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Institution

University of Konstanz

EducationKonstanz, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
About: University of Konstanz is a education organization based out in Konstanz, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Visualization. The organization has 12115 authors who have published 27401 publications receiving 951162 citations. The organization is also known as: University of Constance & Universität Konstanz.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is shown that three Palearctic-African species track vegetation greenness throughout their annual cycle, adjusting the timing and direction of migratory movements with seasonal changes in resource availability over Europe and Africa.
Abstract: Migratory birds track seasonal resources across and between continents. We propose a general strategy of tracking the broad seasonal abundance of resources throughout the annual cycle in the longest-distance migrating land birds as an alternative to tracking a certain climatic niche or shorter-term resource surplus occurring, for example, during spring foliation. Whether and how this is possible for complex annual spatiotemporal schedules is not known. New tracking technology enables unprecedented spatial and temporal mapping of long-distance movement of birds. We show that three Palearctic-African species track vegetation greenness throughout their annual cycle, adjusting the timing and direction of migratory movements with seasonal changes in resource availability over Europe and Africa. Common cuckoos maximize the vegetation greenness, whereas red-backed shrikes and thrush nightingales track seasonal surplus in greenness. Our results demonstrate that the longest-distance migrants move between consecutive staging areas even within the wintering region in Africa to match seasonal variation in regional climate. End-of-century climate projections indicate that optimizing greenness would be possible but that vegetation surplus might be more difficult to track in the future.

189 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the carrier envelope-phase control of the electronic current over a laterally confined tunnelling gap a few nanometres wide yields current densities above 50 MA cm 2 driven by picojoule-level optical pulses at room temperature.
Abstract: Carrier-envelope-phase control of the electronic current over a laterally confined tunnelling gap a few nanometres wide yields current densities above 50 MA cm–2 driven by picojoule-level optical pulses at room temperature.

188 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is suggested that crater lake Midas cichlids follow the predicted pattern of an adaptive radiation, with early divergence of each crater lake colonization, followed by intralacustrine diversification and speciation by ecological adaptation and sexual selection.
Abstract: The polychromatic and trophically polymorphic Midas cichlid fish species complex (Amphilophus cf. citrinellus) is an excellent model system for studying the mechanisms of speciation and patterns of phenotypic diversification in allopatry and in sympatry. Here, we first review research to date on the species complex and the geological history of its habitat. We analyse body shape variation from all currently described species in the complex, sampled from six crater lakes (maximally 1.2–23.9 kyr old) and both great lakes in Nicaragua. We find that Midas cichlid populations in each lake have their own characteristic body shape. In lakes with multiple sympatric species of Midas cichlid, each species has a distinct body shape. Across the species complex, most body shape change relates to body depth, head, snout and mouth shape and caudal peduncle length. There is independent parallel evolution of an elongate limnetic species in at least two crater lakes. Mitochondrial genetic diversity is higher in crater lakes with multiple species. Midas cichlid species richness increases with the size and age of the crater lakes, though no such relationship exists for the other syntopic fishes. We suggest that crater lake Midas cichlids follow the predicted pattern of an adaptive radiation, with early divergence of each crater lake colonization, followed by intralacustrine diversification and speciation by ecological adaptation and sexual selection.

188 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
19 Jan 2018-PLOS ONE
TL;DR: Findings suggest that for adults, convincing evidence supports a relationship between PA and socioeconomic status (SES), especially in relation to leisure time (positive relationship) and occupational PA (negative relationship).
Abstract: Background To date, the scientific literature on socioeconomic correlates and determinants of physical activity behaviours has been dispersed throughout a number of systematic reviews, often focusing on one factor (eg education or parental income) in one specific age group (eg pre-school children or adults) The aim of this umbrella review is to provide a comprehensive and systematic overview of the scientific literature from previously conducted research by summarising and synthesising the importance and strength of the evidence related to socioeconomic correlates and determinants of PA behaviours across the life course Methods Medline, Embase, ISI Web of Science, Scopus and SPORTDiscus were searched for systematic literature reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies investigating the association between socioeconomic determinants of PA and PA itself (from January 2004 to September 2017) Data extraction evaluated the importance of determinants, strength of evidence, and methodological quality of the selected papers The full protocol is available from PROSPERO (PROSPERO2014:CRD42015010616) Results Nineteen reviews were included Moderate methodological quality emerged For adults, convincing evidence supports a relationship between PA and socioeconomic status (SES), especially in relation to leisure time (positive relationship) and occupational PA (negative relationship) Conversely, no association between PA and SES or parental SES was found for pre-school, school-aged children and adolescents Conclusions Available evidence on the socioeconomic determinants of PA behaviour across the life course is probable (shows fairly consistent associations) at best While some evidence is available for adults, less was available for youth This is mainly due to a limited quantity of primary studies, weak research designs and lack of accuracy in the PA and SES assessment methods employed Further PA domain specific studies using longitudinal design and clear measures of SES and PA assessment are required

188 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Four strains of strictly anaerobic Gram-negative rod-shaped non-sporeforming bacteria were enriched and isolated from marine and freshwater sediments with acetylene (ethine) as sole source of carbon and energy, indicating that acetylene was metabolized via hydration to acetaldehyde.
Abstract: Four strains of strictly anaerobic Gram-negative rod-shaped non-sporeforming bacteria were enriched and isolated from marine and freshwater sediments with acetylene (ethine) as sole source of carbon and energy. Acetylene, acetoin, ethanolamine, choline, 1,2-propanediol, and glycerol were the only substrates utilized for growth, the latter two only in the presence of small amounts of acetate. Substrates were fermented by disproportionation to acetate and ethanol or the respective higher acids and alcohols. No cytochromes were detectable; the guanine plus cytosine content of the DNA was 57.1±0.2 mol%. Alcohol dehydrogenase, aldehyde dehydrogenase, phosphate acetyltransferase, and acetate kinase were found in high activities in cell-free extracts of acetylene-grown cells indicating that acetylene was metabolized via hydration to acetaldehyde. Ethanol was oxidized to acetate in syntrophic coculture with hydrogen-scavenging anaerobes. The new isolates are described as a new species in the genusPelobacter, P. acetylenicus.

188 citations


Authors

Showing all 12272 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Robert E. W. Hancock15277588481
Lloyd J. Old152775101377
Andrew White1491494113874
Stefanie Dimmeler14757481658
Rudolf Amann14345985525
Niels Birbaumer14283577853
Thomas P. Russell141101280055
Emmanuelle Perez138155099016
Shlomo Havlin131101383347
Bruno S. Frey11990065368
Roald Hoffmann11687059470
Michael G. Fehlings116118957003
Yves Van de Peer11549461479
Axel Meyer11251151195
Manuela Campanelli11167548563
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202360
2022202
20211,361
20201,299
20191,166
20181,082