Institution
University of Louisville
Education•Louisville, Kentucky, United States•
About: University of Louisville is a education organization based out in Louisville, Kentucky, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 24600 authors who have published 49248 publications receiving 1573346 citations. The organization is also known as: UofL.
Topics: Population, Poison control, Transplantation, Stem cell, Breast cancer
Papers published on a yearly basis
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TL;DR: Tear osmolarity is the best single metric both to diagnose and classify dry eye disease and intereye variability is a characteristic of dry eye not seen in normal subjects.
537 citations
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TL;DR: Only those compounds that can be clearly identified as having carbon dioxide bound to metal centers through carbon will be considered, and these compounds will not include metal formate complexes whose chemistry has been reviewed recently.
Abstract: The possibility of recycling CO{sub 2} from industrial emissions and of removing some of this greenhouse gas, an environmental pollutant, is receiving increased attention. Also, the possibility of using CO{sub 2} as the starting material for the synthesis of fine chemicals provides an attractive alternative to compounds presently derived from petroleum. Efforts to convert CO{sub 2} to useful chemicals will inevitably center on transition metal catalysts. Furthermore, efforts to enhance the yield of hydrogen in water gas shift reactions are also centered on carbon dioxide interactions with transition metal catalysts. For all these reasons, a broader understanding of the organometallic chemistry of CO{sub 2} is being sought. In this article, only those compounds that can be clearly identified as having carbon dioxide bound to metal centers through carbon will be considered. Thus the discussions will not include metal formate complexes whose chemistry has been reviewed recently. Also, the discussions will not include metallocarboxylic acids or metallocarboxylate esters except where these compounds have been used as reagents for the synthesis of CO{sub 2} complexes or result from reactions of these compounds. 111 refs.
536 citations
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University of Alabama at Birmingham1, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center2, Carolinas Medical Center3, Johns Hopkins University4, University of Pittsburgh5, University of California, Irvine6, University of Washington7, University of South Alabama8, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences9, University of Colorado Denver10, University of Rochester11, Medical University of South Carolina12, University of South Florida13, Washington University in St. Louis14, George Washington University15, University of Minnesota16, University of Mississippi17, State University of New York Upstate Medical University18, Louisiana State University19, Brown University20, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children21, University College London22, Stanford University23, Vanderbilt University24, University of Southern California25, Emory University26, St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust27, University of Nebraska Medical Center28, University of Louisville29
TL;DR: Treating symptomatic congenital CMV disease with valganciclovir for 6 months, as compared with 6 weeks, did not improve hearing in the short term but appeared to improve hearing and developmental outcomes modestly in the longer term.
Abstract: BackgroundThe treatment of symptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease with intravenous ganciclovir for 6 weeks has been shown to improve audiologic outcomes at 6 months, but the benefits wane over time. MethodsWe conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of valganciclovir therapy in neonates with symptomatic congenital CMV disease, comparing 6 months of therapy with 6 weeks of therapy. The primary end point was the change in hearing in the better ear (“best-ear” hearing) from baseline to 6 months. Secondary end points included the change in hearing from baseline to follow-up at 12 and 24 months and neurodevelopmental outcomes, with each end point adjusted for central nervous system involvement at baseline. ResultsA total of 96 neonates underwent randomization, of whom 86 had follow-up data at 6 months that could be evaluated. Best-ear hearing at 6 months was similar in the 6-month group and the 6-week group (2 and 3 participants, respectively, had improvement; 36 and 37 had no change; and...
536 citations
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TL;DR: Current management of opioid-induced bowel dysfunction among patients receiving opioid analgesics consists primarily of nonspecific ameliorative measures and recent clinical studies with alvimopan suggest that it may normalise bowel function without blocking opioid analgesia in abdominal laparotomy patients with opioid-related postoperative ileus.
Abstract: Opioid treatment for postoperative or chronic pain is frequently associated with adverse effects, the most common being dose-limiting and debilitating bowel dysfunction. Postoperative ileus, although attributable to surgical procedures, is often exacerbated by opioid use during and following surgery. Postoperative ileus is marked by increased inhibitory neural input, heightened inflammatory responses, decreased propulsive movements and increased fluid absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. The use of opioids for chronic pain is characterised by a constellation of symptoms including hard dry stools, straining, incomplete evacuation, bloating, abdominal distension and increased gastroesophageal reflux. The current management of opioid-induced bowel dysfunction among patients receiving opioid analgesics consists primarily of nonspecific ameliorative measures. Intensive investigations into the mode of action of opioids have characterised three opioid receptor classes -mu, delta and kappa- that mediate the myriad of peripheral and central actions of opioids. Activation of mu-opioid receptors in the gastrointestinal tract is responsible for inhibition of gut motility, whereas receptors in the central nervous system mediate the analgesic actions of opioids. Blocking peripheral opioid receptors in the gut is therefore a logical therapeutic target for managing opioid-induced bowel dysfunction. Available opioid antagonists such as naloxone are of limited use because they are readily absorbed, cross the blood-brain barrier, and act at central opioid receptors to reverse analgesia and elicit opioid withdrawal. Methylnaltrexone and alvimopan are recently developed opioid antagonists with activity that is restricted to peripheral receptors. Both have recently shown the ability to reverse opioid-induced bowel dysfunction without reversing analgesia or precipitating central nervous system withdrawal signs in non-surgical patients receiving opioids for chronic pain. In addition, recent clinical studies with alvimopan suggest that it may normalise bowel function without blocking opioid analgesia in abdominal laparotomy patients with opioid-related postoperative ileus.
534 citations
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TL;DR: It is demonstrated that two related PKC isozymes have both parallel and opposing effects in the heart, indicating the danger in the use of therapeutics with nonselective isozyme inhibitors and activators.
Abstract: Conflicting roles for protein kinase C (PKC) isozymes in cardiac disease have been reported. Here, deltaPKC-selective activator and inhibitor peptides were designed rationally, based on molecular modeling and structural homology analyses. Together with previously identified activator and inhibitor peptides of epsilonPKC, deltaPKC peptides were used to identify cardiac functions of these isozymes. In isolated cardiomyocytes, perfused hearts, and transgenic mice, deltaPKC and epsilonPKC had opposing actions on protection from ischemia-induced damage. Specifically, activation of epsilonPKC caused cardioprotection whereas activation of deltaPKC increased damage induced by ischemia in vitro and in vivo. In contrast, deltaPKC and epsilonPKC caused identical nonpathological cardiac hypertrophy; activation of either isozyme caused nonpathological hypertrophy of the heart. These results demonstrate that two related PKC isozymes have both parallel and opposing effects in the heart, indicating the danger in the use of therapeutics with nonselective isozyme inhibitors and activators. Moreover, reduction in cardiac damage caused by ischemia by perfusion of selective regulator peptides of PKC through the coronary arteries constitutes a major step toward developing a therapeutic agent for acute cardiac ischemia.
533 citations
Authors
Showing all 24802 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Robert M. Califf | 196 | 1561 | 167961 |
Aaron R. Folsom | 181 | 1118 | 134044 |
Yang Gao | 168 | 2047 | 146301 |
Stephen J. O'Brien | 153 | 1062 | 93025 |
James J. Collins | 151 | 669 | 89476 |
Anthony E. Lang | 149 | 1028 | 95630 |
Sw. Banerjee | 146 | 1906 | 124364 |
Hermann Kolanoski | 145 | 1279 | 96152 |
Ferenc A. Jolesz | 143 | 631 | 66198 |
Daniel S. Berman | 141 | 1363 | 86136 |
Aaron T. Beck | 139 | 536 | 170816 |
Kevin J. Tracey | 138 | 561 | 82791 |
C. Dallapiccola | 136 | 1717 | 101947 |
Michael I. Posner | 134 | 414 | 104201 |
Alan Sher | 132 | 486 | 68128 |