Showing papers by "University of Lapland published in 2016"

Evidence of evolutionary homogenization of bird communities in urban environments across Europe

Abstract: Aim The process of urbanization can lead to specialist species being replaced by generalist species in space and time, increasing similarity among bird communities. This phenomenon is termed biotic homogenization and is directly related to taxonomic and functional diversity. However, the effects of urbanization on phylogenetic diversity remain unclear. Our study addresses the effects of the process of urbanization on the evolutionary distinctiveness (a quantitative measure of the genetic or evolutionary uniqueness of species) of bird communities. Location Europe. Methods Mixed models were used to compare the effects of urbanization on the evolutionary distinctiveness of bird communities in rural and urban environments in six different European cities from different ecoregions. Results Our study presents unique large-scale evidence of a negative impact of urban environments on the evolutionary uniqueness of birds. Compared with bird communities in rural environments, bird communities in urban environments have lower average evolutionary distinctiveness in all countries, independent of ecoregion, and these values are unrelated to the taxonomic diversity present in each country. Main conclusions Our findings provide important information on the spectrum of effects on global biodiversity of changes in land use related to the process of urbanization. Therefore, urban environments are a factor of concern for maintaining diversity across the tree of life of birds, and we suggest that urbanization planning could help buffer against extreme loss of phylogenetic diversity caused by this process.

Sea ice, rain-on-snow and tundra reindeer nomadism in Arctic Russia.

Abstract: Sea ice loss is accelerating in the Barents and Kara Seas (BKS). Assessing potential linkages between sea ice retreat/thinning and the region's ancient and unique social–ecological systems is a pressing task. Tundra nomadism remains a vitally important livelihood for indigenous Nenets and their large reindeer herds. Warming summer air temperatures have been linked to more frequent and sustained summer high-pressure systems over West Siberia, Russia, but not to sea ice retreat. At the same time, autumn/winter rain-on-snow (ROS) events have become more frequent and intense. Here, we review evidence for autumn atmospheric warming and precipitation increases over Arctic coastal lands in proximity to BKS ice loss. Two major ROS events during November 2006 and 2013 led to massive winter reindeer mortality episodes on the Yamal Peninsula. Fieldwork with migratory herders has revealed that the ecological and socio-economic impacts from the catastrophic 2013 event will unfold for years to come. The suggested link between sea ice loss, more frequent and intense ROS events and high reindeer mortality has serious implications for the future of tundra Nenets nomadism.

Effects of urbanization on breeding birds in European towns: Impacts of species traits

Abstract: Urbanization acts as a filter on bird species behavioral traits so that only few species can tolerate urban constraints. We analyzed how behavioral traits (nesting, feeding, and migratory habits) of breeding bird species affect their frequency of occurrence in the urban centers of 38 European towns. We used binary logistic regression analysis to predict the bird species traits belonging to each trait group. A total of 108 species (21% of the European breeding bird species) were found to breed in the European town centers. According to our broad-scale analyses the bird species most frequently breeding in town centers nest in buildings and/or buildings have diverse diets, in trees (40%) and are resident omnivores, or relied on seeds or fruits as their sources of food. However, almost all bird species also fed on arthropods (92%) during the breeding season. Only a few urban bird species bred on the ground. Four out of the studied 108 species were non-native and five species were predators. Our broad-scale results from Europe indicate that bird species with different behavioral traits can respond differently to urbanization. Bird species that nest in cavities/buildings have diverse diets, that benefit a resident way-of-life, may have an advantage in living and settling in European town centers. Our results from Europe may provide insights related to the development of bird assemblages in the urban core areas of the New World.

Imagining mobility: the prospective cognition question in migration research

Abstract: Most migration research is focused on migrant experiences after mobility and settlement. We argue that empirical researchers would benefit from studying how cognitive migration, the narrative imagining of oneself inhabiting a foreign destination prior to the actual physical move, influences migration behaviour. This article notes a gap in our current understanding of the process by which individuals decide to cross international borders and offers an agenda for remedying this. The interdisciplinarity of migration research has not fully extended to social psychology or cognitive social sciences, where a dynamic research agenda has examined human decision-making processes, including prospection and the connections between culture and cognition. The study of socio-cognitive processes in migration decision-making has been largely overlooked because of the after-the-fact nature of data collection and analysis rather than an aversion to these approaches per se. We highlight a number of strategic finding...

Where do the treeless tundra areas of northern highlands fit in the global biome system: toward an ecologically natural subdivision of the tundra biome

Abstract: This is the published version of the article. Published source: http://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1837 .

Long-Term Trends and Role of Climate in the Population Dynamics of Eurasian Reindeer

Abstract: Temperature is increasing in Arctic and sub-Arctic regions at a higher rate than anywhere else in the world. The frequency and nature of precipitation events are also predicted to change in the future. These changes in climate are expected, together with increasing human pressures, to have significant impacts on Arctic and sub-Arctic species and ecosystems. Due to the key role that reindeer play in those ecosystems, it is essential to understand how climate will affect the region's most important species. Our study assesses the role of climate on the dynamics of fourteen Eurasian reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) populations, using for the first time data on reindeer abundance collected over a 70-year period, including both wild and semi-domesticated reindeer, and covering more than half of the species' total range. We analyzed trends in population dynamics, investigated synchrony among population growth rates, and assessed the effects of climate on population growth rates. Trends in the population dynamics were remarkably heterogeneous. Synchrony was apparent only among some populations and was not correlated with distance among population ranges. Proxies of climate variability mostly failed to explain population growth rates and synchrony. For both wild and semi-domesticated populations, local weather, biotic pressures, loss of habitat and human disturbances appear to have been more important drivers of reindeer population dynamics than climate. In semi-domesticated populations, management strategies may have masked the effects of climate. Conservation efforts should aim to mitigate human disturbances, which could exacerbate the potentially negative effects of climate change on reindeer populations in the future. Special protection and support should be granted to those semi-domesticated populations that suffered the most because of the collapse of the Soviet Union, in order to protect the livelihood of indigenous peoples that depend on the species, and the multi-faceted role that reindeer exert in Arctic ecosystems.

Do shifts in life strategies explain microbial community responses to increasing nitrogen in tundra soil

Abstract: Subarctic tundra soils store large quantities of the global organic carbon (C) pool as the decomposition of plant litter and soil organic matter is limited by low temperatures and limiting nutrients. Mechanisms that drive organic matter decomposition are still poorly understood due to our limited knowledge of microbial communities and their responses to changing conditions. In subarctic tundra large grazers, in particular reindeer, exert a strong effect on vegetation and nutrient availability causing drastic nutrient pulses in the soils located along the migratory routes. Here we studied the effect of increased nitrogen (N) availability on microbial community structure and activities by laboratory incubations of soil collected from two sites with contrasting grazing intensities. We hypothesized that heavily grazed soil experiencing nutrient pulses harbor more copiotrophic taxa that are able to respond positively to increases in available N leading to increased enzyme activities and respiration. Contrary to our hypothesis, there were only minor differences in the microbial community composition between the lightly and heavily grazed soils. N amendment shifted the bacterial community composition drastically, but the changes were similar at both grazing intensities. The relative abundance of diverse Actinobacteria and Rhodanobacter-affiliated Gammaproteobacteria increased in the N amended microcosms, while the abundance of Acidobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, Deltaproteobacteria, Verrucomicrobia and Bacteroidetes decreased. Contrary to our hypotheses, increased N availability decreased respiration and microbial biomass at both grazing intensities, while increased N availability had little influence on the extracellular enzyme activities. We propose that similar to what has been reported in other systems, elevated N availability suppressed microbial respiration and biomass by favoring copiotrophic species with faster growth rates and with limited capabilities to decompose recalcitrant organic matter. Similar responses in soils from contrasting vegetation types, soil organic matter (SOM) quality and N availabilities in response to grazing intensity indicate that nutrient pulses may have a strong direct impact on the microbial communities. Responses detected using laboratory incubations are likely amplified in the field where the direct effect of increased N availability is combined with increase in labile C through changes in plant production and species composition.

Marine ice sheet model performance depends on basal sliding physics and sub-shelf melting

Abstract: . Computer models are necessary for understanding and predicting marine ice sheet behaviour. However, there is uncertainty over implementation of physical processes at the ice base, both for grounded and floating glacial ice. Here we implement several sliding relations in a marine ice sheet flow-line model accounting for all stress components and demonstrate that model resolution requirements are strongly dependent on both the choice of basal sliding relation and the spatial distribution of ice shelf basal melting. Sliding relations that reduce the magnitude of the step change in basal drag from grounded ice to floating ice (where basal drag is set to zero) show reduced dependence on resolution compared to a commonly used relation, in which basal drag is purely a power law function of basal ice velocity. Sliding relations in which basal drag goes smoothly to zero as the grounding line is approached from inland (due to a physically motivated incorporation of effective pressure at the bed) provide further reduction in resolution dependence. A similar issue is found with the imposition of basal melt under the floating part of the ice shelf: melt parameterisations that reduce the abruptness of change in basal melting from grounded ice (where basal melt is set to zero) to floating ice provide improved convergence with resolution compared to parameterisations in which high melt occurs adjacent to the grounding line. Thus physical processes, such as sub-glacial outflow (which could cause high melt near the grounding line), impact on capability to simulate marine ice sheets. If there exists an abrupt change across the grounding line in either basal drag or basal melting, then high resolution will be required to solve the problem. However, the plausible combination of a physical dependency of basal drag on effective pressure, and the possibility of low ice shelf basal melt rates next to the grounding line, may mean that some marine ice sheet systems can be reliably simulated at a coarser resolution than currently thought necessary.

Mergers in higher education

Abstract: In this special issue of the European Journal of Higher Education, a number of experienced scholars provide a broad picture of the most recent round of mergers involving higher education institutions in Europe and beyond. In doing so, they address issues pertaining to the different phases described above and from various theoretical perspectives and in the light of particular historical trajectories and institutional conditions. The primary aim is to provide both an empirical account of recent developments as well as an initial foundation for more sophisticated and robust conceptual models used to illuminate on the complex phenomenon surrounding mergers in higher education, and, in turn, critically assess the implications when it comes to change patterns and future directions at the national and supranational (Europe) levels.

How to Make the Neighbourhood School a School for All?: Finnish Teachers' Perceptions of Educational Reform Aiming towards Inclusion.

Abstract: A new special education strategy was launched in Finland by the Ministry of Education in 2007. The new Basic Act was enacted in 2010 and the new national core curriculum concerning three-tiered support for pupils in 2011. Since the 1990s, teachers across Finland have participated in developing Finnish basic education towards greater inclusion. The goal of this study was to enhance understanding of the implementation of the Finnish educational reforms. In this study, teachers' perceptions of good inclusive teaching arrangements were analysed and compared with the theories of inclusive education. There is still a lack of information available on the implementation of inclusive education practices, and especially about teachers' experiences of teaching in inclusive classrooms. In 2010, basic education teachers (N = 327) in Lapland, Finland, were asked to describe their experiences and perceptions of inclusive teaching arrangements. The results indicated that teaching practices have become more diverse, flexible and differentiated, enabling teaching of diverse groups. More and more teachers preferred teaching in teams and planning their work together, showing that changes in schools change the teacher's profession too. In this study, a framework for inclusive schools was constructed through implementing the indexes of inclusion created by Booth and Ainscow.

Resources, Rights and Communities: Extractive Mega-Projects and Local People in the Russian Arctic

Abstract: Industry in the twenty-first century advances to ever-remoter regions, seen as ‘periphery’ from the point of view of headquarters and capital cities, while for local people these areas are the core of their world. This article investigates the encounter between communities, regulatory authorities and industry in the Russian Arctic. Using cases from Sakha (Yakutiya), we analyse how communities organise for coexistence of traditional livelihoods with big industrial projects in what we call state-led resource development. Our analysis shows the surprising room for agency that development agendas in a centralised state nonetheless leave for local people so far.

Mastery, submission, and subversion:on the performative construction of strategist identity

Abstract: While research on strategy-making has begun to focus attention on identity construction, we nevertheless lack a critical understanding of the ways in which socio-historical understandings of strategy are (re)constructed at the level of identity. In this article, we draw on Judith Butler’s theorizing on performative subject formation—first to explore identity constructions grounded in the simultaneity of submitting to and mastering the socio-historical discourses of strategy and second to consider the subversion of discourses and identities enabled by this simultaneity. We distinguish between three performative identity constructions and demonstrate that by submitting to specific understandings of strategy discourses such as the illusion of control (the analytical strategist), omnipotence (the strategic leader), and personal glory (the state-of-the-art strategist), managers face the unattainability of these projects, which drives them to increase their mastery of the dominant discourses in order to win acceptance from others. Highlighting the dynamics of identity construction in strategy-making, we argue that subversion of the dominant discourses and identities is at best subtle. This enables us to better comprehend the persistence of dominant conceptions and related problems in strategy-making such as the overemphasis on technical rationality, anxiety in the face of uncertainty, heightened expectations of heroism, and the inability to engage in genuine dialogue with others and to consider broader social and societal issues as part of strategy-making.

The snow must go on: Ground ice encasement, snow compaction and absence of snow differently cause soil hypoxia, CO2 accumulation and tree seedling damage in boreal forest

Abstract: At high latitudes, the climate has warmed at twice the rate of the global average with most changes observed in autumn, winter and spring. Increasing winter temperatures and wide temperature fluctuations are leading to more frequent rain-on-snow events and freeze-thaw cycles causing snow compaction and formation of ice layers in the snowpack, thus creating ice encasement (IE). By decreasing the snowpack insulation capacity and restricting soil-atmosphere gas exchange, modification of the snow properties may lead to colder soil but also to hypoxia and accumulation of trace gases in the subnivean environment. To test the effects of these overwintering conditions changes on plant winter survival and growth, we established a snow manipulation experiment in a coniferous forest in Northern Finland with Norway spruce and Scots pine seedlings. In addition to ambient conditions and prevention of IE, we applied three snow manipulation levels: IE created by artificial rain-on-snow events, snow compaction and complete snow removal. Snow removal led to deeper soil frost during winter, but no clear effect of IE or snow compaction done in early winter was observed on soil temperature. Hypoxia and accumulation of CO2 were highest in the IE plots but, more importantly, the duration of CO2 concentration above 5% was 17 days in IE plots compared to 0 days in ambient plots. IE was the most damaging winter condition for both species, decreasing the proportion of healthy seedlings by 47% for spruce and 76% for pine compared to ambient conditions. Seedlings in all three treatments tended to grow less than seedlings in ambient conditions but only IE had a significant effect on spruce growth. Our results demonstrate a negative impact of winter climate change on boreal forest regeneration and productivity. Changing snow conditions may thus partially mitigate the positive effect of increasing growing season temperatures on boreal forest productivity.

Smart Handbag as a Wearable Public Display - Exploring Concepts and User Perceptions

Abstract: Wearable computing has so far focused mostly on systems employing small displays, or no displays at all. In contrast, we explore the possibilities of a smart handbag that functions as a wearable public display, focusing on user perceptions of different design concepts. Our prototype smart handbag explores functionalities such as: changing the bag's appearance to match clothing, displaying textual information, creating a see-though perception enabling items inside the bag to be seen, and enabling interaction with items inside the bag. We report on the findings from a wizard-of-Oz based user study, which included the users walking in public with the smart handbag. The smart handbag concepts were positively received, especially from the utilitarian point of view, but issues related to privacy were raised. Key insights are e.g. the creation of a 'handbag mode' for smartphones placed within the smart handbag and the importance of evaluating such wearables in real-world contexts.

Localizing governance of systemic risks: A case study of the Power of Siberia pipeline in Russia

Abstract: For the past three decades, risk has occupied center stage in the energy discourse. Systemic risks have proven particularly challenging for government energy planners and corporate executives, as they are characterized by their complexity, uncertainty, ambiguity, and ability to causing ripple effects throughout economic, social, and political structures. In this article we analyze two approaches to governing systemic risks arising out of energy megaprojects, one mandated under the Russian legal and regulatory regime and one employed by the largely indigenous hunters, fishermen, and reindeer herders residing in the Sakha Republic. Our study focuses on the 4000-km-long natural gas transmission system “Power of Siberia” to be constructed in the sub-Arctic part of the region. We employ a complimentary and corroborative analysis of legal texts, fieldwork observations, semi-structured interviews, and transcripts of official meetings. We establish that the approach to risk taken by the people who occupy the land that the Power of Siberia traverses could provide a useful insight for handling systemic risks in connection with pipeline transportation systems. We also determine that the current Russian legal and regulatory regime fails to provide an adequate basis for governing such risks. We conclude the article by identifying four pathways for integrating valuable elements of the indigenous approach into the current legal and regulatory framework.

Charting Design Preferences on Wellness Wearables

Abstract: This paper presents a study on people's preferences with wearable wellness devices. The results are based on an online survey (n=84), where people assessed different features in wearable wellness devices. Our salient findings show that the highest rated features were the comfort of wearing the device and long battery lifetime. Altogether, factors related to the form factor and industrial design were emphasized, whereas social sharing features attracted surprisingly little attention.

NatureCHI: Unobtrusive User Experiences with Technology in Nature

Abstract: Being in nature is typically regarded to be calming, relaxing and purifying. When in nature, people often seek physical activity like hiking, or meditative, mindful or inspiring experiences remote from the urban everyday life. However, the modern lifestyle easily extends technology use to all sectors of our everyday life, and e.g. the rise of sports tracking technologies, mobile phone integrated cameras and omnipresent social media access have contributed to technologies also arriving into the use context of nature. Also maps and tourist guides are increasingly smart phone or tablet based services. This workshop addresses the challenges that are related to interacting with technology in nature. The viewpoints cover, but are not limited to interaction design and prototyping, social and cultural issues, user experiences that aim for unobtrusive interactions with the technology with nature as the use context

Head mounted display design tool for simulating visual disabilities

Abstract: This paper describes the use of a head mounted display as a design tool to gain better understanding of the issues faced by visually impaired people. The Oculus Rift Head Mounted Display (HMD) was used to navigate through a virtual 3D city model whilst conducting wayfinding and target location tasks. In addition to the baseline of normal vision, we simulated visual disabilities (macular degeneration. cataracts, glaucoma and myopia), such that the user experienced them in first person. We evaluated the system with 14 design students, who found the system useful and helpful in understanding the challenges faced by the visually impaired. The method can be applied to the early design phases of architectural and space design, where 3D models are increasingly commonly used.

MyData Approach for Personal Health -- A Service Design Case for Young Athletes

Abstract: Collecting a digital footprint of data from one's everyday activities is becoming an information source for preventive health care. Wearable sensor technologies combined with mobile phone applications offer an interesting way to collect and monitor personal activity data for personal use, in addition to providing information for wellness and health care professionals. In this paper we present our service design approach for designing a mobile MyData Wellness concept that was developed for young athletes. The concept aims to combine different possibilities of mobile technologies to create a tool that can provide versatile support for wellness. The salient findings from the concept evaluation show that active young people find tracking sports data motivating and interesting, and call for a unified service that combines different wellness-related aspects of life.

The biopolitics of resilient indigeneity and the radical gamble of resistance

Abstract: This paper probes the current empathetic common ground on indigeneity in international politics and views the care for indigeneity as the loving embrace of biopower. First, we argue that indigeneity is a target of particular biopolitical aspirations that resonate with the resilience discourse. By engaging in a critical discussion of resilience as a technique of neoliberal governance we identify adaptation, vulnerability and care as the building blocks of indigenous resilience. They entail a particular script on the proper indigenous subjectivity. Second, we discuss the ways in which resistance could be conceptualised in the context of this power that works through resilience. Resistance to biopower is a gamble that involves gains and losses that are impossible to assess beforehand. We ponder care, victimhood and hope as sites of resistance that could offer ways to view indigeneity in more political terms than those defined by resilience alone.

The impact of trout introductions on macro- and micro- invertebrate communities of fishless boreal lakes

Abstract: Effects of fish introductions on lake ecosystems have long been debated. It has been hypothesized that such effects should be strongest in oligotrophic lakes, where fish were not originally present. We investigated two lakes (one naturally fishless, one fish-stocked in 1980) in northern Fennoscandia, selected because of the absence of other anthropogenic stressors and a well-known stocking history. The diet of the introduced brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) was analysed to estimate the effect of their predation on the pelagic invertebrate communities. Quantitative and qualitative samples were taken to assess the current abundances of pelagic macro- and micro-invertebrates in different habitats of both lakes, to infer the impact of brown trout presence. Past abundances of Cladocera, Chironomidae, Gammarus lacustris and Daphnia longispina were also estimated based on subfossil remains in the sediment, and used to assess how brown trout introduction affected macro- and micro-invertebrates living in different habitats. Relative abundance and species richness of Cladocera were evaluated in sediment cores from both lakes, to assess whether changes were caused by fish-introduction-induced trophic cascades or climate change. Also, planktonic Cladocera (Eubosmina) body sizes were measured to evaluate their response to the release of macro-invertebrate predation pressure. Brown trout introduction displaced macro-invertebrates, i.e. G. lacustris, from the pelagic area, and caused a trophic cascade effect that slightly increased the species richness of Cladocera, but markedly increased their abundance, as shown in the sediment record. Introduced brown trout did not, however, cause a decline in Chironomidae, G. lacustris or D. longispina abundances. On the contrary, it resulted in an approximately five-fold increase in Chironomidae accumulation rates in the sediment. The release of macro-invertebrate predation pressure did not lead to changes in the body shapes of Eubosmina, which could be a consequence of the composition of the original macro-invertebrate species assemblage.

How does supervision support inclusive teacherhood

Abstract: Supervision is a multidimensional concept and phenomenon. In this study, the advantages of supervision and its development in inclusive teacherhood was studied. Inclusive teacherhood means a teacher’s professional development and the school culture’s change toward participatory school for all students. The study analyzed the views of supervisors with a teaching background on how supervision can be a way to support inclusive teacherhood and its development. This was a qualitative research. The data were obtained using the focus-group interview method focused on supervisors with a teaching background. The interviews were conducted in five places in Finland. The analysis involved a combination of phenomenography, particularly the application called the variation theory, and the classic analysis that is typical of the focus-group research method. According to the findings, supervision provides individual and communal support to inclusive teacherhood. Individual support was given in four ways: empowering and promoting new teacherhood, clarifying teachers’ professional growth and roles, helping teachers to evaluate their work, and supporting teachers in challenges at work. Communal support was manifested as strengthening collaboration, promoting a change in the work culture of a school, and developing a communal work approach. At its best, supervision can enable teachers’ professional, communal, and personal development in an inclusive learning environment, but more time, resources, and opportunities for supervision should be arranged for teachers.

Solar shirt: design of an environmental awareness wearable

Abstract: The Solar Shirt is a wearable computing design concept and demo in the area of sustainable and ecological design. The Solar Shirt showcases a concept, which detects the level of noise pollution in the wearer's environment and illustrates it with a garment-integrated display. In addition, the design concept utilizes printed electronic solar cells as part of the garment design, illustrating a design vision towards zero energy wearable computing. The Solar Shirt uses reindeer leather as its main material, giving a soft and luxurious feeling to the garment. The material selections and the style of the garment derive their inspiration from Arctic Design, reflecting the purity of nature and the simplicity and silence of a snowy world.

Individualised home-based rehabilitation after stroke in eastern Finland--the client's perspective

Abstract: Reintegration into society is one of the main purposes of post-stroke rehabilitation. The experiences of clients returning home after a stroke have been studied before. There is, however, little knowledge about activities carried out during home-based rehabilitation interventions and about the involvement of clients in the process. This study focused on clients' experiences of a 3-month individualised, home-based rehabilitation programme supervised by a multidisciplinary team. The data were collected in 2009-2010, and it was based on interviews with 14 clients (48-83 years of age) conducted approximately 7 months after stroke. In the thematic analysis, five main topics describing the goals and functions of the home-based rehabilitation were identified as follows: (i) learning strategies for solving problems in daily activities at home and in the community; (ii) receiving exercise coaching; (iii) exploring community services and facilities; (iv) having a dialogue with professionals; and (v) engaging in activities aimed at returning to work. Implementing rehabilitation activities in the home environment seemed to enhance the participants' active involvement and their ability to evaluate themselves and to set goals for their recovery. Work was an important goal for clients of working age, but work-related tasks were not sufficiently integrated with home-based rehabilitation. A challenge for local communities is to provide health promotion and recreation services that are also suitable for persons with limited functioning.

A World Full of Mergers: The Nordic Countries in a Global Context

Abstract: In this introductory chapter to the volume, the editors present the findings from a literature review undertaken on the topic, and link classical organizational perspectives to the study of merger processes involving higher education institutions. The chapter provides a brief overview of developments across Nordic higher education by referring to Burton Clark’s famous ‘triangle of coordination’. The authors conclude by sketching out the rationale and aim of the comparative study, the ways in which the volume is organized and by providing a short summary of its individual contributions.

Practising postcolonial intersectionality: Gender, religion and indigeneity in Sámi social work

Abstract: This article brings to light multiple manifestations of colonial power relations and the interplay of religion and indigenous culture by analysing Sami women’s experiences of empowerment and subjec...