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Institution

University of Kiel

EducationKiel, Germany
About: University of Kiel is a education organization based out in Kiel, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Transplantation. The organization has 27816 authors who have published 57114 publications receiving 2061802 citations. The organization is also known as: Christian Albrechts University & Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The Asian monsoon is comprised of the Indian and East Asian subsystems, and the extent to which they interact with other climate phenomena (e.g., ENSO) are current topics of modern and paleoclimate research.

508 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Mar 1978-Nature
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that active sand dunes were extensive 18,000 yr ago, whereas they were generally dormant 6,000 yrs ago, thus the former textbook concept of an arid climatic optimum and a pluvially active glacial maximum is reversed.
Abstract: THE past 20,000 yr have witnessed tremendous climatic changes, a glacial maximum at about 18,000 yr BP and a climatic optimum centred on about 6,000 yr BP, both of which mark extreme situations for the Quaternary. This paper attempts to show that active sand dunes were extensive 18,000 yr ago. Conversely, it seems that sand dunes were generally dormant 6,000 yr ago. Thus the former textbook concept1,2 of an arid climatic optimum and a pluvially active glacial maximum is reversed.

508 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the tuning of different passive damping methods and an analytical estimation of the damping losses allowing the choice of the minimum resistor value resulting in a stable current control and not compromising the LCL-filter effectiveness are proposed.
Abstract: Passive damping is the most adopted method to guarantee the stability of LCL-filter-based grid converters. The method is simple and, if the switching and sampling frequencies are sufficiently high, the damping losses are negligible. This letter proposes the tuning of different passive damping methods and an analytical estimation of the damping losses allowing the choice of the minimum resistor value resulting in a stable current control and not compromising the LCL-filter effectiveness. Stability, including variations in the grid inductance, is studied through root locus analysis in the z-plane. The analysis is validated both with simulation and with experiments.

506 citations

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 1999
TL;DR: The resource-constrained project scheduling problem (RCPSP) as discussed by the authors can be seen as a special case of the problem of minimizing the makespan of a single project.
Abstract: The resource-constrained project scheduling problem (RCPSP) can be given as follows. A single project consists of a set J = {0,1,…, n, n +1} of activities which have to be processed. Fictitious activities 0 and n + 1 correspond to the “project start” and to the “project end”, respectively. The activities are interrelated by two kinds of constraints. First, precedence constraints force activity j not to be started before all its immediate predecessor activities comprised in the set P j have been finished. Second, performing the activities requires resources with limited capacities. We have k resource types, given by the set K = {1,…,K}. While being processed, activity j requires r j,k units of resource type k ∈ K during every period of its non-preemptable duration p j . Resource type k has a limited capacity of R k at any point in time. The parameters pj,r j,k , and R k are assumed to be deterministic; for the project start and end activities we have pj = 0 and r j,k = 0 for all k ∈ K. The objective of the RCPSP is to find precedence and resource feasible completion times for all activities such that the makespan of the project is minimized. Figure 7:1 gives an example of a project comprising n = 6 activities which have to be scheduled subject to K = 1 renewable resource type with a capacity of 4 units. A feasible schedule with an optimal makespan of 13 periods is represented in Figure 7:2.

505 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Nov 2013-Gut
TL;DR: The results demonstrate that ABs targeting specific pathogenic infections and diseases may alter gut microbial ecology and interactions with host metabolism at a much higher level than previously assumed.
Abstract: It is known that the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) microbiota responds to different antibiotics in different ways and that while some antibiotics do not induce disturbances of the community, others drastically influence the richness, diversity, and prevalence of bacterial taxa. However, the metabolic consequences thereof, independent of the degree of the community shifts, are not clearly understood. In a recent article, we used an integrative OMICS approach to provide new insights into the metabolic shifts caused by antibiotic disturbance. The study presented here further suggests that specific bacterial lineage blooms occurring at defined stages of antibiotic intervention are mostly associated with organisms that possess improved survival and colonization mechanisms, such as those of the Enterococcus, Blautia, Faecalibacterium, and Akkermansia genera. The study also provides an overview of the most variable metabolic functions affected as a consequence of a β-lactam antibiotic intervention. Thus, we observed that anabolic sugar metabolism, the production of acetyl donors and the synthesis and degradation of intestinal/colonic epithelium components were among the most variable functions during the intervention. We are aware that these results have been established with a single patient and will require further confirmation with a larger group of individuals and with other antibiotics. Future directions for exploration of the effects of antibiotic interventions are discussed.

505 citations


Authors

Showing all 28103 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Stefan Schreiber1781233138528
Jun Wang1661093141621
William J. Sandborn1621317108564
Jens Nielsen1491752104005
Tak W. Mak14880794871
Annette Peters1381114101640
Severine Vermeire134108676352
Peter M. Rothwell13477967382
Dusan Bruncko132104284709
Gideon Bella129130187905
Dirk Schadendorf1271017105777
Neal L. Benowitz12679260658
Thomas Schwarz12370154560
Meletios A. Dimopoulos122137171871
Christian Weber12277653842
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023197
2022421
20212,760
20202,643
20192,556
20182,247