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Institution

University of Lapland

EducationRovaniemi, Finland
About: University of Lapland is a education organization based out in Rovaniemi, Finland. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Arctic & Indigenous. The organization has 665 authors who have published 1870 publications receiving 39129 citations. The organization is also known as: University of Rovaniemi & Lapin yliopisto.
Topics: Arctic, Indigenous, Climate change, Tundra, Tourism


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, ship-based observations of sea-surface fugacity of CO2 (fCO2sw) were made at 56 locations between 15 September and 26 October and were found to range from 259 μatm in Hudson Strait to 425 µatm at the entrance to James Bay.
Abstract: [1] The lack of baseline estimates of air-sea CO2 exchange in Arctic and sub-Arctic regions represents a major shortfall in our ability to understand how climate change may affect CO2 fluxes at high latitudes. The 2005 ArcticNet cruise of Hudson Bay (Canada) provided a rare comprehensive oceanographic survey of one such region. Ship-based observations of sea-surface fugacity of CO2 (fCO2sw) were made at 56 locations between 15 September and 26 October and were found to range from 259 μatm in Hudson Strait to 425 μatm at the entrance to James Bay. Strong relationships between fCO2sw and river discharge were identified, with coastal waters observed to be supersaturated with respect to the atmosphere, while offshore waters were undersaturated. High correlations of fCO2sw with salinity, sea surface temperature, and colored dissolved organic matter suggest that thermodynamic effects and the oxidation of riverine carbon are driving supersaturation in the coastal zone. Calculated instantaneous fluxes of CO2 ranged from +16.5 mmol m−2 d−1 in James Bay to −19.6 mmol m−2 d−1 in Foxe Channel. Using National Centers for Environmental Prediction wind speed climatologies, a net sink in Hudson Bay of −0.73 (±0.4) mmol m−2 d−1 was estimated for study period, substantially lower compared to many other Arctic shelf environments. This initial study provides a preliminary examination of fCO2sw dynamics in Hudson Bay; future analyses and field measurements will be necessary to properly constrain CO2 fluxes in this season and over an annual cycle.

46 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the driving forces of these different rodent population dynamics and highlight ten questions directly related to the various characteristics of relevant populations and ecosystems that still need to be answered.
Abstract: Most small rodent populations in the world have fascinating population dynamics. In the northern hemisphere, voles and lemmings tend to show population cycles with regular fluctuations in numbers. In the southern hemisphere, small rodents tend to have large amplitude outbreaks with less regular intervals. In the light of vast research and debate over almost a century, we here discuss the driving forces of these different rodent population dynamics. We highlight ten questions directly related to the various characteristics of relevant populations and ecosystems that still need to be answered. This overview is not intended as a complete list of questions but rather focuses on the most important issues that are essential for understanding the generality of small rodent population dynamics.

46 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is found that gregarious birds reacted to a potential predator earlier (longer FID) when aggregated in large flocks, suggesting that sociality may be a key factor in the evolution of antipredator behavior both in urban and rural areas.
Abstract: Flight initiation distance (FID), the distance at which individuals take flight when approached by a potential (human) predator, is a tool for understanding predator-prey interactions. Among the factors affecting FID, tests of effects of group size (i.e., number of potential prey) on FID have yielded contrasting results. Group size or flock size could either affect FID negatively (i.e., the dilution effect caused by the presence of many individuals) or positively (i.e., increased vigilance due to more eyes scanning for predators). These effects may be associated with gregarious species, because such species should be better adapted to exploiting information from other individuals in the group than nongregarious species. Sociality may explain why earlier findings on group size versus FID have yielded different conclusions. Here, we analyzed how flock size affected bird FID in eight European countries. A phylogenetic generalized least square regression model was used to investigate changes in escape behavior of bird species in relation to number of individuals in the flock, starting distance, diet, latitude, and type of habitat. Flock size of different bird species influenced how species responded to perceived threats. We found that gregarious birds reacted to a potential predator earlier (longer FID) when aggregated in large flocks. These results support a higher vigilance arising from many eyes scanning in birds, suggesting that sociality may be a key factor in the evolution of antipredator behavior both in urban and rural areas. Finally, future studies comparing FID must pay explicit attention to the number of individuals in flocks of gregarious species.

45 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a circumpolar research plan that addresses the sustainability of human reindeer/caribou systems, focusing on six themes: hunting systems, herding systems, rengeland/habitat protection, minimizing industrial impacts, maintaining the strength of indigenous cultures, and responding to global change.
Abstract: Reindeer/caribou (Rangifer tarandus) constitute a biological resource of vital importance to the physical and cultural survival of Arctic residents since time immemorial. Recent and possible future economic, social and ecological changes raise concern for sustainability of these resources and the well-being of those who depend on them. In February 1999 eighty scientists, reindeer/caribou users and resource managers gathered in Rovaniemi, Finland, for an interdisciplinary workshop to develop a circumpolar research plan that addressed the sustainability of humanreindeer/caribou systems. Small working groups addressed six themes: hunting systems, herding systems, rengeland/habitat protection, minimizing industrial impacts, maintaining the strength of indigenous cultures, and responding to global change. The resulting Research Plan cells for interdisciplinary comparative studies, advancement of tools for assessing cumulative effects, implementation of regional and a circumpolar monitoring and assessment programmes, and cultural studies on the transmission of knowledge. Cross-cutting directives for future research include:• improving humans’ability to anticipate and respond to change;• understanding better the dynamics of human-reindeer/caribou systems;• developing research methods that are both more instructive and less intrusive;• facilitating open communication among groups with interests in reindeer/caribou resources;• organizing researchers into a strong, coordinated network;• re-framing the conventional research paradigm to be more inclusive of differing cultural perspectives.Three follow-up initiatives are proposed: 1) development of a web-based resource on the human role in reindeer/caribou systems (www.rangifer.net); establishment of a Profile of Herds database to support comparative research; and 3) convening of working groups to address specific problems identified by workshop participants.

45 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Testing how well reserve selection based on the amount and quality of decaying wood results in a representation of four ecologically different taxa indicated that the use of decaying Wood as an indicator in site selection was more cost-efficient than using information from large-scale species inventories.
Abstract: Decaying wood is one of the most important elements for species richness in boreal forests. We tested how well reserve selection based on the amount and quality of decaying wood results in a representation of four ecologically different taxa (beetles, birds, wood-inhabiting fungi, and vascular plants). We also compared the cost-efficiency of the use of dead-wood indicators with comprehensive species inventory. Our database included 32 seminatural old-forest stands located in northern Finland. Decaying wood was a relatively good indicator of saproxylic species but not overall species richness. Even though dead wood did not reflect accurately overall species richness, our results indicated that the use of decaying wood as an indicator in site selection was more cost-efficient than using information from large-scale species inventories. Thus, decaying wood is a valuable surrogate for species richness, but other cost-efficient indicators that reflect the requirements of those species which are not dependent on decaying wood should be identified.

45 citations


Authors

Showing all 710 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Hong Li10377942675
John C. Moore7638925542
Jeffrey M. Welker5717918135
Bruce C. Forbes431307984
Mats A. Granskog411415023
Manfred A. Lange38924256
Liisa Tyrväinen371126649
Samuli Helama351564008
Aslak Grinsted34899653
Jukka Jokimäki31934175
Sari Stark29582559
Elina Lahelma27862217
Jonna Häkkilä25972185
Rupert Gladstone23512320
Justus J. Randolph23662160
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202318
202261
2021158
2020157
2019172
2018128