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Institution

University of Kiel

EducationKiel, Germany
About: University of Kiel is a education organization based out in Kiel, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Transplantation. The organization has 27816 authors who have published 57114 publications receiving 2061802 citations. The organization is also known as: Christian Albrechts University & Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The pathology and biology of the various NETs and NECs of the gastrointestinal tract (including the oesophagus) and the pancreas are reviewed.
Abstract: Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs) are composed of cells with a neuroendocrine phenotype. The old and the new WHO classifications distinguish between well-differentiated and poorly differentiated neoplasms. All well-differentiated neoplasms, regardless of whether they behave benignly or develop metastases, will be called neuroendocrine tumours (NETs), and graded G1 (Ki67 20%). To stratify the GEP-NETs and GEP-NECs regarding their prognosis, they are now further classified according to TNM-stage systems that were recently proposed by the European Neuroendocrine Tumour Society (ENETS) and the AJCC/UICC. In the light of these criteria the pathology and biology of the various NETs and NECs of the gastrointestinal tract (including the oesophagus) and the pancreas are reviewed.

290 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Liangdan Sun1, Hui Cheng1, Hui Cheng2, Zaixing Wang1, Zaixing Wang2, Anping Zhang2, Anping Zhang1, Pei-Guang Wang2, Pei-Guang Wang1, Jinhua Xu3, Qi-Xing Zhu2, Qi-Xing Zhu1, Hai-Sheng Zhou1, Hai-Sheng Zhou2, Eva Ellinghaus4, Furen Zhang1, Xiong-Ming Pu1, Xueqin Yang1, Jianzhong Zhang5, Ai-E Xu1, Ri-Na Wu6, Limin Xu, Lin Peng7, Cynthia Helms7, Yunqing Ren2, Yunqing Ren1, Chi Zhang2, Chi Zhang1, Shu-Mei Zhang1, Shu-Mei Zhang2, Rajan P. Nair8, Hongyan Wang2, Hongyan Wang1, Guo-Shu Lin2, Guo-Shu Lin1, Philip E. Stuart8, Xing Fan1, Xing Fan2, Gang Chen2, Gang Chen1, Trilokraj Tejasvi8, Pan Li2, Pan Li1, Jun Zhu2, Jun Zhu1, Zhi-Ming Li1, Zhi-Ming Li2, Hong-Mei Ge1, Hong-Mei Ge2, Michael Weichenthal, Wen-Zheng Ye2, Wen-Zheng Ye1, Cheng Zhang2, Cheng Zhang1, Songke Shen2, Songke Shen1, Baoqi Yang, Yuan-Yuan Sun2, Yuan-Yuan Sun1, Shan-Shan Li1, Shan-Shan Li2, Yan Lin2, Yan Lin1, Jian-Hua Jiang, Cun-Tao Li1, Cun-Tao Li2, Ri-Xin Chen2, Ri-Xin Chen1, Juan Cheng, Xin Jiang1, Xin Jiang2, Peng Zhang2, Peng Zhang1, Wei-Min Song, Jin Tang1, Jin Tang2, Hao-Qin Zhang2, Hao-Qin Zhang1, Li Sun6, Jing Cui1, Jing Cui2, Li-Jun Zhang2, Li-Jun Zhang1, Biao Tang2, Biao Tang1, Fei Huang2, Fei Huang1, Qian Qin1, Qian Qin2, Xiao-Ping Pei2, Xiao-Ping Pei1, Ai-Min Zhou, Li-Mei Shao2, Li-Mei Shao1, Jian-Lan Liu1, Jian-Lan Liu2, Feng-Yu Zhang2, Feng-Yu Zhang1, Wei-Dong Du1, Wei-Dong Du2, Andre Franke4, Anne M. Bowcock7, James T. Elder8, Jianjun Liu1, Jianjun Liu2, Jianjun Liu9, Sen Yang1, Sen Yang2, Xuejun Zhang 
TL;DR: Six new susceptibility loci associated with psoriasis in the Chinese study containing the candidate genes ERAP1, PTTG1, CSMD1, GJB2, SERPINB8 and ZNF816A are identified and the heterogeneity of disease susceptibility between the Chinese and European populations is highlighted.
Abstract: We extended our previous genome-wide association study for psoriasis with a multistage replication study including 8,312 individuals with psoriasis (cases) and 12,919 controls from China as well as 3,293 cases and 4,188 controls from Germany and the United States and 254 nuclear families from the United States. We identified six new susceptibility loci associated with psoriasis in the Chinese study containing the candidate genes ERAP1, PTTG1, CSMD1, GJB2, SERPINB8 and ZNF816A (combined P < 5 × 10⁻⁸) and replicated one locus, 5q33.1 (TNIP1-ANXA6), previously reported (combined P = 3.8 × 10⁻²¹) in the European studies. Two of these loci showed evidence for association in the German study at ZNF816A and GJB2 with P = 3.6 × 10⁻³ and P = 7.9 × 10⁻³, respectively. ERAP1 and ZNF816A were associated with type 1 (early onset) psoriasis in the Chinese Han population (test for heterogeneity P = 6.5 × 10⁻³ and P = 1.5 × 10⁻³, respectively). Comparisons with the results of previous GWAS of psoriasis highlight the heterogeneity of disease susceptibility between the Chinese and European populations. Our study identifies new genetic susceptibility factors and suggests new biological pathways in psoriasis.

290 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 May 2002-Ionics
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a new method that is relatively simple, and could be advantageous in some cases, involving the employment and proper interpretation of low amplitude variable frequency AC measurements, a general technique that is often called impedance spectroscopy.
Abstract: In materials that are of interest for use as solid electrolytes it is important that charge transport is predominantly related to ionic motion, with minimal minority electronic conduction. On the other hand, a number of materials are mixed ionic and electronic conductors. Several DC methods that have been developed over many years to evaluate the separate electronic and ionic components of the total charge transport in solids. These include the Tubandt DC method, the DC assymetric polarization technique sometimes called the Hebb-Wagner method, and the DC open circuit potential method. This paper presents a new method that is relatively simple, and could be advantageous in some cases. It involves the employment and proper interpretation of low amplitude variable frequency AC measurements, a general technique that is often called impedance spectroscopy. As an example, the results of the use of this method on a mixed-conducting perovskite related to the well-known LSGM, La0.4Pr0.4Sr0.2In0.8Mg0.2O2.8, are shown.

290 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that copepods can be highly adept at breaking up their own pellets while ingesting only a small proportion, a behaviour the authors define as “coprorhexy” and speculate on the nutritional value of such a behaviour and the possible significance of “ghost” pellets, consisting of a membrane with little or no apparent solid content.
Abstract: Copepod faecal pellets have often been considered as rapid transporters of material out of the euphotic zone. Laboratory experiments on their degradation and sinking rates support this view, but field data on the distribution and flux of pellets through the water colomn present contradictory evidence. We suggest that due to the exclusion of metazoans from previously published degradation experiments, such studies may have little relevance to the natural environments. In 1987/1988 we carried out experiments using adult copepods of mixed species but dominated byCentropages hamatus collected in Kiel Bight (FRG). We have demonstrated that copepods can be highly adept at breaking up their own pellets while ingesting only a small proportion, a behaviour we define as “coprorhexy”. The microbiota is probably unable to cause significant modification to faecal pellets before they are fragmented within a few hours of their production. Thereafter, microbial remineralisation will become important. Many of the “difficult” field data can be readily explained if the process of coprorhexy is taken into account and, indeed, breakage of large particles by crustacean zooplankton may be an important process in modifying material transport in the ocean. Copepods appear to perform coprorhexy by removing the peritrophic membrane with its attached bacterial flora and this may then be ingested. We speculate on the nutritional value of such a behaviour and the possible significance of “ghost” pellets, consisting of a membrane with little or no apparent solid content.

290 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Feb 2008-Science
TL;DR: It is shown that inhibition of cathepsin K could potently suppress autoimmune inflammation of the joints as well as osteoclastic bone resorption in autoimmune arthritis and mice were resistant to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
Abstract: Cathepsin K was originally identified as an osteoclast-specific lysosomal protease, the inhibitor of which has been considered might have therapeutic potential. We show that inhibition of cathepsin K could potently suppress autoimmune inflammation of the joints as well as osteoclastic bone resorption in autoimmune arthritis. Furthermore, cathepsin K–/– mice were resistant to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Pharmacological inhibition or targeted disruption of cathepsin K resulted in defective Toll-like receptor 9 signaling in dendritic cells in response to unmethylated CpG DNA, which in turn led to attenuated induction of T helper 17 cells, without affecting the antigen-presenting ability of dendritic cells. These results suggest that cathepsin K plays an important role in the immune system and may serve as a valid therapeutic target in autoimmune diseases.

289 citations


Authors

Showing all 28103 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Stefan Schreiber1781233138528
Jun Wang1661093141621
William J. Sandborn1621317108564
Jens Nielsen1491752104005
Tak W. Mak14880794871
Annette Peters1381114101640
Severine Vermeire134108676352
Peter M. Rothwell13477967382
Dusan Bruncko132104284709
Gideon Bella129130187905
Dirk Schadendorf1271017105777
Neal L. Benowitz12679260658
Thomas Schwarz12370154560
Meletios A. Dimopoulos122137171871
Christian Weber12277653842
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023197
2022421
20212,760
20202,643
20192,556
20182,247