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Institution

University of Lausanne

EducationLausanne, Switzerland
About: University of Lausanne is a education organization based out in Lausanne, Switzerland. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 20508 authors who have published 46458 publications receiving 1996655 citations. The organization is also known as: Université de Lausanne & UNIL.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
01 Aug 1999-Gut
TL;DR: Results add further support to previous studies for the clinical utility of the Los Angeles system for endoscopic grading of oesophagitis and to the risk for symptom relapse off therapy over six months.
Abstract: Background—Endoscopic oesophageal changes are diagnostically helpful and identify patients exposed to the risk of dis- ease chronicity. However, there is a seri- ous lack of agreement about how to describe and classify the appearance of reflux oesophagitis Aims—To examine the reliability of crite- ria that describe the circumferential ex- tent of mucosal breaks and to evaluate the functional and clinical correlates of pa- tients with reflux disease whose oesoph- agitis was graded according to the Los Angeles system. Methods—Forty six endoscopists from diVerent countries used a detailed work- sheet to evaluate endoscopic video record- ings from 22 patients with the full range of severity of reflux oesophagitis. In separate studies, Los Angeles system gradings were correlated with 24 hour oesophageal pH monitoring (178 patients), and with clini- cal trials of omeprazole treatment (277 patients). Results—Evaluation of circumferential extent of oesophagitis by the criterion of whether mucosal breaks extended be- tween the tops of mucosal folds, gave acceptable agreement (mean Œ value 0.4) among observers. This approach is used in the Los Angeles system. An alternative approach of grouping the circumferential extent of mucosal breaks as occupying 0-25%, 26-50%, 51-75%, 76-99%, or 100% of the oesophageal circumference, gave unacceptably high interobserver variation (mean Œ values 0-0.15) for all but the low- est category of extent (mean Œ value 0.4). Severity of oesophageal acid exposure was significantly (p<0.001) related to the se- verity grade of oesophagitis. Preteatment oesophagitis grades A-C were related to heartburn severity (p<0.01), outcomes of omeprazole (10 mg daily) treatment (p<0.01),and the risk for symptom relapse oV therapy over six months (p<0.05). Conclusions—Results add further support to previous studies for the clinical utility of the Los Angeles system for endoscopic grading of oesophagitis. (Gut 1999;45:172-180)

1,994 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
31 Jul 2009-Science
TL;DR: It is shown that bona fide undifferentiated monocytes reside in the spleen and outnumber their equivalents in circulation and identifies splenic monocytes as a resource that the body exploits to regulate inflammation.
Abstract: A current paradigm states that monocytes circulate freely and patrol blood vessels but differentiate irreversibly into dendritic cells (DCs) or macrophages upon tissue entry. Here we show that bona fide undifferentiated monocytes reside in the spleen and outnumber their equivalents in circulation. The reservoir monocytes assemble in clusters in the cords of the subcapsular red pulp and are distinct from macrophages and DCs. In response to ischemic myocardial injury, splenic monocytes increase their motility, exit the spleen en masse, accumulate in injured tissue, and participate in wound healing. These observations uncover a role for the spleen as a site for storage and rapid deployment of monocytes and identify splenic monocytes as a resource that the body exploits to regulate inflammation.

1,946 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
03 Feb 1994-Nature
TL;DR: The ion-selective permeability, the gating properties and the pharmacological profile of the channel formed by coexpressing the three subunits in oocytes are similar to that of the native channel.
Abstract: The amiloride-sensitive epithelial sodium channel constitutes the rate-limiting step for sodium reabsorption in epithelial cells that line the distal part of the renal tubule, the distal colon, the duct of several exocrine glands, and the lung. The activity of this channel is upregulated by vasopressin and aldosterone, hormones involved in the maintenance of sodium balance, blood volume and blood pressure. We have identified the primary structure of the alpha-subunit of the rat epithelial sodium channel by expression cloning in Xenopus laevis oocytes. An identical subunit has recently been reported. Here we identify two other subunits (beta and gamma) by functional complementation of the alpha-subunit of the rat epithelial Na+ channel. The ion-selective permeability, the gating properties and the pharmacological profile of the channel formed by coexpressing the three subunits in oocytes are similar to that of the native channel.

1,935 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review presents a critical analysis of covalently and ionically crosslinked chitosan hydrogels and related networks for medical or pharmaceutical applications and discusses with reference to the specific chemical interactions, which dictate gel formation.

1,930 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a broad suite of algorithms with independent presence-absence data from multiple species and regions were evaluated for 46 species (from six different regions of the world) at three sample sizes (100, 30 and 10 records).
Abstract: A wide range of modelling algorithms is used by ecologists, conservation practitioners, and others to predict species ranges from point locality data. Unfortunately, the amount of data available is limited for many taxa and regions, making it essential to quantify the sensitivity of these algorithms to sample size. This is the first study to address this need by rigorously evaluating a broad suite of algorithms with independent presence‐absence data from multiple species and regions. We evaluated predictions from 12 algorithms for 46 species (from six different regions of the world) at three sample sizes (100, 30, and 10 records). We used data from natural history collections to run the models, and evaluated the quality of model predictions with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). With decreasing sample size, model accuracy decreased and variability increased across species and between models. Novel modelling methods that incorporate both interactions between predictor variables and complex response shapes (i.e. GBM, MARS-INT, BRUTO) performed better than most methods at large sample sizes but not at the smallest sample sizes. Other algorithms were much less sensitive to sample size, including an algorithm based on maximum entropy (MAXENT) that had among the best predictive power across all sample sizes. Relative to other algorithms, a distance metric algorithm (DOMAIN) and a genetic algorithm (OM-GARP) had intermediate performance at the largest sample size and among the best performance at the lowest sample size. No algorithm predicted consistently well with small sample size ( n < 30) and this should encourage highly conservative use of predictions based on small sample size and restrict their use to exploratory modelling.

1,906 citations


Authors

Showing all 20911 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Peer Bork206697245427
Aaron R. Folsom1811118134044
Kari Alitalo174817114231
Ralph A. DeFronzo160759132993
Johan Auwerx15865395779
Silvia Franceschi1551340112504
Matthias Egger152901184176
Bart Staels15282486638
Fernando Rivadeneira14662886582
Christopher George Tully1421843111669
Richard S. J. Frackowiak142309100726
Peter Timothy Cox140126795584
Jürg Tschopp14032886900
Stylianos E. Antonarakis13874693605
Michael Weller134110591874
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023249
2022635
20213,969
20203,508
20193,091
20182,776