University of Kentucky

About: University of Kentucky is a education organization based out in Lexington, Kentucky, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 43933 authors who have published 92195 publications receiving 3256087 citations. The organization is also known as: UK.

Interventional therapies, surgery, and interdisciplinary rehabilitation for low back pain: an evidence-based clinical practice guideline from the American Pain Society.

Abstract: Study design Clinical practice guideline Objective To develop evidence-based recommendations on use of interventional diagnostic tests and therapies, surgeries, and interdisciplinary rehabilitation for low back pain of any duration, with or without leg pain Summary of background data Management of patients with persistent and disabling low back pain remains a clinical challenge A number of interventional diagnostic tests and therapies and surgery are available and their use is increasing, but in some cases their utility remains uncertain or controversial Interdisciplinary rehabilitation has also been proposed as a potentially effective noninvasive intervention for persistent and disabling low back pain Methods A multidisciplinary panel was convened by the American Pain Society Its recommendations were based on a systematic review that focused on evidence from randomized controlled trials Recommendations were graded using methods adapted from the US Preventive Services Task Force and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation Working Group Results Investigators reviewed 3348 abstracts A total of 161 randomized trials were deemed relevant to the recommendations in this guideline The panel developed a total of 8 recommendations Conclusion Recommendations on use of interventional diagnostic tests and therapies, surgery, and interdisciplinary rehabilitation are presented Due to important trade-offs between potential benefits, harms, costs, and burdens of alternative therapies, shared decision-making is an important component of a number of the recommendations

The National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC) database: the Uniform Data Set.

Abstract: The National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC) is responsible for developing and maintaining a database of participant information collected from the 29 Alzheimer's Disease Centers (ADCs) funded by the National Institute on Aging (NIA). The NIA appointed the ADC Clinical Task Force to determine and define an expanded, standardized clinical data set, called the Uniform Data Set (UDS). The goal of the UDS is to provide ADC researchers a standard set of assessment procedures, collected longitudinally, to better characterize ADC participants with mild Alzheimer disease and mild cognitive impairment in comparison with nondemented controls. NACC implemented the UDS (September 2005) by developing data collection forms for initial and follow-up visits based on Clinical Task Force definitions, a relational database, and a data submission system accessible by all ADCs. The NIA requires ADCs to submit UDS data to NACC for all their Clinical Core participants. Thus, the NACC web site (https://www.alz.washington.edu) was enhanced to provide efficient and secure access data submission and retrieval systems.

Gender differences in proclivity for unethical behavior

Abstract: This paper explores possible connections between gender and the willingness to engage in unethical business behavior. Two approaches to gender and ethics are presented: the structural approach and the socialization approach. Data from a sample of 213 business school students reveal that men are more than two times as likely as women to engage in actions regarded as unethical but it is also important to note that relatively few would engage in any of these actions with the exception of buying stock with inside information. Fifty percent of the males were willing to buy stock with insider information. Overall, the results support the gender socialization approach.

Experimental modeling of spinal cord injury: characterization of a force-defined injury device.

Abstract: We examined the ability of a novel spinal cord injury (SCI) device to produce graded morphological and behavioral changes in the adult rat following an injury at thoracic level 10 (T10). The injury device uses force applied to the tissue as the control variable rather than tissue displacement. This has the advantage of eliminating errors that may arise from tissue movement prior to injury. Three different injury severities, defined by the amount of force applied to the exposed spinal cord at T10 (100, 150, and 200 kdyn), were evaluated at two different survival times (7 and 42 d). Unbiased stereology was employed to evaluate morphological differences following the injury. Quantitative behavioral assessment employed the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan locomotive rating scale. There was a significant force-related decline in locomotive ability following the injury. Animals subjected to a 200-kdyn injury performed significantly worse than animals subjected to a 100- and 150-kdyn injury. The locomotor ability at different days post injury significantly correlated with the amount of force applied to the spinal cord. Statistical analysis revealed several significant force-related morphological differences following the injury. The greatest loss of white and gray matter occurred at the site of injury impact and extended in both a rostral and caudal direction. Animals subjected to the greatest force (200 kdyn) displayed the least amount of spared tissue at both survival times indicative of the most severe injury. The amount of spared tissue significantly correlated with the locomotor ability. This novel rodent model of SCI provides a significant improvement over existing devices for SCI by reducing variability with a constant preset force to define the injury.