University of Lapland

About: University of Lapland is a education organization based out in Rovaniemi, Finland. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Arctic & Indigenous. The organization has 665 authors who have published 1870 publications receiving 39129 citations. The organization is also known as: University of Rovaniemi & Lapin yliopisto.

Coopetition, Resource-Based View and Legend: Cases of Christmas Tourism and City of Rovaniemi

Abstract: Coopetition is a promising and challenging perspective to understand cooperation between competing individuals, firms, organizations and networks. In the literature, coopetition phenomenon has been connected with strategic alliances, territorial development work, resource-based view and several forms and branches of business, marketing and tourism among others. We consider these perspectives and introduce their practical connections using one specific forms of leisure tourism, namely Christmas tourism. This study contributes, in addition to revealing these connections with coopetition, also emphasizing the joint importance of territorial brand, tourism and international legend and events in the context of coopetition. This case study research shows the power and applicability of coopetition perspective in business studies.

Distributed Denial-of-Service Attacks under Public International Law: State Responsibility in Cyberwar

Abstract: Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDOS) Attacks are a major weapon of cyberwarfare and are now also used during or before major political and military conflicts, such as the 2008 Russo-Georgian War, the Russian- Estonian political tensions as well as in the Middle East conflict. International Law is based on consensus and therefore naturally slow to react to new developments including this new tool of warfare. The same is true of many states. This raises the question of how to qualify DDoS Attacks under the existing rules of Public International Law. After investigating the legal nature of DDoS Attacks, the question needs to be asked which rules cover such attacks and who can be held responsible for DDoS Attacks, in particular such attacks which are conducted by (potentially paid and/or foreign) hackers on behalf of states.

Intimate Partner Acceptance, Parental Acceptance, Behavioral Control, and Psychological Adjustment Among Finnish Adults in Ongoing Attachment Relationships

Abstract: This study explored gender differences in relations among perceived parental (maternal and paternal) acceptance and behavioral control, perceived partner acceptance and behavioral control, and psychological adjustment in 166 university students in Finland. Results showed significant positive correlations between men's and women's psychological adjustment and perceived partner acceptance as well as remembrances of both maternal and paternal acceptance in childhood. The single exception to this conclusion was the nonsignificant correlation between psychological adjustment and men's perceptions of their intimate partners' acceptance. In addition, neither partners' nor parents' behavioral control was significantly correlated with the psychological adjustment of either men or women. Accordingly, behavioral control was dropped from further analyses. Multiple regression analyses showed that only remembrances of fathers' acceptance in childhood were associated significantly with men's psychological adjustment. Fo...

Observational evidence for volcanic impact on sea level and the global water cycle

Abstract: It has previously been noted that there are drops in global sea level (GSL) after some major volcanic eruptions. However, observational evidence has not been convincing because there is substantial variability in the global sea level record over periods similar to those at which we expect volcanoes to have an impact. To quantify the impact of volcanic eruptions we average monthly GSL data from 830 tide gauge records around five major volcanic eruptions. Surprisingly, we find that the initial response to a volcanic eruption is a significant rise in sea level of 9 ± 3 mm in the first year after the eruption. This rise is followed by a drop of 7 ± 3 mm in the period 2–3 years after the eruption relative to preeruption sea level. These results are statistically robust and no particular volcanic eruption or ocean region dominates the signature we find. Neither the drop nor especially the rise in GSL can be explained by models of lower oceanic heat content. We suggest that the mechanism is a transient disturbance of the water cycle with a delayed response of land river runoff relative to ocean evaporation and global precipitation that affects global sea level. The volcanic impact on the water cycle and sea levels is comparable in magnitude to that of a large El Nino–La Nina cycle, amounting to ≈5% of global land precipitation.