University of Jyväskylä

About: University of Jyväskylä is a education organization based out in Jyvaskyla, Finland. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Neutron. The organization has 8066 authors who have published 25168 publications receiving 725033 citations. The organization is also known as: Jyväskylän yliopisto & Kasvatusopillinen korkeakoulu.

Internet banking adoption among mature customers: early majority or laggards?

Abstract: Finland is a world leader in electronic banking, and over 39.8 percent of all retail banking transactions were made over the Internet in August 2000. Using the data of a large survey, we analyzed mature customers’ Internet banking behavior. Internet banking was the third popular mode of payment among mature customers. Household income and education were found to have a significant effect on the adoption of the Internet as a banking channel, so that over 30 percent of wealthy and well‐educated mature males make e‐banking their primary mode of making payments. Perceived difficulty in using computers combined with the lack of personal service in e‐banking were found to be the main barriers of Internet banking adoption among mature customers. Internet banking was also found to be more unsecured among mature customers than bank customers in general.

The complex business of survival by aposematism

Abstract: The theory of warning signals dates back to Wallace but is still confusing, controversial and complex. Because predator avoidance of warningly coloured prey (aposematism) is based upon learning and reinforcement, it is difficult to understand how initially rare conspicuous forms subsequently become common. Here, we discuss several possible resolutions to this apparent paradox. Many of these ideas have been largely ignored as a result of implicit assumptions about predator behaviour and assumed lack of variation in the predators, prey and the predation process. Considering the spatial and temporal variation in and mechanisms of behaviour of both predators and prey will make it easier to understand the process and evolution of aposematism.

What do we need to know about speciation

Abstract: Speciation has been a major focus of evolutionary biology research in recent years, with many important advances. However, some of the traditional organising principles of the subject area no longer provide a satisfactory framework, such as the classification of speciation mechanisms by geographical context into allopatric, parapatric and sympatry classes. Therefore, we have asked where speciation research should be directed in the coming years. Here, we present a distillation of questions about the mechanisms of speciation, the genetic basis of speciation and the relationship between speciation and diversity. Our list of topics is not exhaustive; rather we aim to promote discussion on research priorities and on the common themes that underlie disparate speciation processes.

Chirality and Electronic Structure of the Thiolate-Protected Au38 Nanocluster

Abstract: Structural, electronic, and optical properties of the thiolate-protected Au38(SR)24 cluster are studied by density-functional theory computations (R = CH3 and R = C6H13) and by powder X-ray crystallography (R = C12H25). A low-energy structure which can be written as Au23@(Au(SR)2)3(Au2(SR)3)6 having a bi-icosahedral core and a chiral arrangement of the protecting gold−thiolate Au x (SR) y units yields an excellent match between the computed (for R = C6H13) and measured (for R = C12H25) powder X-ray diffraction function. We interpret in detail the electronic structure of the Au23 core by using a particle-in-a-cylinder model. Although the alkane thiolate ligands are achiral, the chiral structure of the ligand layer yields strong circular dichroism (CD) in the excitations below 2.2 eV for Au38(SCH3)24. Our calculated CD spectrum is in quantitative agreement with the previously measured low-energy CD signal of glutathione-protected Au38(SG)24. Our study demonstrates a new mechanism for the strong chiral respo...

Genome-wide association and large-scale follow up identifies 16 new loci influencing lung function

Abstract: Pulmonary function measures reflect respiratory health and are used in the diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. We tested genome-wide association with forced expiratory volume in 1 second and the ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 second to forced vital capacity in 48,201 individuals of European ancestry with follow up of the top associations in up to an additional 46,411 individuals. We identified new regions showing association (combined P < 5 × 10(-8)) with pulmonary function in or near MFAP2, TGFB2, HDAC4, RARB, MECOM (also known as EVI1), SPATA9, ARMC2, NCR3, ZKSCAN3, CDC123, C10orf11, LRP1, CCDC38, MMP15, CFDP1 and KCNE2. Identification of these 16 new loci may provide insight into the molecular mechanisms regulating pulmonary function and into molecular targets for future therapy to alleviate reduced lung function.