University of Jordan

About: University of Jordan is a education organization based out in Amman, Jordan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Health care. The organization has 7796 authors who have published 13764 publications receiving 213526 citations.

The effect of diluted triple and double antibiotic pastes on dental pulp stem cells and established Enterococcus faecalis biofilm.

Abstract: To investigate the effect of various dilutions of antibiotic medicaments used in endodontic regeneration on the survival of human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and to determine their antibacterial effect against established Enterococcus faecalis biofilm. The cytotoxic and antibacterial effects of different triple (TAP) and double antibiotic paste (DAP) dilutions (0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 10 mg/ml) were tested against Enterococcus faecalis established biofilm and DPSC. Established bacterial biofilm were exposed to antibiotic dilutions for 3 days. Then, biofilms were collected, spiral plated, and the numbers of bacterial colony forming units (CFU/ml) were determined. For the cytotoxic effect, lactate dehydrogenase activity assays (LDH) and cell viability assays (WST-1) were used to measure the percentage of DPSC cytotoxicity after 3-day treatment with the same antibiotic dilutions. A general linear mixed model was used for statistical analyses (α = 0.05). All antibiotic dilutions significantly decreased the bacterial CFU/ml. For WST-1 assays, all antibiotic dilutions except 0.125 mg/ml significantly reduced the viability of DPSC. For LDH assays, the three lowest tested concentrations of DAP (0.5, 0.25, 0.125 mg/ml) and the two lowest concentrations of TAP (0.25 and 0.125 mg/ml) were non-toxic to DPSC. All tested dilutions had an antibacterial effect against E. faecalis. However, 0.125 mg/ml of DAP and TAP showed a significant antibacterial effect with no cytotoxic effects on DPSCs. Using appropriate antibiotic concentrations of intracanal medicament during endodontic regeneration procedures is critical to disinfect root canal and decrease the adverse effects on stem cells.

Hydatidosis in Jordan : an epidemiological study of 306 cases

Abstract: Of the 306 subjects studied, who had had hydatid cysts (Echinococcus granulosus) surgically excised in Jordan, 185 (60%) were female and 121 (40%) male. The liver was the most affected organ (57·8%), followed by the lung (26·4%). The kidneys, spleen, brain, soft tissues of neck, appendix and mesentery were less frequent sites. Multiple-organ infection was seen in 23 patients (7·5%). Over a third of the cases (35·8%) was aged <21 years and the commonest occupation was housewife, followed by school student. The epidemiology of hydatidosis transmission in Jordan is discussed.

Feature Selection Using Salp Swarm Algorithm with Chaos

Abstract: The performance of classification algorithms is highly sensitive to the data dimensionality. High dimensionality may cause many problems to a classifier like overfitting and high computational time. Feature selection (FS) is a key solution to both problems. It aims to reduce the number of features by removing the irrelevant, redundant and noisy data, while trying to keep an acceptable classification accuracy. FS can be formulated as an optimization problem. Metaheuristic algorithms have shown superior performance in solving this type of problems. In this work, a chaotic version of Salp Swarm Algorithm (SSA) is proposed, which is considered one of the recent metaheuristic algorithms. The proposed approach is applied for the first time on feature selection problems. Four different chaotic maps are used to control the balance between the exploration and exploitation in the proposed approach. The proposed approaches are evaluated using twelve real datasets. The comparative results shows that the chaotic maps significantly enhances the performance of the SSA algorithm and outperforms other similar approaches in the literature.