Showing papers by "University of Johannesburg published in 2013"
TL;DR: Chitosan based nanomaterials have superior physical and chemical properties such as high surface area, porosity, tensile strength, conductivity, photo-luminescent as well as increased mechanical properties as comparison to pure chitOSan.
698 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the spin and parity quantum numbers of the Higgs boson were studied based on the collision data collected by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC, and the results showed that the standard model spin-parity J(...
608 citations
TL;DR: The findings suggest that there were appreciable levels of atmospheric oxygen about 3 billion years ago, more than 600 million years before the Great Oxidation Event and some 300–400 million years earlier than previous indications for Earth surface oxygenation.
Abstract: The distribution of chromium isotopes and redox-sensitive metals in the Nsuze palaeosol and in the Ijzermyn iron formation from the Pongola Supergroup, in South Africa, suggests that there were appreciable levels of atmospheric oxygen about three billion years ago, some 300–400 million years earlier than previous indications for Earth surface oxygenation. The first long-term oxygenation of the Earth's atmosphere — the Great Oxidation Event — is thought to have occurred around 2.3 billion years ago, although there is some geochemical evidence for transient atmospheric oxygenation as early as 2.7 billion years ago. Sean Crowe et al. examine the distribution of chromium isotopes and other metals that act as indicators for oxidative weathering in ancient soil and rock samples from South Africa. Their measurements suggest that oxygen-driven weathering was taking place 3 billion years ago, implying the presence of appreciable levels of atmospheric oxygen. This oxygen was probably produced by photosynthesis, indicating that cyanobacteria may have evolved by this time. This suggests an early evolution of oxygenic photosynthesis, 600 million years before the Great Oxidation Event. It is widely assumed that atmospheric oxygen concentrations remained persistently low (less than 10−5 times present levels) for about the first 2 billion years of Earth’s history1. The first long-term oxygenation of the atmosphere is thought to have taken place around 2.3 billion years ago, during the Great Oxidation Event2,3. Geochemical indications of transient atmospheric oxygenation, however, date back to 2.6–2.7 billion years ago4,5,6. Here we examine the distribution of chromium isotopes and redox-sensitive metals in the approximately 3-billion-year-old Nsuze palaeosol and in the near-contemporaneous Ijzermyn iron formation from the Pongola Supergroup, South Africa. We find extensive mobilization of redox-sensitive elements through oxidative weathering. Furthermore, using our data we compute a best minimum estimate for atmospheric oxygen concentrations at that time of 3 × 10−4 times present levels. Overall, our findings suggest that there were appreciable levels of atmospheric oxygen about 3 billion years ago, more than 600 million years before the Great Oxidation Event and some 300–400 million years earlier than previous indications for Earth surface oxygenation.
543 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the production properties and couplings of the recently discovered Higgs boson using the decays into boson pairs were measured using the complete pp collision data sample recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider at centre-of-mass energies of 7 TeV and 8 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 25/fb.
513 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the luminosity calibration for the ATLAS detector at the LHC during pp collisions at root s = 7 TeV in 2010 and 2011 is presented, and a luminosity uncertainty of delta L/L = +/- 3.5 % is obtained.
Abstract: The luminosity calibration for the ATLAS detector at the LHC during pp collisions at root s = 7 TeV in 2010 and 2011 is presented. Evaluation of the luminosity scale is performed using several luminosity-sensitive detectors, and comparisons are made of the long-term stability and accuracy of this calibration applied to the pp collisions at root s = 7 TeV. A luminosity uncertainty of delta L/L = +/- 3.5 % is obtained for the 47 pb(-1) of data delivered to ATLAS in 2010, and an uncertainty of delta L/L = +/- 1.8 % is obtained for the 5.5 fb(-1) delivered in 2011.
499 citations
TL;DR: Two-particle correlations in relative azimuthal angle and pseudorapidity are measured using the ATLAS detector at the LHC and the resultant Δø correlation is approximately symmetric about π/2, and is consistent with a dominant cos2Δø modulation for all ΣE(T)(Pb) ranges and particle p(T).
Abstract: Two-particle correlations in relative azimuthal angle (Delta phi) and pseudorapidity (Delta eta) are measured in root S-NN = 5.02 TeV p + Pb collisions using the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The measurements are performed using approximately 1 mu b(-1) of data as a function of transverse momentum (p(T)) and the transverse energy (Sigma E-T(Pb)) summed over 3.1 < eta < 4.9 in the direction of the Pb beam. The correlation function, constructed from charged particles, exhibits a long-range (2 < vertical bar Delta eta vertical bar < 5) "near-side" (Delta phi similar to 0) correlation that grows rapidly with increasing Sigma E-T(Pb). A long-range "away-side" (Delta phi similar to pi) correlation, obtained by subtracting the expected contributions from recoiling dijets and other sources estimated using events with small Sigma E-T(Pb), is found to match the near-side correlation in magnitude, shape (in Delta eta and Delta phi) and Sigma E-T(Pb) dependence. The resultant Delta phi correlation is approximately symmetric about pi/2, and is consistent with a dominant cos2 Delta phi modulation for all Sigma E-T(Pb) ranges and particle p(T).
444 citations
TL;DR: The first Fermi-LAT catalog of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is presented in this paper. But it is limited to GRBs detected by the Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor (GBM).
Abstract: In three years of observations since the beginning of nominal science operations in August 2008, the Large Area Telescope (LAT) on board the Fermi Gamma Ray Space Telescope has observed high-energy (>20 MeV) \gamma-ray emission from 35 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Among these, 28 GRBs have been detected above 100 MeV and 7 GRBs above ~ 20 MeV. The first Fermi-LAT catalog of GRBs is a compilation of these detections and provides a systematic study of high-energy emission from GRBs for the first time. To generate the catalog, we examined 733 GRBs detected by the Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor (GBM) on Fermi and processed each of them using the same analysis sequence. Details of the methodology followed by the LAT collaboration for GRB analysis are provided. We summarize the temporal and spectral properties of the LAT-detected GRBs. We also discuss characteristics of LAT-detected emission such as its delayed onset and longer duration compared to emission detected by the GBM, its power-law temporal decay at late times, and the fact that it is dominated by a power-law spectral component that appears in addition to the usual Band model.
352 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a wholistic understanding of factors that influence the development of SLS/SLM processing window, densification, and microstructure of pure Al, Al-Mg, and Al-Si powders, fabricated in single and multiple layer parts by exploring the roles of processing and material parameters was provided.
332 citations
TL;DR: This article conducted a longitudinal study of 140 articles on residents' attitudes to tourism published in the Annals of Tourism Research, Tourism Management, and Journal of Travel Research from 1984 to 2010, concluding that studies on tourism have evolved from being low on methodological sophistication and theoretical awareness to being high on both aspects.
Abstract: This paper is a longitudinal study of 140 articles on residents’ attitudes to tourism published in Annals of Tourism Research, Tourism Management, and Journal of Travel Research from 1984 to 2010. Content analysis was used to determine the nature of the articles and the research approaches used. Although most articles were atheoretical, over the survey period an increasing proportion of studies made use of a variety of theories drawn from other disciplines to investigate the topic. The majority of studies were quantitative in nature, while a few studies used qualitative and mixed-methods approaches. Based on the results, some implications for research design and possibilities for future research are discussed. The paper concludes that studies on the topic have evolved from being low on methodological sophistication and theoretical awareness to being high on both aspects. Research on this topic has reached a stage of active scholarship in theory development followed by empirical testing. The study's limita...
316 citations
TL;DR: This article defined African savannahs as being those areas that receive between 300 and 1,500mm of rain annually and defined lion areas as places that likely have resident lion populations using high-resolution satellite imagery and human population density data.
Abstract: We define African savannahs as being those areas that receive between 300 and 1,500 mm of rain annually. This broad definition encompasses a variety of habitats. Thus defined, savannahs comprise 13.5 million km2 and encompass most of the present range of the African lion (Panthera leo). Dense human populations and extensive conversion of land to human use preclude use by lions. Using high-resolution satellite imagery and human population density data we define lion areas, places that likely have resident lion populations. In 1960, 11.9 million km2 of these savannahs had fewer than 25 people per km2. The comparable area shrank to 9.7 million km2 by 2000. Areas of savannah Africa with few people have shrunk considerably in the last 50 years and human population projections suggest they will likely shrink significantly in the next 40. The current extent of free-ranging lion populations is 3.4 million km2 or about 25 % of savannah area. Habitats across this area are fragmented; all available data indicate that between 32,000 and 35,000 free-ranging lions live in 67 lion areas. Although these numbers are similar to previous estimates, they are geographically more comprehensive. There is abundant evidence of widespread declines and local extinctions. Under the criteria we outline, ten lion areas qualify as lion strongholds: four in East Africa and six in Southern Africa. Approximately 24,000 lions are in strongholds, with an additional 4,000 in potential ones. However, over 6,000 lions are in populations of doubtful long-term viability. Lion populations in West and Central Africa are acutely threatened with many recent, local extinctions even in nominally protected areas.
300 citations
TL;DR: The TIS-6 can be used as a reliable and valid scale to assess turnover intention and for predicting actual turnover as mentioned in this paper, which can therefore be used in research to validly and reliably assess turnover intentions or to predict actual turnover.
Abstract: Orientation: Turnover intention as a construct has attracted increased research attention in the recent past, but there are seemingly not many valid and reliable scales around to measure turnover intention. Research purpose: This study focused on the validation of a shortened, six-item version of the turnover intention scale (TIS-6). Motivation for the study: The research question of whether the TIS-6 is a reliable and a valid scale for measuring turnover intention and for predicting actual turnover was addressed in this study. Research design, approach and method: The study was based on a census-based sample ( n = 2429) of employees in an information, communication and technology (ICT) sector company ( N = 23 134) where the TIS-6 was used as one of the criterion variables. The leavers (those who left the company) in this sample were compared with the stayers (those who remained in the employ of the company) in this sample in respect of different variables used in the study. Main findings: It was established that the TIS-6 could measure turnover intentions reliably (α= 0.80). The TIS-6 could significantly distinguish between leavers and stayers (actual turnover), thereby confirming its criterion-predictive validity. The scale also established statistically significant differences between leavers and stayers in respect of a number of the remaining theoretical variables used in the study, thereby also confirming its differential validity. These comparisons were conducted for both the 4-month and the 4-year period after the survey was conducted. Practical/managerial implications: Turnover intention is related to a number of variables in the study which necessitates a reappraisal and a reconceptualisation of existing turnover intention models. Contribution/value-add: The TIS-6 can be used as a reliable and valid scale to assess turnover intentions and can therefore be used in research to validly and reliably assess turnover intentions or to predict actual turnover.
TL;DR: The authors empirically tested a model of residents' support for the 2012 Olympic Games and found that overall attitude towards the Games mediates the relationship between perceived socio-cultural, economic, and environmental impacts, and residents support for Olympic Games.
University of Minnesota1, University of Oxford2, University of California, Davis3, Charles Darwin University4, Imperial College London5, Utah State University6, University of Cape Town7, Panthera Corporation8, Rhodes University9, Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife10, University of Kent11, Alberta Biodiversity Monitoring Institute12, University of KwaZulu-Natal13, Michigan State University14, University of California, Berkeley15, Tshwane University of Technology16, University of Johannesburg17, Leiden University18, University of Antwerp19, Kenya Wildlife Service20, African Wildlife Foundation21, Mammal Research Institute22, University of Hohenheim23, Wildlife Conservation Society24, Field Museum of Natural History25, National University of Benin26, University of Pretoria27
TL;DR: This work relates African lion population densities and population trends to contrasting management practices across 42 sites in 11 countries to show that lions in unfenced reserves are highly sensitive to human population density in surrounding communities, and unfenced populations are frequently subjected to density-independent factors.
Abstract: Conservationists often advocate for landscape approaches to wildlife management while others argue for physical separation between protected species and human communities, but direct empirical comparisons of these alternatives are scarce. We relate African lion population densities and population trends to contrasting management practices across 42 sites in 11 countries. Lion populations in fenced reserves are significantly closer to their estimated carrying capacities than unfenced populations. Whereas fenced reserves can maintain lions at 80% of their potential densities on annual management budgets of $500 km 2 , unfenced populations require budgets in excess of $2000 km 2 to attain half their potential densities. Lions in fenced reserves are primarily limited by density dependence, but lions in unfenced reserves are highly sensitive to human population densities in surrounding communities, and unfenced populations are frequently subjected to density-independent factors. Nearly half the unfenced lion populations may decline to near extinction over the next 20–40 years.
TL;DR: In this paper, the results of a search for pair production of supersymmetric partners of the Standard Model third-generation quarks are reported using 20.1 fb-1 of pp collisions collected by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider.
Abstract: The results of a search for pair production of supersymmetric partners of the Standard Model third-generation quarks are reported. This search uses 20.1 fb-1 of pp collisions at sqrt{s}=8 TeV collected by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. The lightest bottom and top squarks (b1 and t1 respectively) are searched for in a final state with large missing transverse momentum and two jets identified as originating from b-quarks. No excess of events above the expected level of Standard Model background is found. The results are used to set upper limits on the visible cross section for processes beyond the Standard Model. Exclusion limits at the 95% confidence level on the masses of the third-generation squarks are derived in phenomenological supersymmetric R-parity-conserving models in which either the bottom or the top squark is the lightest squark. The b1 is assumed to decay via b1->b chi0 and the t via t1->b chipm, with undetectable products of the subsequent decay of the chipm due to the small mass splitting between the chipm and the chi0.
TL;DR: In this paper, a search for new phenomena in events with a high-energy jet and large missing transverse momentum is performed using data from proton-proton collisions at root s = 7 TeV with the ATLAS experiment at the Large flatiron Collider.
Abstract: A search for new phenomena in events with a high-energy jet and large missing transverse momentum is performed using data from proton-proton collisions at root s = 7 TeV with the ATLAS experiment at the Large flatiron Collider. Four kinematic regions are explored using a dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.7 fb(-1). No excess of events beyond expectations from Standard Model processes is observed, and limits are set on large extra dimensions and the pair production of dark matter particles.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured the effect of jet suppression in heavy ion collisions at the LHC and provided a direct sensitivity to the physics of jet quenching, using a sample of lead-lead collisions at root S-NN = 2.76 TeV.
TL;DR: In this paper, the improved tensile properties of natural fibers extracted from Borassus fruit were reported for green composites using a 5% concentration sodium hydroxide solution for different periods (1, 4, 8 and 12 hours).
Abstract: Borassus fine fibers possess superior tensile properties and are an important renewable, natural reinforcement material for composites. This paper reports the improved tensile properties of natural fibers extracted from Borassus fruit. Changes occurring in Borassus fibers when treated with a 5% concentration sodium hydroxide solution for different periods (1, 4, 8 and 12 h) were characterized using tensile testing, chemical analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The tensile properties (strength, modulus and % elongation) of the fibers improved by 41, 69 and 40% respectively, after 8 h of alkali treatment. Based on the properties determined for the Borassus fibers, we expect that these fibers will be suitable for use as a reinforcement in green composites.
01 Jan 2013
TL;DR: The catalytic activity of these DENs was evaluated on the reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol by sodium borohydride and these prepared DENs were found to exhibit good activity for this reduction reaction.
Abstract: Here, we report on the synthesis, characterization and catalytic evaluation of Cu, Ag and Au dendrimer encapsulated nanoparticles (DENs). Generations 4-6 of PAMAM-OH and PAMAM-NH(2) were used as templating agents for the synthesis of Cu and Ag-DENs respectively. Generation 4 PAMAM-NH(2) dendrimers were used for the synthesis of Au-DENs. These prepared DENs were characterized using UV visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy as well as a high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The catalytic activity of these DENs was evaluated on the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) to 4-aminophenol (4-AMP) by sodium borohydride (NaBH(4)). The reaction was monitored by UV-vis spectroscopy at λ 400 nm. These prepared DENs were found to exhibit good activity for this reduction reaction.
TL;DR: This article conducted a systematic review of the tourism and adaptation literature prior to 2012 and concluded that adaptation studies in tourism have so far had a limited focus on community perceptions, which in general has been an area of major interest in tourism research.
Abstract: The relationship between tourism and changing climate has been discussed and studied for a relatively long time in tourism research. Over the past 15 years, more focused studies have begun to appear, and especially recently, the issue of adaptation has been emphasised as an urgent research need in tourism and climate change studies. This paper is based on a systematic review of the tourism and adaptation literature prior to 2012. It discusses adaptation challenges, the dimensions of vulnerability in a tourism context and the implications of such studies on communities. By dividing the current adaptation studies into business; consumer; destination; and policy- and framework-focused theme areas and traditions, the paper concludes that adaptation studies in tourism have so far had a limited focus on community perceptions, which in general has been an area of major interest in tourism research. More emphasis on community-based research in relation to tourism and climate change allows highly contextual adapta...
TL;DR: A molecular phylogenetic study of Acacia s.l and close relatives occurring in Africa was conducted using sequence data from matK/trnK, trnL-trnF and psbA-trNH with the aim of determining the placement of the African species in the new generic system.
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27 Apr 2013TL;DR: This paper obtains several results and bounds for the @a-total domination number of a graph G, a graph with no isolated vertex, which is the minimum cardinality of an @ a-total dominating set of G.
Abstract: 1. Introduction.- 2. Properties of Total Dominating Sets and General Bounds.- 3. Complexity and Algorithmic Results.- 4.Total Domination in Trees.- 5.Total Domination and Minimum Degree.- 6. Total Domination in Planar Graphs.- 7. Total Domination and Forbidden Cycles.- 8. Relating the Size and Total Domination Number.- 9. Total Domination in Claw-Free Graphs.- 10. Total Domination Number versus Matching Number.- 11. Total Domination Critical Graphs.- 12. Total Domination and Graph Products.- 13. Graphs with Disjoint Total Dominating Sets.- 14. Total Domination in Graphs with Diameter Two.- 15. Nordhaus-Gaddum Bounds for Total Domination.- 16. Upper Total Domination.- 17.Variations of Total Domination.- 18. Conjectures and Open Problems.- Index.
TL;DR: Although SEM practices have improved in some areas, tourism researchers do not always engage in the recommended best practices, and suggestions to improve use of SEM in tourism studies are discussed.
Abstract: This study reviewed use of covariance-based structural equation modeling (SEM) in 209 articles published in nine tourism journals between 2000 and 2011. Time-series analysis suggested that the number of SEM publications is explained by linear and quadratic time effects. Results indicated that although SEM practices have improved in some areas, tourism researchers do not always engage in the recommended best practices. Problematic areas were related to testing of alternative a priori models, reporting of multivariate normality, estimating effect size, and assessing reliability and validity. Some of the recommended fit indices were also underutilized. The review also found few differences in SEM practices between top-tier journals and other publications in the tourism field. On the basis of these results, suggestions to improve use of SEM in tourism studies are discussed in the light of recent developments in this technique.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured the jet energy resolution using data recorded with the ATLAS detector in proton-proton collisions at root s = 7 TeV, which corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 35 pb(-1).
Abstract: The measurement of the jet energy resolution is presented using data recorded with the ATLAS detector in proton-proton collisions at root s = 7 TeV. The sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 35 pb(-1). Jets are reconstructed from energy deposits measured by the calorimeters and calibrated using different jet calibration schemes. The jet energy resolution is measured with two different in situ methods which are found to be in agreement within uncertainties. The total uncertainties on these measurements range from 20 % to 10 % for jets within vertical bar y vertical bar < 2.8 and with transverse momenta increasing from 30 GeV to 500 GeV. Overall, the Monte Carlo simulation of the jet energy resolution agrees with the data within 10 %.
TL;DR: Optimization of parameters such as the mixing sequence and time, TPP content, and PBSA concentration revealed that blends containing 30 and 10 wt % PBSA and 2 wt% TPP, which were processed for 30 min, were optimal in terms of thermomechanical properties.
Abstract: Polylactide and poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate) (PLA/PBSA) were melt-blended in the presence of triphenyl phosphite (TPP). An increase in the torque during melt mixing was used to monitor the changes in viscosity as compatibilization of the blends occurred. Scanning electron micrographs showed not only a reduction in the dispersed-phase size with increased TPP content but also fibrillated links between the PLA and PBSA phases, signifying compatibilization. Moreover, optimization of parameters such as the mixing sequence and time, TPP content, and PBSA concentration revealed that blends containing 30 and 10 wt % PBSA and 2 wt % TPP, which were processed for 30 min, were optimal in terms of thermomechanical properties. The impact strength increased from 6 kJ/m2 for PLA to 11 and 16 kJ/m2 for blends containing 30 and 10 wt % PBSA, respectively, whereas the elongation-at-break increased from 6% for PLA to 20 and 37% for blends containing 30 and 10 wt % PBSA, respectively. Upon compatibilization, the failu...
TL;DR: Higher thermal stability and crystallinity of nano-cellulose were observed compared to that of precursor from TGA/DSC study, as well as particle size analysis and XRD study.
TL;DR: In this paper, the fundamental functions found in electronic energy processing, the constituent technologies comprising power electronics, and the power electronics technology space in light of the internal driving philosophy of power electronics and its historical development are examined.
Abstract: This paper presents a historical and philosophical perspective on a possible future for power electronics. Technologies have specific life cycles that are driven by internal innovation, subsequently reaching maturity. Power electronics appears to be a much more complex case, functioning as an enabling technology spanning an enormous range of power levels, functions and applications. Power electronics is also divided into many constituent technologies. Till now, the development of power electronics has been driven chiefly by internal semiconductor technology and converter circuit technology, approaching maturity in its internally set metrics, such as efficiency. This paper examines critically the fundamental functions found in electronic energy processing, the constituent technologies comprising power electronics, and the power electronics technology space in light of the internal driving philosophy of power electronics and its historical development. It is finally concluded that, although approaching the limits of its internal metrics indicates internal maturity, the external constituent technologies of packaging, manufacturing, electromagnetic and physical impact, and converter control technology still present remarkable opportunities for development. As power electronics is an enabling technology, its development, together with internal developments, such as wide bandgap semiconductors, will be driven externally by applications in the future.
TL;DR: A survey of selected recent results on independent domination in graphs is offered and it is shown that not every vertex in S is adjacent to a vertex in S .
TL;DR: In this article, a search for new particles decaying to large numbers (7 or more) of jets, with missing transverse momentum and no isolated electrons or muons, was presented for supersymmetry-inspired models where gluinos are pair produced.
Abstract: A search is presented for new particles decaying to large numbers (7 or more) of jets, with missing transverse momentum and no isolated electrons or muons. This analysis uses 20.3 fb−1 of pp collision data at s√=8 TeV collected by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. The sensitivity of the search is enhanced by considering the number of b-tagged jets and the scalar sum of masses of large-radius jets in an event. No evidence is found for physics beyond the Standard Model. The results are interpreted in the context of various simplified supersymmetry-inspired models where gluinos are pair produced, as well as an mSUGRA/CMSSM model.
TL;DR: In this paper, a search for squarks and gluinos in final states containing jets, missing transverse momentum and no high-p(T) electrons or muons is presented.
Abstract: A search for squarks and gluinos in final states containing jets, missing transverse momentum and no high-p(T) electrons or muons is presented. The data represent the complete sample recorded in 2011 by the ATLAS experiment in 7 TeV proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider, with a total integrated luminosity of 4.7 fb(-1). No excess above the Standard Model background expectation is observed. Gluino masses below 860 GeV and squark masses below 1320 GeV are excluded at the 95% confidence level in simplified models containing only squarks of the first two generations, a gluino octet and a massless neutralino, for squark or gluino masses below 2 TeV, respectively. Squarks and gluinos with equal masses below 1410 GeV are excluded. In minimal supergravity/constrained minimal supersymmetric Standard Model models with tan beta = 10, A(0) = 0 and mu > 0, squarks and gluinos of equal mass are excluded for masses below 1360 GeV. Constraints are also placed on the parameter space of supersymmetric models with compressed spectra. These limits considerably extend the region of supersymmetric parameter space excluded by previous measurements with the ATLAS detector.
TL;DR: The most important methods used in the processing of bionanocomposites, which are based on most extensively used biodegradable polymer matrices and nano-fillers, with specific attention on the melt processing techniques, are reviewed in this paper.