesplatz zur Dielektrizitatskonstantenmessung nach dem Resonanzverfahren bei f = 10 GHz beschrieben. Auswerteformeln sowie Grenzen der Mesmethode werden angegeben. Anschliesend werden die Meswerte von ϵ′ und ϵ″ verschieden behandelter optischer Kristalle angegeben. This article reports on a dielectric constant measuring apparatus which operates in the 3 cm microwave range using the method of resonance. Evaluation formulae and limits of the method are indicated. Finally, we will give the values ϵ′ and ϵ″ of optical crystals belonging to different treatments.

Zum Beugungswirkungsgrad von Volumenhologrammen. Teil II. Reflexionshologramme

Abstract: In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden die im Teil I fur Transmissionshologramme durchgefuhrten Untersuchungen auf Reflexionshologramme ubertragen. Es zeigt sich, das die exakte Losung des von Kogelnik [1] abgeleiteten Differentialgleichungssystems fur Reflexionshologramme zu erheblichen Abanderungen gegenuber der Theorie von Kogelnik fuhrt. Das trifft insbesondere fur reine Absorptionsgitter und gemischte Gitter zu. Die von Kogelnik erhaltenen Resultate ergeben sich als Spezialfalle der von uns gewonnenen Gleichungen nach Ausfuhrung entsprechender Naherungen bzw. bei bestimmter Wahl der Materialparameter.

Synthese photochromer 2‐(2′,4′‐Dinitrobenzyl)‐pyridine

Abstract: Es wird die Synthese von 9 neuen photochromen Verbindungen beschrieben, die sich von 2-(2′,4′-Dinitrobenzyl)-pyridin 1 durch Einfuhren von weiteren Substituenten in die Methylengruppe, in 5′-Position des Phenylringes und in Position 4 des Pyridinringes ableiten. Die Synthese der α-Substitutionsprodukte erfolgt durch NBS-Bromierung und Mannich-Reaktion von 1 und durch Folgereaktionen der α-Bromverbindung und der Mannich-Base. In 5′- und 4-Position substituierte Dinitrobenzylpyridine werden durch Nitrierung der entsprechenden substituierten Benzylpyridine erhalten. 2-(2′,′ 4-Dinitro-5′ -natriumsulfonatobenzyl)-pyridin 9f ist wasserloslich, thermisch stabiler als 1, und die blaue Farbform besitzt eine grosere Lebensdauer als die von 1.

Untersuchungen an elektronenleitenden Oxidsystemen. VI [1] Uber die Verbindung Sr6V6O19

Abstract: Bei der Reduktion von Sr2V2O7 durch Wasserstoff wird die Verbindung Sr6V6O19 erhalten. Ihre Phasenbreite erstreckt sich bis zur Zusammensetzung Sr3V8O25. Bei hoherem Reduktionsgrad enthalten die Substanzen die als kubischen Perowskit bekannte Verbindung SrVO3. Sr6V6O19 kristallisiert hexagonal und steht in enger struktureller Beziehung zur Verbindung Sr3V2O8. Die Einheitlichkeit der Substanz wurde sorgfaltig untersucht und unter anderem durch die Mischkristallbildung mit Ba6V6O19 und die Erfullung der Vegardschen Regel belegt. Investigations on Electronically Conducting Oxide Systems. VI. On the Compound Sr6V6O19 Reduction of Sr2V2O7 by hydrogen yields the compound Sr6V6O19. Its structure is conserved up to the composition Sr8V8O25. Further reduction results to substances which contain the cubic perovskite phase SrVO3. Sr6V6O19 crystallizes hexagonally and is closely related to the structure of Sr3V2O8. The uniformity of the substance was investigated carefully. Sr6V6O19 forms solid solutions with Ba6V6O19. Vegards rule is approximately fulfilled.