Showing papers by "University of Lausanne published in 1978"
187 citations
TL;DR: The Skin as a Drug-Metabolizing Organ as mentioned in this paper was a seminal work in the field of drug metabolism. But it focused on the skin as a drug-metabolizing organ.
Abstract: (1978). The Skin as a Drug-Metabolizing Organ. Drug Metabolism Reviews: Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 319-343.
167 citations
TL;DR: It is proposed that the answer to the title's question is yes and the corresponding barrelfield (in the contralateral somatosensory cortex) contains an extra barrel in a topologically equivalent place and vice versa.
109 citations
TL;DR: Small HRP injections were made in the medial (MEC) and lateral entorhinal cortex (LEC) of rat and mouse and produced bilateral labeling of cells in layers II and III of the presubiculum as well as in the ipsi- and contralateral parasUBiculum.
101 citations
TL;DR: Changes in the size of LGN neurons following monocular deprivation and reverse-suture correlated closely with changes in the relative width of ocular dominance columns in layer IVc of area 17 of the visual cortex, measured physiologically in the same animals.
79 citations
TL;DR: The paths used by ectopic fibres to travel in the spinal cord, their possible termination in the hindbrain, and their ability to reach the optic tectum are reported on.
Abstract: THE transplantation of embryonic eyes in Amphibia is a long established approach for testing the ability of nerve fibres to grow through unusual regions of the central nervous system1,2. As the behaviour of growing ectopic fibres may disclose the mechanisms of axonal guidance3–7, this approach has recently attracted new interest8–12. We are studying the behaviour of optic fibres entering the spinal cord from a heterotopic eye grafted on to the dorsal trunk region of Xenopus embryos10,11. Here we report on the paths used by ectopic fibres to travel in the spinal cord, their possible termination in the hindbrain, and their ability to reach the optic tectum.
74 citations
TL;DR: The results confirm that repeated CEA assays can predict tumor recurrence with a lead time of several months over clinical diagnosis, but give a word of warning concerning the interpretation of moderate elevations of CEA level.
Abstract: One of the major practical applications of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) assay is the monitoring of colorectal carcinoma patients after complete tumor resection During the last 5 years, we have followed by repeated CEA assays 66 patients with histologically confirmed colon or rectum adenocarcinoma Among 19 patients who developed a tumor recurrence, 17 had increased CEA levels preceding the clinical diagnosis by 2 to 26 months Among the 47 patients who did not show any clinical evidence of tumor recurrence, 35 had CEA values remaining below the limit of 5 ng/ml, whereas 12 had moderate elevations of CEA level fluctuating around this limit The majority of patients in this last group were heavy smokers or had liver enlargement, but in a few of them we did not find a satisfactory explanation for their moderately increased CEA levels While our results confirm that repeated CEA assays can predict tumor recurrence with a lead time of several months over clinical diagnosis, they also give a word of warning concerning the interpretation of moderate elevations of CEA level A moderate increase of CEA level can be the result of early distant metastases, local recurrence or exacerbation of an inflammatory disease We feel that the decision of second look operations based on CEA results should be made only if increasing CEA values have been observed on three different blood samples taken within a period of 3 months and if no nonmalignant diseases known to increase CEA level are present Ultimately only randomized clinical studies will determine if second look operations motivated by elevated CEA levels can improve the quality and length of survival of patients with colorectal carcinoma
67 citations
TL;DR: The elastic constants of bcc Nb-Zr alloys are measured over a composition range between 100 and 30 at.% of Nb and temperatures between zero and the melting point, using a new technique for the high-temperature measurements as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The elastic constants of bcc Nb-Zr alloys are measured over a composition range between 100 and 30 at.% of Nb and temperatures between zero and the melting point, using a new technique for the high-temperature measurements. Anomalous behavior is found for ${C}_{44}$. The anomaly is a band-structure effect which is corroborated by theoretical calculations using electron-lattice coupling constants derived from a tight-binding parametrization scheme. The calculation is of a type similar to phonon dispersion ones, having the further complication of temperature effects which have convergence difficulties and need a special interpolation method.
67 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the 13C and 17O-chemical shifts of 31 aliphatic ethers are measured and discussed, and the origin of the correlation is discussed taking into account the conformational modifications resulting from introduction of an oxygen atom in an alkyl chain.
Abstract: The 13C- and 17O-chemical shifts of 31 aliphatic ethers are measured and discussed. The 17O-chemical shifts of the ethers ROR′ correlate with chemical shifts for the methylene groups of the corresponding alkanes RCH2R′. The constant of proportionality can be related to the orbital expansion term 〈r−3〉2p. The δc for carbon atoms can also be correlated with δc for the corresponding alkanes. The origin of the correlation is discussed taking into account the conformational modifications resulting from introduction of an oxygen atom in an alkyl chain.
62 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the low frequency region of the spectra reflects the cubic structure of these compounds and the vibrational frequencies of the nitrato group are consistent with a bidentate nitrate of C2v symmetry.
Abstract: IR. and Raman spectra of LnONO3 (50–4,000 cm−1, LnLa, Gd, Eu, and Dy) are reported and discussed. The low frequency region of the spectra reflects the cubic structure of these compounds. The dimensions of the cubic unit cells determined by X-Ray powder diagrams are: 12.81 ± 0.05 A for EuONO3, 12.69 ± 0.05 A for GdONO3, and 12.67 ± 0.05 A for DyONO3. The vibrational frequencies of the nitrato group are consistent with a bidentate nitrate of C2v symmetry. The synthesis of anhydrous Ln (NO3)3 (LnLa, Gd, Eu, and Dy) by dehydration of the corresponding penta- or hexahydrates is described. The IR. and Raman spectra (50-4,000 cm−1) are analysed. Splitting of the bands point to a complex structure of these compounds. All six vibrational modes of the nitrato group are observed and the data are again consistent with bidentate NO−3 moieties. Finally, an analytical control of the purity of Ln (NO3)3 is suggested.
52 citations
TL;DR: A method using optical microfibers permitted localized exposure of the cap or the elongating part of growing maize (Zea mays L.) roots to white light and a strong and very rapid inhibition of the elongation rate of the roots was found.
Abstract: A method using optical microfibers permitted localized exposure of the cap or the elongating part of growing maize (Zea mays L.) roots to white light. When the cap was illuminated, a strong and very rapid inhibition of the elongation rate of the roots was found. When the light microbeam was directed at the elongating region, the roots continued to grow at the same rate as before the illumination.
TL;DR: In this article, the 1:1 and 4:3 complexes with 2 have been synthesized and characterized and all the isolated complexes are solvent free, and the spectroscopic properties (IR. and electronic spectra, fluorescence lifetimes) of the complexes and the low magnetic moments of the Ln(III) ions in the complexes with Ln = Ce-Eu are indicative of a strong interaction between the lanthanoid ions and the crown ethers 1 and 2.
Abstract: Complexes of lanthanoid trinitrates Ln(NO3)3 with 15-crown-5 ether 1 (Ln = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd) and with 18-crown-6 ether 2 (Ln = La, Ce, Pr, Nd) having a 1:1 stoichiometry as well as 4:3 complexes with 2 (Ln = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd) have been synthesized and characterized. All the isolated complexes are solvent free. At 170–220° the 1:1 complexes of 2 are quantitatively transformed into 4:3 complexes. X-Ray powder diagrams of the neodymium complexes with 2 indicate that both the 1:1 and 4:3 complexes are genuine compounds. All the 1:1 complexes show a characteristic IR. absorption band at 875–880 cm−1 absent from both the spectra of the free ligands and of the 4:3 complexes.
The spectroscopic properties (IR. and electronic spectra, fluorescence lifetimes) of the complexes and the low magnetic moments of the Ln(III) ions in the complexes with Ln = Ce-Eu are indicative of a strong interaction between the lanthanoid ions and the crown ethers 1 and 2.
TL;DR: Correlations established between the ultrastructure, the effect of various drugs and the electrophysiological activity permit the proposal of various hypothesis about the abnormal activity of the infected neurons.
TL;DR: In this article, a triazoloazine is formed by thermolysis of 5-azinyltetrazoles in the gas phase or in solution, and it can yield [1,2,3]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridine (9) and [1.5,c]pyrazine (13), respectively, at 400°/10−3 - 10−5 Torr.
Abstract: [1,2,3]Triazoloazines are formed by thermolysis of 5-azinyltetrazoles in the gasphase or in solution. Thus, 5-(2-pyridyl)tetrazole (7) and 5-(2-pyrazinyl)tetrazole (11) yield [1,2,3]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridine (9) and [1,2,3]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrazine (13), respectively, at 400°/10−3 - 10−5 Torr. 5-(2-Phenyl-4-quinazolinyl)tetrazole (15) gives 5-phenyl[1,2,3]triazolo[1,5-c]quinazoline (17) in 75% yield by heating under reflux in mesitylene solution. 2-(Diazomethyl)pyridine (8), a valence tautomer of 9, can be trapped by fumaronitrile, leading to 3-(2-pyridyl)-1, 2-cyclopropanedicarbonitrile (19). The [1,2,3]triazoloazines undergo base catalysed H/D-exchange in D2O solution.
TL;DR: In this paper, the photoreaction of 5,6-dimethylene-7-oxabicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene with Fe(CO)5 yields initially the dihapto-tetracarbonyl iron complex (3), which reacts further to give a diHaptotetricarbonyl tricarbionyl complex (C8H8O)Fe2(CO),7 (4), and the molecular structure of 4 has been determined by X-ray crystall
TL;DR: In this article, the Stone-Wohlfarth model is used to explain magnetochemical effects in paramagnetics, including anomalies of expansion, bulk modulus and shear constants.
TL;DR: These assays showed that the cap cells are the site of graviperception and indicated that endogenous growth inhibitors, produced (or released) in the cap, are involved in the geotropic response of roots.
TL;DR: EuSb2 is antiferromagnetic below TN = 26.2°K and weak anisotropy (Hanis. ≈ 6 kOe at 1.5°K) is deduced from high-field magnetization measurements as discussed by the authors.
TL;DR: It was concluded that clonidine primarily depresses water and food intake and may be a primary cerebral effect unmasked when tolerance develops to the (presumably) peripheral, anorectic effect.
TL;DR: The structure of (CH3)3NHCdCl3 has been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction at 174K as discussed by the authors, and phase changes around 342, 374, and 415 K have been detected by DTA and have been correlated with the dynamics of the organic groups via NMR measurements.
TL;DR: It seems that in the cervix and the endometrium there is no relationship between the production of secretory component and the presence of IgA plasmacytes which probably localise as a result of other influences.
Abstract: The synthesis of immunoglobulins and secretory component in the cervix and the endometrium was studied by tissue culture and immunofluorescence. Out of the 75 cervical biopsies studied, 17 were epidermoid carcinomas, 8 were carcinomas in situ and 23 tissues had inflammatory or metaplastic lesions. A total of 49 samples from endometrium were studied, out of which 22 were in the proliferative phase, 17 were in the secretory phase and 4 were carcinomas. In the cervical tissues without lesions, there were very few plasmacytes, the synthesis of immunoglobulins was low and in 66% of the tissues the synthesis of IgG was equal to or higher than that of IgA. With local modifications, the IgG synthesis was even more preponderant and was very important in epidermoid carcinomas which were infiltrated with numerous IgG plasmacytes. Secretory component was synthesized by almost all the tissues except the epidermoid carcinomas. The endometrium did not synthesize immunoglobulins; secretory component was synthesized only by endometrial tissue in the secretory phase and by 2 of the 4 carcinomas studied. It seems that in the cervix and the endometrium there is no relationship between the production of secretory component and the presence of IgA plasmacytes which probably localise as a result of other influences. The conditions in which the local secretory immunological system would react preferentially remain to be determined.
TL;DR: In this paper, the reaction of the Pt-C and/or Pt-H bonds of the hydridocyanoalkyl complexes cis-PtH[(CH 2 ) n CN]L 2 (n = 1, 3; L 2 = 2 PPh 3, Ph 2 PCHCHPPh 2 ) to reductive elimination induced by CO is described.
TL;DR: The pattern of cell wall segregation in a mutant of Bacillus subtilis, which has a markedly slower cell wall turnover, is investigated, to report a clear segregation of old and new wall, indicating localised insertion of material.
Abstract: THE geometry of the growth of the bacterial cell surface has been studied by following the segregation of differentially labelled old and new areas of the envelope1–10. Results obtained with rod-shaped bacteria led to apparently contradictory interpretations5. The incorporation of labelled precursors into the cell wall of Gram-positive bacilli has failed to reveal segregation and favours random insertion of new wall material8,9 However, dispersion of surface components after incorporation could mask a localised pattern of insertion5,10,11. To try to distinguish between the two possible modes of insertion we have investigated the pattern of cell wall segregation in a mutant of Bacillus subtilis, which has a markedly slower cell wall turnover, so that it is possible to follow for much longer than with strains having normal, faster cell wall turnover12. We report here a clear segregation of old and new wall, indicating localised insertion of material.
TL;DR: In this article, the reaction of the K-meson conspiracy and the exchange of the k*K** degenerate trajectory associated with a Regge cut was studied in a bubble chamber experiment at eight incident momenta between 1.50 and 2.06 GeV/c.
Abstract: The reaction\(\bar pp \to \bar \Lambda \Lambda \) has been studied in a bubble chamber experiment at eight incident momenta between 1.50 and 2.06 GeV/c. The differential cross-section, the polarization and the spin correlation coefficients have been measured. They have been compared with the prediction of two theoretical models: the K-meson conspiracy and the exchange of the K*K** degenerate trajectory associated with a Regge cut. The latter model gives the best representation of the data.
TL;DR: The neurological symptoms with the Klinefelter syndrome should basically be regarded as coincidental findings not related to the chromosome abnormality, which is not greater than expected in the population of a mental hospital.
Abstract: Six patients with Klinefelter syndrome (47,XXY) and different neurological disease are described. Essential tremor has been reported repeatedly but its significance deserves further studies. The prevalence of epilepsy with the Klinefelter syndrome is higher in comparison with the normal poplation, but it is not greater than expected in the population of a mental hospital. Therefore we suggest that the neurological symptoms with the Klinefelter syndrome should basically be regarded as coincidental findings not related to the chromosome abnormality.
TL;DR: In this paper, the OH group in cyanohydrins was protected with EtOCH:CH2 to give RR1C(CN)OCHMeOEt, which were then reduced by NaAlH2(OCH2CH2OMe)2 to RR 1C(CHO), which were hydrolyzed with dil. acid to RR(OH)CHO (these compds. dimerize readily).
Abstract: The OH group in cyanohydrins RR1C(OH)CN [R = Me2CH, R1 = H; R = R1 = Me; RR1 = (CH2)4, (CH2)5] was protected with EtOCH:CH2 to give RR1C(CN)OCHMeOEt, which were then reduced by NaAlH2(OCH2CH2OMe)2 to RR1C(CHO)OCHMeOEt (I) (53-70%), which were hydrolyzed with dil. acid to RR1C(OH)CHO (these compds. dimerize readily). I reacted with Ph3P+MeBr- and BuLi to give RR1C(CH:CH)OCHMeOEt and with LiAlH4 to give RR1C(CH2OH)OCHMeOEt. Reaction of PhCH(CN)OCHMeOEt with PhMgBr, followed by hydrolysis gave benzoin, and redn. with LiAlH4 in the presence of BzCl gave PhCH(OH)CH2NHBz. [on SciFinder (R)]
TL;DR: Aus Diphenyl carbamoylazid (I) erhalt man bei der Thermolyse in siedendem Tetralin das Indazolon (II), in Phenylisocyanat (III) das entsprechende Addukt (IV), das auch aus (II) und Phenyl isocyanate (III), erhalten werden kann.
TL;DR: Differential effects suggest that an intact poly(A)(−)mRNA pathway is also an important factor in mediating the action of aldosterone, and 3′deoxycytidine, which inhibitsrRNA but notmRNA, does not impair the mineralocorticoid response, at least during the first 3 hr of a Aldosterone action.
Abstract: Recent data describing the effects of aldosterone on the induction of messenger RNA (=mRNA) and ribosomal RNA (=rRNA) are reviewed. In the urinary bladder of the toad, aldosterone induces a few specific polyadenylatedmRNAs (=poly(A)(+)mRNA) during the latent period, i.e., 30 to 60 min after hormone addition. Later, i.e., 90 to 240 min after aldosterone addition, 18S and 28S cytoplasmicrRNA subunits are also induced. The effect on poly(A)(+)mRNA is mineralocorticoid-specific and correlates well with the aldosterone-dependent Na+ transport. Actinomycin D which inhibits both poly(A)(+)mRNA and nonpolyadenylatedmRNA (=poly(A)(−)mRNA) totally abolishes the response to aldosterone on Na+ transport. 3′deoxyadenosine (cordycepin), which inhibits poly(A)(+)mRNA but not poly(A)(−)mRNA, only inhibits 50 to 60% of the physiological response. These differential effects suggest that an intact poly(A)(−)mRNA pathway is also an important factor in mediating the action of aldosterone. In contrast, 3′deoxycytidine, which inhibitsrRNA but notmRNA, does not impair the mineralocorticoid response, at least during the first 3 hr of aldosterone action.
TL;DR: Incubation of proenzyme Clr at 37°C in the absence of Ca 2+ results in proteolytic cleavage of the 100,000-dalton polypeptide chains into disulfide-linked subunits of 65,000 and 35,000 daltons respectively, resulting in a major fragment retaining enzymatic activity.