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Institution

University of Kiel

EducationKiel, Germany
About: University of Kiel is a education organization based out in Kiel, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Transplantation. The organization has 27816 authors who have published 57114 publications receiving 2061802 citations. The organization is also known as: Christian Albrechts University & Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The method for algae differentiation described here opens up new research areas, monitoring and supervision tasks related to photosynthetic primary production in aquatic environments.
Abstract: Fingerprints of excitation spectra of chlorophyll (Chl) fluorescence can be used to differentiate 'spectral groups' of microalgae in vivo and in situ in, for example, vertical profiles within a few seconds. The investigated spectral groups of algae (green group, Chlorophyta; blue, Cyanobacteria; brown, Heterokontophyta, Haptophyta, Dinophyta; mixed, Cryptophyta) are each characterised by a specific composition of photosynthetic antenna pigments and, consequently, by a specific excitation spectrum of the Chl fluorescence. Particularly relevant are Chl a, Chl c, phycocyanobilin, phycoerythrobilin, fucoxanthin and peridinin. A laboratory-based instrument and a submersible instrument were constructed containing light-emitting diodes to excite Chl fluorescence in five distinct wavelength ranges. Norm spectra were determined for the four spectral algal groups (several species per group). Using these norm spectra and the actual five-point excitation spectrum of a water sample, a separate estimate of the respective Chl concentration is rapidly obtained for each algal group. The results of dilution experiments are presented. In vivo and in situ measurements are compared with results obtained by HPLC analysis. Depth profiles of the distribution of spectral algal groups taken over a time period of few seconds are shown. The method for algae differentiation described here opens up new research areas, monitoring and supervision tasks related to photosynthetic primary production in aquatic environments.

523 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This multiple‐author article provides a historical state‐of‐the‐art account of what has been achieved, the current situation, and how to progress toward resolving Parkinson's disease.
Abstract: This article reviews and summarizes 200 years of Parkinson's disease. It comprises a relevant history of Dr. James Parkinson's himself and what he described accurately and what he missed from today's perspective. Parkinson's disease today is understood as a multietiological condition with uncertain etiopathogenesis. Many advances have occurred regarding pathophysiology and symptomatic treatments, but critically important issues are still pending resolution. Among the latter, the need to modify disease progression is undoubtedly a priority. In sum, this multiple-author article, prepared to commemorate the bicentenary of the shaking palsy, provides a historical state-of-the-art account of what has been achieved, the current situation, and how to progress toward resolving Parkinson's disease. © 2017 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.

523 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a detailed overview of developments in transducer materials technology relating to their current and future applications in micro-scale devices is provided. And a short discussion of structural polymers that are extending the range of micro-fabrication techniques available to designers and production engineers beyond the limitations of silicon fabrication technology is presented.
Abstract: This paper provides a detailed overview of developments in transducer materials technology relating to their current and future applications in micro-scale devices. Recent advances in piezoelectric, magnetostrictive and shape-memory alloy systems are discussed and emerging transducer materials such as magnetic nanoparticles, expandable micro-spheres and conductive polymers are introduced. Materials properties, transducer mechanisms and end applications are described and the potential for integration of the materials with ancillary systems components is viewed as an essential consideration. The review concludes with a short discussion of structural polymers that are extending the range of micro-fabrication techniques available to designers and production engineers beyond the limitations of silicon fabrication technology.

523 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that the late Holocene drought cycles following the 4.2 ka BP event vary between 200 and 800 years and are coherent with the evolution of cosmogenic 14C production rates, suggesting that solar variability is one fundamental cause behind Holocene rainfall changes over south Asia.
Abstract: [1] Planktonic oxygen isotope ratios off the Indus delta reveal climate changes with a multi-centennial pacing during the last 6 ka, with the most prominent change recorded at 4.2 ka BP. Opposing isotopic trends across the northern Arabian Sea surface at that time indicate a reduction in Indus river discharge and suggest that later cycles also reflect variations in total annual rainfall over south Asia. The 4.2 ka event is coherent with the termination of urban Harappan civilization in the Indus valley. Thus, drought may have initiated southeastward habitat tracking within the Harappan cultural domain. The late Holocene drought cycles following the 4.2 ka BP event vary between 200 and 800 years and are coherent with the evolution of cosmogenic 14C production rates. This suggests that solar variability is one fundamental cause behind Holocene rainfall changes over south Asia.

522 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The transcriptional profile of the mucosa appears to interact with the colonic microbiota; this interaction appears to be lost in colon of patients with UC, which has different gene expression profiles and lower levels of biodiversity than their healthy twins.

522 citations


Authors

Showing all 28103 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Stefan Schreiber1781233138528
Jun Wang1661093141621
William J. Sandborn1621317108564
Jens Nielsen1491752104005
Tak W. Mak14880794871
Annette Peters1381114101640
Severine Vermeire134108676352
Peter M. Rothwell13477967382
Dusan Bruncko132104284709
Gideon Bella129130187905
Dirk Schadendorf1271017105777
Neal L. Benowitz12679260658
Thomas Schwarz12370154560
Meletios A. Dimopoulos122137171871
Christian Weber12277653842
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023197
2022421
20212,760
20202,643
20192,556
20182,247