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Institution

University of Jyväskylä

EducationJyvaskyla, Finland
About: University of Jyväskylä is a education organization based out in Jyvaskyla, Finland. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Neutron. The organization has 8066 authors who have published 25168 publications receiving 725033 citations. The organization is also known as: Jyväskylän yliopisto & Kasvatusopillinen korkeakoulu.


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Journal ArticleDOI
24 Aug 2006-Nature
TL;DR: A study of the nobelium isotope 254No, with 102 protons and 152 neutrons, finds three excited structures, two of which are isomeric (metastable) and one of these structures is firmly assigned to a two-proton excitation, which provide a microscopic benchmark for nuclear models of the superheavy elements.
Abstract: The stability of an atomic nucleus is determined by the outcome of a tug-of-war between the attractive strong nuclear force and the repulsive electrostatic force between the protons in the nucleus. If 100 protons and about 150 neutrons or more are assembled into a nucleus, the repulsion usually becomes dominant and causes the nucleus to fission. For certain 'magic numbers' of protons and neutrons this repulsion can be overcome and the nucleus stabilized. In particular an 'island of stability' is predicted beyond the actinides, where long-lived or even stable superheavy elements can exist, but its precise limits are unknown. Experiments can help determine where this island lies, however. Spectroscopy of the nobelium isotope, 254No reveals three excited structures, two of them metastable. This finding will help to constrain nuclear models of the superheavy elements, and provides more data for the search for the next magic numbers. Spectroscopic studies of the nobelium isotope 254No — the heaviest nucleus studied in this manner to date — details three excited structures, two of which are metastable, which should help to constrain nuclear models of the superheavy elements. A long-standing prediction of nuclear models is the emergence of a region of long-lived, or even stable, superheavy elements beyond the actinides. These nuclei owe their enhanced stability to closed shells in the structure of both protons and neutrons1,2,3. However, theoretical approaches to date do not yield consistent predictions of the precise limits of the ‘island of stability’; experimental studies are therefore crucial. The bulk of experimental effort so far has been focused on the direct creation of superheavy elements in heavy ion fusion reactions, leading to the production of elements up to proton number Z = 118 (refs 4, 5). Recently, it has become possible to make detailed spectroscopic studies6,7 of nuclei beyond fermium (Z = 100), with the aim of understanding the underlying single-particle structure of superheavy elements. Here we report such a study of the nobelium isotope 254No, with 102 protons and 152 neutrons—the heaviest nucleus studied in this manner to date. We find three excited structures, two of which are isomeric (metastable). One of these structures is firmly assigned to a two-proton excitation. These states are highly significant as their location is sensitive to single-particle levels above the gap in shell energies predicted at Z = 114, and thus provide a microscopic benchmark for nuclear models of the superheavy elements.

138 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The data indicate that VEGF‐B could be used to increase the coronary vasculature and to reprogram myocardial metabolism to improve cardiac function in ischemic heart disease.
Abstract: Angiogenic growth factors have recently been linked to tissue metabolism. We have used genetic gain- and loss-of function models to elucidate the effects and mechanisms of action of vascular endothelial growth factor-B (VEGF-B) in the heart. A cardiomyocyte-specific VEGF-B transgene induced an expanded coronary arterial tree and reprogramming of cardiomyocyte metabolism. This was associated with protection against myocardial infarction and preservation of mitochondrial complex I function upon ischemia-reperfusion. VEGF-B increased VEGF signals via VEGF receptor-2 to activate Erk1/2, which resulted in vascular growth. Akt and mTORC1 pathways were upregulated and AMPK downregulated, readjusting cardiomyocyte metabolic pathways to favor glucose oxidation and macromolecular biosynthesis. However, contrasting with a previous theory, there was no difference in fatty acid uptake by the heart between the VEGF-B transgenic, gene-targeted or wildtype rats. Importantly, we also show that VEGF-B expression is reduced in human heart disease. Our data indicate that VEGF-B could be used to increase the coronary vasculature and to reprogram myocardial metabolism to improve cardiac function in ischemic heart disease.

138 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the relationship between self-esteem and optimism and examined the prospective relationships between these two personality constructs, mental distress and physical symptoms, and found that high personal resilience measured at Time 1 reduced mental distress at Time 2.

138 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Mayer-Schonberger as discussed by the authors is the director of the Information and Informatics Institute at Princeton University, New Jersey, US$24.95 (hardback), ISBN 978•0•691•13861•9
Abstract: by Viktor Mayer‐Schonberger, Princeton, NJ, Princeton University Press, 2009, 237 pp., US$24.95 (hardback), ISBN 978‐0‐691‐13861‐9 Viktor Mayer‐Schonberger is the director of the Information and In...

138 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the spatial dependence of nuclear parton distribution functions (nPDFs) using the A-dependence of the spatially independent (averaged) global fits EPS09 and EKS98 was determined.
Abstract: We determine the spatial (impact parameter) dependence of nuclear parton distribution functions (nPDFs) using the A-dependence of the spatially independent (averaged) global fits EPS09 and EKS98. We work under the assumption that the spatial dependence can be formulated as a power series of the nuclear thickness functions T A . To reproduce the A-dependence over the entire x range we need terms up to [T A ]4. As an outcome, we release two sets, EPS09s (LO, NLO, error sets) and EKS98s, of spatially dependent nPDFs for public use. We also discuss the implementation of these into the existing calculations. With our results, the centrality dependence of nuclear hard-process observables can be studied consistently with the globally fitted nPDFs for the first time. As an application, we first calculate the LO nuclear modification factor $ R_{{AA}}^{{1{\text{jet}}}} $ for primary partonic-jet production in different centrality classes in Au+Au collisions at RHIC and Pb+Pb collisions at LHC. Also the corresponding central-to-peripheral ratios $ R_{{CP}}^{{1{\text{jet}}}} $ are studied. We also calculate the LO and NLO nuclear modification factors for single inclusive neutral pion production, $ R_{\text{dAu}}^{{{\pi^0}}} $ , at mid- and forward rapidities in different centrality classes in d+Au collisions at RHIC. In particular, we show that our results are compatible with the PHENIX mid-rapidity data within the overall normalization uncertainties given by the experiment. Finally, we show our predictions for the corresponding modifications $ R_{\text{pPb}}^{{{\pi^0}}} $ in the forthcoming p+Pb collisions at LHC.

138 citations


Authors

Showing all 8239 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Brenda W.J.H. Penninx1701139119082
Mika Kivimäki1661515141468
Jaakko Kaprio1631532126320
Marvin Johnson1491827119520
Stanislas Dehaene14945686539
Roger Jones138998114061
Zubayer Ahammed12991259811
James Alexander12988675096
Matti J Kortelainen128118680603
Madan M. Aggarwal12488356065
Joakim Nystrand11765850146
Robert U. Newton10975342527
Dieter Røhrich10263735942
Keijo Häkkinen9942131355
Dong Jo Kim9849736272
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
20241
202390
2022286
20211,666
20201,684
20191,506