Showing papers by "University of Louisville published in 1975"
TL;DR: The biodegradability of seven different crude oils was found to be highly dependent on their composition and on incubation temperature, and some preference was shown for paraffin degradation, especially at low temperatures.
Abstract: The biodegradability of seven different crude oils was found to be highly dependent on their composition and on incubation temperature. At 20 C lighter oils had greater abiotic losses and were more susceptible to biodegradation than heavier oils. These light crude oils, however, possessed toxic volatile components which evaporated only slowly and inhibited microbial degradation of these oils at 10 C. No volatile toxic fraction was associated with the heavier oils tested. Rates of oil mineralization for the heavier oils were significantly lower at 20 C than for the lighter ones. Similar relative degradation rates were found with a mixed microbial community, using CO2 evolution as the measure, and with a Pseudomonas isolate from the Arctic, using O2 consumption as the measure. The paraffinic, aromatic, and asphaltic fractions were subject to biodegradation. Some preference was shown for paraffin degradation, especially at low temperatures. Branched paraffins, such as pristane, were degraded at both 10 and 20 C. At best, a 20% residue still remained after 42 days of incubation. Oil residues generally had a lower relative percentage of paraffins and higher percentage of asphaltics than fresh or weathered oil.
185 citations
TL;DR: Significantly lower selenium values were observed in sera from cancer patients than from normal individuals, and higher values were generally observed in patients with primary neoplasms of the reticuloendothelial system.
Abstract: The levels of selenium in human sera and pancreatic, hepatic and synovial tissues were measured. An attempt was made to correlate the selenium level with certain disease states. Selenium was determined by nerutron activation analysis, using the 17.4 second half-life isotope 77mSe with a sensitivity of 2ppb. Serum-bound selenium was determined in normal individuals and individuals with various malignancies, and medical and surgical disorders. Tissue selenium was assayed in diseased and normal pancreases, livers, and synovial membranes. A wide variation was observed both in the serum selenium content of patients with a malignancy and in postmoren pancreatic and synovial showing histopathological changes. Significantly lower selenium values were observed in sera from cancer patients than from normal individuals. Higher values were generally observed in patients with primary neoplasms of the reticuloendothelial system. Higher tissue concentrations were obtained in synovia from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and in pancreatic tissues associated with histopathological changes.
109 citations
TL;DR: The technique is based on data collected from approximately 1000 CF-1 mice in order to establish the parameters and optimize the procedures and the advantages include the use of a naturally occurring aggressive behavior, the highly reliable occurrence of aggression, the ability to study animals exposed to either aggression or defeat, the clear and valid measures of aggression produced, the simple and sturdy apparatus, and the convenience and economy of data collection.
71 citations
TL;DR: Two patients with temporomandibular joint arthralgia and ankylosis were managed with arthroplasty and insertion of fascia lata.
61 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a method was described for extraction and chromatographic determination of S -adenosylmethionine (SAM) and S -adsylhomocysteine (SAH) from 1 g of tissue or less.
60 citations
46 citations
TL;DR: The cobalt iontophoresis technique has been extended for use in the tracing of nerve fiber pathways and the localization of neuron somata in vertebrates, with a wide range of applicability for neuroanatomical studies.
44 citations
TL;DR: The specificity and affinity of 3H-PGF2α binding is consistent with the possibility that this receptor interaction may reflect an initial event in the action of PGF2α as a luteolytic agent.
42 citations
TL;DR: In a retrospective study of 51 cases of systemic North American blastomycosis 11 patients were found to have genitourinary tract involvement, the prostate and epididymis being most commonly affected, and treatment with amphotericin B reduced the mortality rate.
42 citations
TL;DR: It is suggested that inhibition or catecholamine synthesis had a facilitatory effect on the brain mechanisms responsible for prolactin release in response to suckling.
Abstract: The effects of a catecholamine synthesis inhibitor, alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine (alpha-MT), on the accumulation of newly synthesized brain catecholamines and plasma prolactin concentration were studied in lactating rats. [3H]tyrosine was administered to rats 10 minutes before decapitation, and the rate of its incorporation into [3H]dopamine and [3H]norepinephrine was measured in whole brain. Injection of alpha-MT (3.15--12.50 mg/kg) via a carotid cannula increased plasma prolactin levels and decreased the accumulation of newly synthesized brain catecholamines in nonsuckled, lactating rats compared to rats injected with .9% saline solution. Mother rats pretreated with saline solution were suckled for 20 minutes by pups which previously were separated from the mother rats for 5 hours. This treatment resulted in significantly increased plasma prolactin levels compared to nonsuckled controls. In rats pretreated with alpha-MT for 20 minutes, suckling resulted in a further increase in plasma prolactin levels which was significantly greater than the increase caused by suckling or alpha-MT alone. These results suggest that inhibition or catecholamine synthesis had a facilitatory effect on the brain mechanisms responsible for prolactin release in response to suckling.
30 citations
TL;DR: It is shown that the metals associated with native con A, Mn2+ and Ca2+, induce ultraviolet difference spectra in the lectin and advantage is taken of these spectral changes to titrate con A with calcium.
TL;DR: In this article, the general stiffness matrix for a beam element is derived from the Bernoulli-Euler differential equation with the inclusion of axial forces, and the terms of this matrix are expanded into a power series as a function of the two variables: the axial force, and; the vibrating frequency.
Abstract: The general stiffness matrix for a beam element is derived from the Bernoulli–Euler differential equation with the inclusion of axial forces. The terms of this matrix are expanded into a power series as a function of the two variables: the axial force, and; the vibrating frequency. It is shown that the first three terms of the resulting series, which are derived in the technical literature from assumed static displacement functions, correspond respectively to the elastic stiffness matrix, the consistent mass matrix, and the geometric matrix. Higher order terms up to the second order terms of the series expansion are obtained explicitly. Also a discussion is presented for establishing the region of convergence of the series expansion for the dynamic stiffness matrix, the stability matrix, and the general stiffness matrix.
TL;DR: Scatchard analysis of the data revealed that inhibition and enhancement of [125I]HCG binding in the presence of CTP were due to lowered affinity of gonadotropin receptors (32-37) fold and to exposure of new low-affinity binding sites for [ 125I] HCG, respectively.
TL;DR: A protocol for systematic testing of all employees of a chemical plant found 2 additional cases of angiosarcoma and 11 cases of portal fibrosis, two of the 11 cases were found to have developed in employees other than polyvinyl chloride production workers.
Abstract: A protocol for systematic testing of all employees of a chemical plant is presented This factory manufactures polyvinyl chloride compounds and resins, ABS compounds and resins, and synthetic rubber The results were reviewed, which led to the discovery of 2 additional cases of angiosarcoma and 11 cases of portal fibrosis Two of the 11 cases were found to have developed in employees other than polyvinyl chloride production workers
TL;DR: It is concluded that tolerance development to nicotine activation is reflected not only in behavior, but also in the EEG.
Abstract: To determine if repeated daily doses of nicotine induces tolerance to both its EEG and behavioral activating effects, rats implanted with sets of bipolar cortical elecrodes and carotid cannulae received intracarotid injections of either (1) 6 daily doses of nicotine (as tartrate, 30 mug/kg) (Group 1) or (2) 3 daily doses of saline followed by 4 days of nicotine (Group 2). From an exercise-induced resting state, nicotine produced immediate EEG and behavioral arousal, both of which disappeared in Group 1 by Day 6. Saline administered to Group 2 rats produced little or no response but subsequent nicotine resulted in responses similar to those produced by Group 1 animals. It is concluded that tolerance development to nicotine activation is reflected not only in behavior, but also in the EEG.
TL;DR: The quenching phenomenon is assumed to be mainly due to radiationless transfer from protein to the near uv absorption band of steroids containing the Δ4-3-keto chromophore.
TL;DR: A therapy was designed to alter the arousal eliciting stimuli for nine male homosexuals by classical conditioning techniques to alter their sexual arousal and penile erection.
TL;DR: During the period of cataleptoid behavior at 20 minutes after injection, the flows of blood to dorsal hippocampus, hypothalamus, cerebellum and basal ganglia were reduced significantly, whereas perfusion of cortical areas was unaffected, believed to reflect acute functional responses to Δ9THC.
TL;DR: The purpose of this paper is to review the advances that have been made and to speculate how this new knowledge may lead to a better understanding of the biochemical substrates of depression and in doing so facilitate the development of new and different drugs for the treatment of this common disease.
Abstract: During the past two decades several new classes of drugs were discovered that proved of value in the treatment of depression. Although these discoveries were made fortuitously by clinical observers, they greatly stimulated both laboratory and clinical research and added importantly to our knowledge of the etiology, pathogenesis, and treatment of depression. The purpose of this paper is to review the advances that have been made and to speculate how this new knowledge may lead to a better understanding of the biochemical substrates of depression and in doing so facilitate the development of new and different drugs for the treatment of this common disease.
TL;DR: Poekilostrongylus puertoricensis gen.nov.
Abstract: Poekilostrongylus puertoricensis gen.nov., sp.nov. is proposed for nematodes recovered from Eleutherodactylus coqui, in Puerto Rico. The new genus is similar to Oswaldocruzia Travassos, 1917, but lacks longitudinal ridges on the cuticle. Oswaldocruzia lenteixierai Viqueras, 1938, is partially redescribed, and a key to the genera of the Oswaldocruziinae is given. Thelandros (Parathelandros) garciai sp.nov. is described from E. antillensis and E. portoricensis. Strongyloides sp. was found in E. antillensis and Aplectana spp. (females) were recovered from E. locustus, E. richmondi and E. coqui.
TL;DR: The change in orientation of triads from predominantly longitudinal to predominantly transverse is complete in the 18‐week monkey fetus and incomplete in the latest stage (28‐week) of fetal development observed in humans.
Abstract: Examinations of stages of fibril development in muscle fibers of seven Rhesus monkey and six human fetuses reveal SR tubules encircling the Z lines at all stages of fibril development. The encircling SR tubules are continuous with the SR network of tubules which is found surrounding fibrils at all stages of development observed. The SR tubules encircling the Z lines show connections (electron-opaque strands) with the Z lines. The developing triadic junction shows a progressive increase in complexity of structures within the junction. First, membranes of T and SR become apposed with no visible structure between them- Second, tenuous connections are found traversing the space between apposed membranes. Third, well developed bridges are seen traversing the space. And finally, an intermediate density midway between the apposed membranes and parallel to them is found in favorable sections. Junctions between T tubule membranes were also observed and the structures in these junctions are somewhat similar to those found in junctions between T and SR membranes. The change in orientation of triads from predominantly longitudinal to predominantly transverse is complete in the 18-week monkey fetus and incomplete in the latest stage (28-week) of fetal development observed in humans.
TL;DR: Developed for EEG analysis, PARIH is suitable for similar analog signals and determines the distribution of half-wave durations for specifiable portions of each of two simultaneously-inputed analog signals.
Abstract: PARTH: PERIOD ANALYSIS OF THE ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM WITH RECORDING OF INTERVAL HISTOGRAMS OF EEG HALF-WAVE DURATIONS
DEC PDP-8/I or /L (4K) [PAL-8]
Date Submitted: September 20, 1974.
Acronym: PARIH.
Machine Sensible Materials: Paper tape.
Documentation: Program description, operating manual, and annotated listing.
Authors: F. H. Sharp, G. W. Smith, W. W. Surwillo.
Submitted by: W. W. Surwillo.
Submitter's Affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 608 South Jackson Street, Louisville, Kentucky 40201.
PARIH determines the distribution of half-wave durations for specifiable portions of each of two simultaneously-inputed analog signals. Peaks and troughs in the signal define half-wave boundaries. Half-waves of less than a user-waves. Output is presented via a teletypewriter in the form of an interval histogram. The program operates on-line. Developed for EEG analysis, PARIH is suitable for similar analog signals.
Minimum Hardware: DEC PDP-8/I or /L with 4K core, teleypewriter, and DEC, AX08 laboratory peripheral.
TL;DR: Information from 50 infants with neonatal septicemia from the Louisville General Hospital during an eight-year period (1964-1972) is presented, finding early diagnosis, prompt intensive antibacterial therapy, and a high index of suspicion are most helpful for reducing the morbidity and mortal ity.
Abstract: Information from 50 infants with neonatal septicemia from the Louisville General Hospital during an eight-year period (1964-1972) is presented. Twenty-five infants had gram-positive and the other 25 had gram-negative organisms. E. coli (13 cases), Staphylococcus (10 cases), and hemolytic Streptococcus non-Group A (7 cases) were the most common causative microorganisms. Only one of the 25 infants with gram-positive sepsis died; three with gram-negative sepsis died. Listeria monocytogenes was demonstrated in three infants; all had meningitis with no mortality. Early diagnosis, prompt intensive antibacterial therapy, and a high index of suspicion are most helpful for reducing the morbidity and mortal ity.
TL;DR: Multiple inhibition studies show that phosphate, sulfate, and acetate as inhibitors of pyridoxal-P binding are all competing for the same site, which appears to bind divalent anions tighter than monovalent anions and is sterically hindered for binding long chain carboxylic acids and phenylphosphate.
TL;DR: Of 111 patients with untreated persistent dysplasia of the cervix, followed longer than 5 yr, 17 progressed to carcinoma in situ , one to in situ carcinoma with questionable invasion, and one to microinvasive carcinoma (17% progression).
TL;DR: In this paper, the identification of brief tonal stimuli was unaffected by subsequent presentation of white noise, but subsequent pure tones, whether central to the stimulus frequencies or remote from them, caused substantial declines in correct identification.
Abstract: In a first experiment, the identification of brief tonal stimuli was unaffected by subsequent presentation of white noise. However, subsequent pure tones, whether central to the stimulus frequencies or remote from them, caused substantial declines in correct identification. Apparent backward masking seems therefore to follow rather than to precede some degree of categorization of the masking stimulus. A second experiment shows that even these effects are temporary. Early masking effects are heavily modified by practice, and are not therefore permanent features of sensory processing. Neither experiment provides support for preperceptual theory.
TL;DR: A high rate of concordance was found for MZ twins at every age in spite of the general change toward darker colours with age, indicating a strong genetic influence in the timing of eye colour changes.
Abstract: SummaryEye colour was assessed routinely from 3 months to 6 years for children participating in a longitudinal study of twins. There were 169 female twin pairs, 161 male pairs, and 60 opposite-sex pairs. Age trends, established by sampling only one member of every pair, showed a marked decrease in lighter colours and a corresponding increase in darker colours with age. The eye colour of females was more represented by darker shades, and was more likely to be changing rather than remaining stable with age. Within-pair concordance rates were calculated for same-sex pairs whose zygosity had been determined independently through bloodtyping. A high rate of concordance was found for MZ twins at every age in spite of the general change toward darker colours with age, indicating a strong genetic influence in the timing of eye colour changes. In contrast, the rate of concordance for DZ twins decreased regularly so that, by 6 years, only about 50 per cent of fraternal pairs were concordant for eye colour. Results ...
TL;DR: The caddisfly community of the Salt River, Spencer Co., Ky., was studied using timed light trap collections of 20 min, 1 h, and 9 h duration, from March to November of 1971, indicating that females predominate.
Abstract: The caddisfly community of the Salt River, Spencer Co., Ky., was studied using timed light trap collections of 20 min, 1 h, and 9 h duration, from March to November of 1971. Hydroptilids comprised 42.5% of the total catch that contained 56 species; only 1 limnephilid was among 87,000 adults collected at light. Community organization was measured using Brillouin's formula for diversity, theoretical maximum and minimum diversity, and redundancy. Whittaker's equitability and Simpson's index were also determined. Diversity in 1-h samples ranged from 2.5–3.0 from early June until October. In successive 20-min samples, a chronological progression of higher diversity values mirrored the flight activity of the individual species. Flight activity of Athripsodes, Cheumatopsyche , and Hydroptila spp. showed a unimodal pattern with female activity preceding male. Sex ratio analysis by arithmetic and geometric means indicated that females predominate.
TL;DR: Calculated retinal and olfactory surface areas of the Mexican fruit-batArtibeus jamaicensis and the little brown batMyotis lucifugus suggest that vision and Olfaction both may diminish in relative importance as facility for orientation by echolocation increases.
Abstract: Calculated retinal and olfactory surface areas of the Mexican fruit-batArtibeus jamaicensis and the little brown batMyotis lucifugus, when compared with known eye sizes and echolocation capabilities, suggest that vision and olfaction both may diminish in relative importance as facility for orientation by echolocation increases.
TL;DR: No differences were found between families with autistic children and those with normal children, but families with disturbed children were found to have less agreement between father and mother than did autistic or normal families.
Abstract: Six families with autistic children were compared with six families with disturbed children and six with normal children by means of a family interaction task. No differences were found between families with autistic children and those with normal children. Families with disturbed children were found to have less agreement between father and mother than did autistic or normal families.