Showing papers by "University of Jordan published in 1992"
TL;DR: Jordan society showed a deeply rooted traditional behavioral pattern when inbreeding is considered, and the most important variables affecting inbreeding were social tradition, religion, education, and place of residence--urban vs. rural.
Abstract: We conducted a population-based study of consanguineous marriages in Jordan. About two thousand households were interviewed. First cousin marriages were encountered in 32.03%, second cousin in 6.8%, distant relation in 10.5%, and no relation in 50% of all marriages, respectively. Inbreeding coefficients were compared with those of other countries. The most important variables affecting inbreeding were social tradition, religion, education, and place of residence--urban vs. rural. Secular trends appear rather stable since the early decades of the twentieth century, especially for first cousin marriages. Jordan society showed a deeply rooted traditional behavioral pattern when inbreeding is considered.
220 citations
TL;DR: The Jordanian isolate of tomato yellow leaf curl virus has a narrow host range restricted to a few solanaceous plants and an efficient vector; a single whitefly was able to transmit the virus.
Abstract: The Jordanian isolate of tomato yellow leaf curl virus has a narrow host range restricted to a few solanaceous plants. Severe symptoms developed on tomatoes and Datura stramonium, whereas Nicotiana glutinosa and N. tabacum cvs Samsun and Havana 423 were infected without showing symptoms. The whitefly Bemisa tabaci is an efficient vector; a single whitefly was able to transmit the virus. The minimum acquisition and inoculation feeding periods were 60 and 30 min, respectively, and the latent period was 20–24 h. The virus was retained by Bemisia tabaci for 11 days. The host range and virus vector relationships of the Jordanian isolate are reported for the first time.
93 citations
TL;DR: The highly alkaline springs of the Maqarin area of northern Jordan are currently under examination as part of an international project testing the models used to analyse the safety of repositories for low and intermediate level radioactive waste (L/ILW) as mentioned in this paper.
82 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the performance of glasshouse-grown plants of almond, apple, fig, grape, olive, peach and Asian pear under various laboratory environmental conditions and found that apple had the highest light-saturated photosynthetic rates, greater than 20 μmol CO2 m−2 s−1.
78 citations
TL;DR: In patients with FMF and renal involvement, non-amyloid renal lesions (IgA nephropathy, IgM nephtropathy and RPGN) should be considered in the differential diagnosis in addition to amyloidosis.
78 citations
TL;DR: Tomato appeared to be better than bean in competition with weeds, and weeds of tomato field contained higher percentages of P and K than the crop.
Abstract: A field study showed that weeds are better nutrient accumulators than tomato and bean crops. Percentages of N, P, K, and Mg in shoots of most weed species were higher than in crop plants. Weeds associated with bean accumulated more P in roots than did crop plants, and weeds of tomato field contained higher percentages of P and K than the crop. All weed species showed lower concentration of Ca in shoots and roots than did crop plants. Weeds varied substantially in their shoot and root percentages of mineral elements and differences in nutrient percentages between shoots and roots of weeds were greater than with crop plants. Malvasylvestris, Chenopodium murale, Portulaca oleracea and Rumex obtusifolius are nutrient accumulator weeds. Tomato appeared to be better than bean in competition with weeds.
75 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of filler content, temperature, and frequency of the applied electric field on DC and AC electrical conductivities of composites of nickel-coated carbon fibers and polypropylene are considered.
Abstract: The effect of filler content, temperature, and frequency of the applied electric field on DC and AC electrical conductivities of composites of nickel-coated carbon fibers and polypropylene are considered. The impedance behavior and the dielectric properties of these composites were studied in the low frequency range 10 Hz–30 kHz. It was found that the volume electrical resistivity shows filler content and temperature dependence. The calculated activation energy of the thermal rate-process decreases with the filler concentration, while the shielding effectiveness increases. The overall observed permittivity of the composites increases with the filler concentration, and the dielectric behavior is discussed in terms of the space charge, electronic and interfacial polarization within the covered frequency range. It was observed that the AC conductivity is nearly independent of the frequency below 100 Hz and increases with frequency above this range. Finally, it was concluded that addition of nickel-coated carbon fibers could alter the electrical conduction mechanism and the polarization process of the polymeric matrix.
65 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a Pan-African bimodal volcanic/subvolcanic suite has been examined and compared with equivalent suites from the Arabian-Nubian Shield.
55 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the prediction of film cooling from two rows of holes using different turbulence models was investigated, and the ability of a turbulence model to prediet the experimental results depends heavily on the blowing rate as well as on the distance downstream from the injection holes.
Abstract: The present investigation involves the prediction of film cooling from two rows of holes using different turbulence models. Predictions of film cooling effectiveness and the velocity field from two rows of holes inclined in the streamwise direction are presented using the k-ω model and a modified version of it, as well as the standard k-e model together with its nonisotropic version. Comparison between the predicted results using these models and previous experimental results indicates that the ability of a turbulence model to prediet the experimental results depends heavily on the blowing rate as well as on the distance downstream from the injection holes.
54 citations
TL;DR: Almost all types of tested milk were contaminated with p,p′-DDE, and in order to try to find the possible sources of mother-milk contaminations, different types of locally produced and imported cow milk samples were also analyzed for the same organochlorine compounds.
Abstract: Concentrations of 15 organochlorine pesticides were determined by capillary gas chromatography in 59 human milk samples collected from the general population during 1989/1990 in the Jordanian capital of Amman. In addition to hexachlorbenzene (HCB), three groups of organochlorine compounds namely, DDT and its metabolites, hexachlorcyclohexane (HCH-isomers) and the cyclopentadiene group (aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, heptachlor, and heptachlor epoxide) were analyzed. The results show that almost all samples contained HCB, β-HCH, p,p′-DDE and p,p′-DDT, whereas p,p′-DDD, heptachlor, α-HCH, γ-HCH and o,p′DDT were found in 42, 40, 33, 22 and 20 analyzed samples, respectively. The concentration of HCB, β-HCH, p,p′-DDE, p,p′-DDT and heptachlor expressed on a milk-fat basis (median in mg/kg milk fat): 0.29, 0.4, 2.04, and 0.7 respectively. For the comparative purposes and in order to try to find the possible sources of mother-milk contaminations, different types of locally produced and imported cow milk samples were also analyzed for the same organochlorine compounds. Almost all types of tested milk were contaminated with p,p′-DDE.
53 citations
TL;DR: In a prospective study, 7682 neonates from 10 different hospitals in Jordan were screened for CF using the BM test for meconium albumin, and Cystic fibrosis was confirmed in three by sweat chloride test using pilocarpine iontophoresis.
Abstract: In certain regions of the world and among certain ethnic groups cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common fatal genetic disease in childhood. High infant mortality in Jordan and many other developing countries may be largely attributed to the increased prevalence of malnutrition diarrheal diseases and chest infections also seen as clinical features of CF. A study was conducted to explore the prevalence and incidence of CF among Jordanian children and to increase physician awareness and recognition of CF in Jordan. 7682 neonates from 10 hospitals were screened with the Boehringer Mannheim test for meconium albumin; 4 tested positively. 3 cases of CF were subsequently confirmed with the sweat chloride test using pilocarpine iontophoresis. The incidence of CF in this population as determined in this study is therefore 1/2560 live births.
TL;DR: Interference of redroot pigweed and prostrate pigweed in transplanted tomato was studied and final yield was unaffected when the naturally occurring Amaranthus spp were allowed to interfere with tomato plants for 28 days after transplanting in 1990.
Abstract: Interference of redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) and prostrate pigweed (Amaranthus blitoides L.) in transplanted tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill ‘GS12’) was studied in two field experiments in 1990 and 1991. Final yield was unaffected when the naturally occurring Amaranthus spp (mostly A. blitoides) were allowed to interfere with tomato plants for 28 days after transplanting in 1990. Significant yield reduction occurred when the weeds (mostly A. retroflexus) infested for only the first 14 days after transplanting in 1991. Further delay in weed removal treatments drastically reduced growth and yield of tomato plants and lowered fruit quality. Tomato plants kept weed- free for longer than 14 days after transplanting in 1990 or just for the same period in 1991 significantly increased tomato yields compared with tomato plants weed infested for the whole season. Yield was not significantly changed for various weed-free periods longer than 28 days after transplanting in 1990 and 14 days in 1991....
TL;DR: It is suggested that cirsiliol inhibits Ca2+ influx but stimulatesCa2+ release from intracellular stores and utilizes the same Ca 2+ source used by acetylcholine in Ca(2+)-free solution.
Abstract: 1. In concentrations from 10(-8) M to 3 x 10(-4) M, cirsiliol caused concentration-dependent relaxation of rat isolated ileum. 2. Phentolamine (10(-6) M) or phentolamine and propranolol (10(-6) M) had no significant effects on the concentration-effect curves or on the EC50 of cirsiliol on the ileum. 3. Cirsiliol shifted to the right the acetylcholine (Ach) concentration-effect curves on ileum and significantly inhibited the maximum contractions induced by Ach. 4. In Ca(2+)-free, depolarizing solution, cirsiliol shifted to the right the CaCl2 concentration-effect curves and inhibited the maximum contractions induced by CaCl2 on ileum. 5. Large concentrations (10(-4) M, 3 x 10(-4) M) of cirsiliol induced relaxation followed by contraction of the ileal segments incubated in Ca(2+)-free solution. 6. In Ca(2+)-free solution, cirsiliol (10(-4) M, 3 x 10(-4) M) caused concentration-dependent potentiation of the ileal contractions induced by 3 x 10(-3) M Ach when the latter was added 2-3 min after cirsiliol. When Ach was added 15-20 min after cirsiliol, the latter compound inhibited the Ach-induced contractions. 7. These observations suggest that cirsiliol inhibits Ca2+ influx but stimulates Ca2+ release from intracellular stores. Furthermore, they suggest that cirsiliol utilizes the same Ca2+ source used by acetylcholine in Ca(2+)-free solution.
TL;DR: In this paper, the performance of a non-storage, continuous, solar operated absorption refrigeration cycle is described based on the operation of the unit when there was enough solar energy to power its generator.
TL;DR: Elevated plasma levels of AVP in hyperthyroid patients and an increase during levothyroxine treatment of hypothyroid patients are demonstrated.
Abstract: Plasma concentrations of endothelium-derived proteins (fibronectin and von Willebrand factor), liver synthesized proteins (haptoglobin, transferrin, ceruloplasmin, alpha 1-antitrypsin, antithrombin III and factor VIII-coagulant) and plasma arginine-vasopressin (AVP) were measured in 12 hyperthyroid, 9 hypothyroid and 15 age- and sex-matched normal controls. In hyperthyroid patients the plasma concentrations of AVP and endothelium-associated proteins (EAP) were significantly higher than in the control group (p less than 0.05 and p less than 0.01 respectively). Rendering hyperthyroid patients into the euthyroid state significantly lowered AVP (p less than 0.01), fibronectin (p less than 0.05) and von Willebrand factor (p less than 0.01) compared with pretreatment levels. Hypothyroid patients were studied at diagnosis and after replacement therapy with levothyroxine. Compared with pretreatment values, significant increases were noted in plasma concentrations of von Willebrand factor, fibronectin and AVP (p less than 0.01). With the exception of factor VIII-coagulant, the concentrations of hepatic synthesized proteins did not deviate from normal values in hyperthyroid and hypothyroid patients. Significant correlations were found between serum-free thyroxine on the one hand and the plasma concentrations of fibronectin (p less than 0.005), von Willebrand factor (p less than 0.001) and AVP (p less than 0.0001). Similarly, there was significant correlation between the plasma concentrations of AVP on the one hand and fibronectin (p less than 0.002) and von Willebrand factor (p less than 0.01). The results demonstrate elevated plasma levels of AVP in hyperthyroid patients and an increase during levothyroxine treatment of hypothyroid patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
TL;DR: A 14-year-old boy presented with fever, anemia, hepatosplenomegaly, generalized lymphadenopathy and nephrotic syndrome, and biopsy showed angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia (generalized Castleman's disease) of the plasma cell type.
Abstract: A 14-year-old boy presented with fever, anemia, hepatosplenomegaly, generalized lymphadenopathy and nephrotic syndrome. Lymph node biopsy showed angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia (generalized Castleman's disease) of the plasma cell type. Kidney biopsy showed membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis type 1. Complete remission was achieved with corticosteroid treatment and repeat kidney biopsy 22 months later showed complete resolution of the renal pathology. The association between membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis and multicentric angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia, plasma cell type, has not previously been reported.
TL;DR: A case of complete duplication of the bladder and urethra, associated with congenital dislocation of the right hip, and correction of the chordee was reported.
TL;DR: Methanol, hexane, aqueous and petroleum ether extracts of the whole plant Polygonum equisetiforme did not show any activity against ten bacterial and four fungal species and all the pooled groups of this exhibited variable patterns of antimicrobial activity.
Abstract: Methanol, hexane, aqueous and petroleum ether extracts of the whole plant Polygonum equisetiforme did not show any activity against ten bacterial and four fungal species. The butanol crude extract and all the pooled groups of this exhibited variable patterns of antimicrobial activity. Quercetin (a flavonol) has been isolated and identified as the major constituent. The antifungal and antibacterial activity of quercetin was compared with the antibacterial drugs gentamycin, streptomycin and ampicillin and the antifungal drug miconazole nitrate. The antifungal activity of quercetin was limited to Candida tropicalis and it had a narrow antibacterial spectrum of activity. However, its activities against Enterobacter aerogenes and Escherichia coli were low grade compared with ampicillin, stretomycin and gentamycin. Quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside, quercetin-3-O-glucuronide, quercetin-3-O-arabinoside and isorhamnetin were also isolated in very low yield. They have not been reported previously in this species.
TL;DR: This report discusses 27 patients with sigmoid volvulus treated at Jordan University Hospital (JUH) during a 15-year period, representing 4.7 percent of adult patients treated for intestinal obstruction, and the mortality rate was 15 percent for the whole series and 33.3 percent for those with gangrenous bowel.
Abstract: This report discusses 27 patients with sigmoid volvulus treated at Jordan University Hospital (JUH) during a 15-year period. These patients represented 4.7 percent of adult patients treated for intestinal obstruction in the same period. The average age was 54.5 years, and none of the patients was institutionalized. Twenty-five patients presented with acute symptoms, and two had chronic symptoms. Sigmoidoscopic detorsion was achieved in 15 patients. Emergency resection was required in two of these patients: for the development of gangrene a few hours after detorsion in one patient and for recurrence within 24 hours in the other despite the presence of a rectal tube. Early recurrence occurred in two other patients and was managed endoscopically. Emergency surgery was performed in 10 other patients: for a failed endoscopic detorsion in three patients, for ulcerated and bleeding mucosa forecasting gangrene in another, and as a primary treatment in six patients who were either misdiagnosed or suspected to have gangrenous bowel. Elective resection was performed in 13 patients. The mortality rate was 15 percent (4/27) for the whole series and 33.3 percent (1/3) for those with gangrenous bowel.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Although Jordanian nurses are educated to be change agents, patient advocates, health educators and critical thinkers they function more like medical assistants and housekeepers.
Abstract: As with other nurses worldwide, image, status and role definition are prominent issues in Jordan. Here nursing is considered menial work and the roles and responsibilities of the nurse have not yet been formally defined by royal decree, Jordanian courts or the nursing profession. Moreover, while nursing curricula ordinarily influence scope of practice, nurse educators have long noted an incongruity between nurses training and their roles in practice. Although Jordanian nurses are educated to be change agents, patient advocates, health educators and critical thinkers they function more like medical assistants and housekeepers.
TL;DR: The Kurnub Sandstone of Early Cretaceous age crops out in Wadi Qsieb (in the southwest of Jordan) with a thickness of 130 m.
TL;DR: Although the observed frequency of von Willebrand's disease in this study in Jordan is lower than that in Europe and the USA, the true prevalence cannot be ascertained since many of the mild cases presumably were missed because of referral patterns.
Abstract: This work reports on the results of a 9-year study of von Willebrand's disease and its subtypes in Jordan, a country with a predominantly Arab population. There were a total of 65 patients in 32 families. Detailed study of 61 patients including von Willebrand factor multimers was done for the purpose of subtyping them. Type I and variants were seen in 36 patients (59%). Type IIA and variants with decreased ristocetin response accounted for seven patients (11.5%), while 11 (18%) were of type IIB. The severe type (type III) accounted for seven patients (11.5%). Von Willebrand's disease was the second most commonly seen inherited bleeding disorder after hemophilia A. It is concluded that although the observed frequency of von Willebrand's disease in this study in Jordan is lower than that in Europe and the USA, the true prevalence cannot be ascertained since many of the mild cases presumably were missed because of referral patterns. Type I and its variants was the most common type found, but the observed frequency of types IIB and III was more than that reported in Europeans and Americans.
TL;DR: The results indicate the impaired osmoregulation of arginine-vasopressin secretion to an osmolar stimuli in patients with postpartum hypopituitarism, suggesting neurohypophyseal damage in Patients with Sheehan's syndrome seems to be much more frequent than previously believed.
Abstract: The neurohypophyseal function was assessed in a group of 15 patients with postpartum hypopituitarism by measuring plasma arginine-vasopressin concentrations during 5% hypertonic saline infusion. None of the patients had symptoms of diabetes insipidus and all patients were on adequate cortisone and thyroxine replacement therapy before testing. The mean basal plasma vasopressin value in the patients (0.6 +/- 0.1 pmol/l) was significantly lower than that in the normal subjects (2.9 +/- 0.3 pmol/l; p < 0.01), whereas the mean serum sodium, plasma osmolality, plasma renin activity and serum aldosterone values were similar in the two groups. During the osmolar load (5% hypertonic saline), the patients revealed varying degrees of arginine-vasopressin responses to the increase in plasma osmolality. Three patients showed normal arginine-vasopressin responses, 10 had subnormal responses, and 2 had no response. During the dehydration test, the patients revealed significantly lower maximum urine osmolalities (p < 0.0025) with significantly higher concurrent mean plasma osmolality (p < 0.0025) than the controls. None of the patients showed overt polyuria at the time of the study. The results indicate the impaired osmoregulation of arginine-vasopressin secretion to an osmolar stimuli in patients with postpartum hypopituitarism, suggesting neurohypophyseal damage. In patients with Sheehan's syndrome, partial diabetes insipidus seems to be much more frequent than previously believed.
TL;DR: In this paper, a compact solar air heating unit for space heating is developed and tested using four types of Jordanian rocks in their natural forms as the heat storage medium, and the collector efficiency equation, hence the system design parameters and the heat capacities of the rocks in the storage space environment are determined.
TL;DR: The frequency of non‐classical adrenal hyperplasia due to deficiencies of 3β‐hydroxy‐Δ5‐steroid dehydrogenase, 21‐hydroxylase, and 11‐deoxycortisol among 65 women with hirsutism were determined.
Abstract: Hirsutism in women is a clinical manifestation of excessive production of androgens. The source of the excess androgen may be either the ovaries or the adrenal glands, or increased peripheral conversion of weak androgenic hormones to more potent androgens. Late-onset (non-classic) congenital adrenal hyperplasia is a cause of hirsutism in adult women, but its frequency and the patterns of abnormalities in adrenal hormone secretion are not well understood. The frequency of non-classical adrenal hyperplasia due to deficiencies of 3 beta-hydroxy-delta 5-steroid dehydrogenase, 21-hydroxylase, and 11 beta-hydroxylase among 65 women with hirsutism were determined. All enzyme defects were identified by comparing the patients' hormonal responses to 0.25 mg intravenous bolus of alpha 1-24-ACTH with those of age-matched normal women. The hormones measured in plasma during the ACTH stimulation tests were progesterone, 17-hydroxypregnenolone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, DHEA-sulfate, androstenedione, testosterone, 11-deoxycortisol, and cortisol. Similarly these hormones were measured after overnight 1 mg oral dexamethasone. Twelve women (18.5%) had 3 beta-hydroxy-delta 5-steroid dehydrogenase deficiency, 24 (37%) 21-hydroxylase deficiency, and 14 (21.5%) 11 beta-hydroxylase deficiency. Women with 21-hydroxylase deficiency also had evidence of a partial deficiency in 11 beta-hydroxylase activity (12 of the 24 patients). Similarly, most (11 of the 14) of the women with 11 beta-hydroxylase deficiency also had evidence of a deficiency in 3 beta-hydroxy-delta 5-steroid dehydrogenase activity. Among the 15 patients with no adrenal biosynthetic defect, eight had high plasma androgen concentrations, and seven had normal concentrations.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
TL;DR: The results show a reduction in plasma ChE among spraymen and the mean difference was 37.1% less than the preexposure values, which exceeds the limits set by the World Health Organization.
Abstract: Dermal and respiratory exposure and plasma acetylcholinesterase (ChE) activity were monitored on six workers spraying tomato crops under plastic houses with dimethoate [O,O-dimethyl S-(N-methylcarbamoylmethyl) phosphorodithoate]. The mean dermal exposure was 914 mg/day and the mean respiratory exposure was 17 mg/day. The maximum dose received by the spraymen was 18.2 mg/day. It was estimated that 84% of the dermal exposure was to the forearms and hands. Of the body areas monitored, the back of the neck received the least rate of exposure. The results also show a reduction in plasma ChE among spraymen. The mean difference was 37.1% less than the preexposure values, which exceeds the limits set by the World Health Organization.
TL;DR: Farmers using the King Abdallah Canal water should adjust the pH to 6.00 with phosphoric or propionic acid before mixing cypermethrin, because a pH value >6.00 is likely to reduce the stability of cypermETHrin.
TL;DR: The delivery and transfusion requirements of 39 patients with Glanzmann thrombasthenia are described, and absence of excessive hemorrhagic symptoms was noted in neonates affected with throm bastsia.
Abstract: The delivery and transfusion requirements of 39 patients with Glanzmann thrombasthenia are described. Of these, type I thrombasthenia was found in 21 females and 12 males, and type II thrombasthenia was found in four females and two males. Eighteen of these patients were born in the hospital and 21 at home. All were delivered vaginally. Absence of excessive hemorrhagic symptoms was noted in neonates affected with thrombasthenia. The patients were followed for a total of 220 patient years and received a total of 276 units of blood during this period. In females, the dominant reason for transfusion was menorrhagia followed by gum bleeding and epistaxis, while in males epistaxis, gum bleeding, and circumcision accounted for most of the transfusions. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
TL;DR: In this paper, the dioxouranium(VI) complexes were characterized by elemental analyses, conductivity measurements, IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy, and UO2(OAc)2.
TL;DR: In this paper, the reticulation of a ring was investigated in order to show that a lo t of ring theoretic properties have analogues in lattice theory, and vice versa.
Abstract: For more details about the reticulation LR of a ring, see Simmons [9]. For any ideal I of the ring R, let D(I) be the ideal generated by {D(a) : a E I ) in LR. For any ideal J of the lattice LR, let D-l (J ) = {a E R: D(a) E J). Trivially, D-I (J ) is an ideal of R. The reticulation of a ring was investigated by Simmons [9] in order to show that a lo t of ring theoretic properties have analogues in lattice theory and vice versa. In this paper we continue this theme and answer a couple of questions raised by Simmons [9]. Then we proceed to prove further results in that direction. Let Id(R) be the lattice of all ideals of the ring R. It should be noted that this lattice is not necessarily distributive. Let RId(R) be the distributive lattice of radical ideals of the ring R. For a lattice L, let Id(L) be the lattice of ideals of L. From now on, LR will denote the reticulation of R. We start by quoting a theorem that was given by Johnstone [7], p. 194.