Institution
University of Johannesburg
Education•Johannesburg, South Africa•
About: University of Johannesburg is a education organization based out in Johannesburg, South Africa. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 8070 authors who have published 22749 publications receiving 329408 citations. The organization is also known as: UJ.
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01 Jan 2012
TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that PES and the process by which it was marketed are both inherent to "neoliberal conservation", the paradoxical idea that capitalist markets are the answer to their own ecological contradictions.
Abstract: textPayments for ecosystem/environmental services (PES) interventions aim to subject ecosystem conservation to market dynamics and are often posited as win-win solutions to contemporary ecological, developmental and economic quagmires. This paper aims to contribute to the heated debate on PES by giving contrasting evidence from the Maloti-Drakensberg area, a crucial site for water and biodiversity resources in southern Africa. Several PES initiatives and studies, especially those associated with the Maloti-Drakensberg Transfrontier Project (MDTP), claim that an ′ecosystem services′ market in the area is feasible and desirable. Based on empirical research in the area between 2003 and 2008, the paper challenges these assertions. It argues that the internationally popular PES trend provided an expedient way for the MDTP implementers to deal with the immense socio-political and institutional pressures they faced. Following and in spite of, tenuous assumptions and one-sided evidence, PES was marketed as a ′success′ by the MDTP and associated epistemic communities that are implicated in and dependent on, this ′success′. The paper concludes that PES and the process by which it was marketed are both inherent to ′neoliberal conservation′-the paradoxical idea that capitalist markets are the answer to their own ecological contradictions. Copyright
97 citations
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TL;DR: This article explored the role of neoliberal ideology in workplace practices and in work and organizational psychology (WOP) research and analyzed how individuals in the contemporary workplace are influenced by neoliberalism, and how this is reflected in the practices and dominant paradigms within WOP.
Abstract: This paper explores the role of neoliberal ideology in workplace practices and in work and organizational psychology (WOP) research. It analyzes how neoliberal ideology manifests in these two domains by using a prominent framework from the field of political theory to understand ideology through three different logics: political, social, and fantasmatic logics. We explore the main neoliberal assumptions underlying existing practices in the workplace as well as in WOP research, how individuals are gripped by such practices, and how the status quo is maintained. The paper analyzes how individuals in the contemporary workplace are henceforth influenced by neoliberalism, and how this is reflected in the practices and dominant paradigms within WOP. In particular, we focus on three ways neoliberalism affects workplaces and individual experiences of the workplace: through instrumentality, individualism, and competition. The paper finishes with practical recommendations for researchers and practitioners alike on how to devote more attention to the, often implicit, role of neoliberal ideology in their work and research. The discussion elaborates on how alternative paradigms in the workplace can be developed which address the downsides of neoliberalism.
97 citations
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TL;DR: The new records of medicinal plants used in traditional healing practices in Lesotho clearly show the need to document these practices, and the wealth of new knowledge gained with the current study reinforces the importance of extending the study to other parts of Lesothi.
97 citations
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TL;DR: Combining the degree of concerted evolution in ITS alleles (thought to reflect gene conversion) with inferred parentage provides support for a quadripartite classification of western European allopolyploid dactylorchids according to their respective parentage and relative dates of origin.
Abstract: Patterns of polyploid evolution in the taxonomically controversial Dactylorhiza incarnata/maculata groups were inferred genetically by analyzing 399 individuals from 177 localities for (1) four polymorphic plastid regions yielding aggregate haplotypes and (2) nuclear ribosomal ITS allele frequencies. Concordance between patterns observed in distributions of plastid haplotypes and ITS alleles renders ancestral polymorphism an unlikely cause of genetic variation in diploids and allopolyploids. Combining the degree of concerted evolution in ITS alleles (thought to reflect gene conversion) with inferred parentage provides support for a quadripartite classification of western European allopolyploid dactylorchids according to their respective parentage and relative dates of origin. The older allotetraploids that generally exhibit only one parental ITS allele can be divided into those derived via hybridization between the divergent complexes we now call D. incarnata s.l. and D. fuchsii (e.g., D. majalis) and those derived via hybridization between D. incarnata s.l. and D. maculata (e.g., D. elata). Similarly, the younger allotetraploids that maintain evidence of both parental ITS alleles can be divided into those derived from hybridization between D. incarnata s.l. and D. fuchsii, or perhaps in some cases a diploid species resembling D. saccifera (e.g., D. praetermissa, D. purpurella, D. traunsteineri s.l., D. baltica), and those derived from hybridization between the D. incarnata s.l. and D. maculata groups (e.g., D. occidentalis, D. sphagnicola). Older allotetraploids are inferred to have passed through glacially induced migration bottlenecks in southern Eurasia, whereas at least some younger allotetraploids now occupying northern Europe are inferred to have originated post-glacially and remain sympatric with their parents, a scenario that is largely in agreement with the morphology and ecology of these allotetraploids. ITS conversion is in most cases biased toward the maternal parent, eventually obscuring evidence of the original allopolyploidization event because plastid haplotypes also reflect the maternal contribution. Gene flow appears unexpectedly low among allotetraploids relative to diploids, whereas several mechanisms may assist the gene flow observed across ploidy levels. There is good concordance between (1) the genetically delimited species that are required to accurately represent the inferred evolutionary events and processes and (2) morphologically based species recognized in certain moderately conservative morphological classifications previously proposed for the genus. Further research will seek to improve sampling, especially in eastern Eurasia, and to develop more sensitive markers for distinguishing different lineages within (1) the remarkably genetically uniform D. incarnata group (diploids) and (2) locally differentiated populations of (in some cases unnamed) allotetraploids. (Less)
97 citations
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TL;DR: A search for Higgs boson decay to mu(+)mu(-) using data with an integrated luminosity of 24.8 fb(-1) collected with the ATLAS detector in pp collisions at root s = 7 and 8 TeV at the CE...
97 citations
Authors
Showing all 8414 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Vinod Kumar Gupta | 165 | 713 | 83484 |
Arnold B. Bakker | 135 | 506 | 103778 |
Trevor Vickey | 128 | 873 | 76664 |
Ketevi Assamagan | 128 | 934 | 77061 |
Diego Casadei | 123 | 733 | 69665 |
Michael R. Hamblin | 117 | 899 | 59533 |
E. Castaneda-Miranda | 117 | 545 | 56349 |
Xiaoming Li | 113 | 1932 | 72445 |
Katharine Leney | 108 | 459 | 52547 |
M. Aurousseau | 103 | 403 | 44230 |
Mika Sillanpää | 96 | 1019 | 44260 |
Sahal Yacoob | 89 | 408 | 25338 |
Evangelia Demerouti | 85 | 236 | 49228 |
Lehana Thabane | 85 | 994 | 36620 |
Sahal Yacoob | 84 | 399 | 35059 |