Institution
University of Louisville
Education•Louisville, Kentucky, United States•
About: University of Louisville is a education organization based out in Louisville, Kentucky, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 24600 authors who have published 49248 publications receiving 1573346 citations. The organization is also known as: UofL.
Topics: Population, Poison control, Transplantation, Cancer, Stem cell
Papers published on a yearly basis
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TL;DR: It is demonstrated that three structurally different NOS inhibitors, given 24 hours after the PC ischemia, consistently abrogate late PC against myocardial stunning in conscious rabbits, indicating that this cardioprotective effect is mediated by the activity of NOS.
Abstract: Seventy-four conscious rabbits undergoing a sequence of six 4-minute coronary occlusion/4-minute reperfusion cycles for 3 consecutive days (days 1, 2, and 3) were assigned to nine groups. In group I (controls, n=8), the recovery of systolic wall thickening (WTh) after the sixth reperfusion was markedly improved on days 2 and 3 compared with day 1, indicating late preconditioning (PC) against myocardial stunning; the total deficit of WTh after the sixth reperfusion was reduced by 56% on day 2 and 50% on day 3 compared with day 1 (P<.01). Administration on day 2 of the nonselective NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor Nω-nitro-l-arginine (L-NA) (group II, n=8) or of the selective inducible NOS inhibitors aminoguanidine (AG) (group IV, n=8) and S-methylisothiourea sulfate (SMT) (group VI, n=6) completely abrogated late PC against stunning on day 2. On day 3, the expected PC effect became manifest in all groups. Administration of L-NA, AG, or SMT on day 1 (groups III [n=7], V [n=6], and VII [n=5], respectivel...
326 citations
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TL;DR: A significant shift in Bax localization from cytosol to cellular membranes in two human tumor cell lines exposed to staurosporine or etoposide is demonstrated and indicates that prevention of Bax translocation to the mitochondrial membrane represents a novel mechanism by which Bcl-2 inhibits drug-induced apoptosis.
Abstract: The pro-apoptotic protein, Bax, has been reported to translocate from cytosol to mitochondria following exposure of cells to apoptotic stresses including cytokine withdrawal and treatment with glucocorticoids and cytotoxic drugs. These observations, coupled with reports showing that Bax causes the release of mitochondrial cytochrome c, implicate Bax as a central mediator of the apoptotic process. In this report we demonstrate by subcellular fractionation a significant shift in Bax localization from cytosol to cellular membranes in two human tumor cell lines exposed to staurosporine or etoposide. Immunofluorescence studies confirmed that Bax specifically relocalized to the mitochondria. This redistribution of Bax occurred in concert with, or just prior to, proteolytic processing of procaspase-3, activation of DEVD-specific cleavage activity and degradation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase. However, Bax membrane translocation was independent of caspase activity as determined using the broad-range caspase inhibitor z-VAD-fmk. High level overexpression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 prevented Bax redistribution to the mitochondria, caspase activation and apoptosis following exposure to staurosporine or etoposide. These data confirm the role of Bax in mitochondrial cytochrome c release, and indicate that prevention of Bax translocation to the mitochondrial membrane represents a novel mechanism by which Bcl-2 inhibits drug-induced apoptosis.
326 citations
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University of Michigan1, University of Utah2, Johns Hopkins University3, University of Pennsylvania4, Wayne State University5, National Institutes of Health6, University of Toronto7, University of Southern California8, Children's National Medical Center9, Washington University in St. Louis10, University of Texas at Dallas11, Columbia University12, Boston Children's Hospital13, Duke University14, Children's Memorial Hospital15, University of Pittsburgh16, University of California, San Francisco17, Seattle Children's18, University of Rochester19, University of Louisville20, Medical College of Wisconsin21, University of California, Los Angeles22, University of California, Irvine23, University of Minnesota24, Children's of Alabama25, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center26, Nationwide Children's Hospital27, Loma Linda University28, University of Tennessee Health Science Center29, University of Texas at San Antonio30, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences31
TL;DR: In this paper, a trial of two targeted temperature interventions at 38 children's hospitals involving children who remained unconscious after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest was conducted, and the primary efficacy outcome, survival at 12 months after cardiac arrest with a Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, second edition (VABS-II), score of 70 or higher (on a scale from 20 to 160, with higher scores indicating better function), was evaluated among patients with at least 70 before cardiac arrest.
Abstract: BackgroundTherapeutic hypothermia is recommended for comatose adults after witnessed out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, but data about this intervention in children are limited. MethodsWe conducted this trial of two targeted temperature interventions at 38 children's hospitals involving children who remained unconscious after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Within 6 hours after the return of circulation, comatose patients who were older than 2 days and younger than 18 years of age were randomly assigned to therapeutic hypothermia (target temperature, 33.0°C) or therapeutic normothermia (target temperature, 36.8°C). The primary efficacy outcome, survival at 12 months after cardiac arrest with a Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, second edition (VABS-II), score of 70 or higher (on a scale from 20 to 160, with higher scores indicating better function), was evaluated among patients with a VABS-II score of at least 70 before cardiac arrest. ResultsA total of 295 patients underwent randomization. Among the 260 pat...
326 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the stability of meaning in life ratings over time and found that moderate stability was found for presence of mean- ing in life, search for meaning-in-life, and life satisfaction.
Abstract: Meaning in life and life satisfaction are both important variables in well-being research. Whereas an appreciable body of work suggests that life satisfaction is fairly stable over long periods of time, little research has investigated the stability of meaning in life ratings. In addition, it is unknown whether these highly correlated variables change independent of each other over time. Eighty-two participants (mean age = 19.3 years, SD 1.4; 76% female; 84% European-American) com- pleted measures of the presence of meaning in life, the search for meaning in life, and life satisfaction an average of 13 months apart (SD = 2.3 months). Moderate stability was found for presence of mean- ing in life, search for meaning in life, and life satisfaction. Multiple regressions demonstrated specificity in predicting change among these measures. Support for validity and reliability of these variables is discussed.
326 citations
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TL;DR: The estimated US burden of CAP is substantial, with >1.5 million unique adults being hospitalized annually, 100000 deaths occurring during hospitalization, and approximately 1 of 3 patients hospitalized with CAP dying within 1 year.
Abstract: Background Understanding the burden of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is critical to allocate resources for prevention, management, and research. The objectives of this study were to define incidence, epidemiology, and mortality of adult patients hospitalized with CAP in the city of Louisville, and to estimate burden of CAP in the US adult population. Methods This was a prospective population-based cohort study of adult residents in Louisville, Kentucky, from 1 June 2014 to 31 May 2016. Consecutive hospitalized patients with CAP were enrolled at all adult hospitals in Louisville. The annual population-based CAP incidence was calculated. Geospatial epidemiology was used to define ecological associations among CAP and income level, race, and age. Mortality was evaluated during hospitalization and at 30 days, 6 months, and 1 year after hospitalization. Results During the 2-year study, from a Louisville population of 587499 adults, 186384 hospitalizations occurred. A total of 7449 unique patients hospitalized with CAP were documented. The annual age-adjusted incidence was 649 patients hospitalized with CAP per 100000 adults (95% confidence interval, 628.2-669.8), corresponding to 1591825 annual adult CAP hospitalizations in the United States. Clusters of CAP cases were found in areas with low-income and black/African American populations. Mortality during hospitalization was 6.5%, corresponding to 102821 annual deaths in the United States. Mortality at 30 days, 6 months, and 1 year was 13.0%, 23.4%, and 30.6%, respectively. Conclusions The estimated US burden of CAP is substantial, with >1.5 million unique adults being hospitalized annually, 100000 deaths occurring during hospitalization, and approximately 1 of 3 patients hospitalized with CAP dying within 1 year.
326 citations
Authors
Showing all 24802 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Robert M. Califf | 196 | 1561 | 167961 |
Aaron R. Folsom | 181 | 1118 | 134044 |
Yang Gao | 168 | 2047 | 146301 |
Stephen J. O'Brien | 153 | 1062 | 93025 |
James J. Collins | 151 | 669 | 89476 |
Anthony E. Lang | 149 | 1028 | 95630 |
Sw. Banerjee | 146 | 1906 | 124364 |
Hermann Kolanoski | 145 | 1279 | 96152 |
Ferenc A. Jolesz | 143 | 631 | 66198 |
Daniel S. Berman | 141 | 1363 | 86136 |
Aaron T. Beck | 139 | 536 | 170816 |
Kevin J. Tracey | 138 | 561 | 82791 |
C. Dallapiccola | 136 | 1717 | 101947 |
Michael I. Posner | 134 | 414 | 104201 |
Alan Sher | 132 | 486 | 68128 |