Showing papers by "University of Macau published in 2006"
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TL;DR: In this article, the SOEs of today have substantially transformed to approximate a configuration desired by the Chinese government when it began the SOE transformation a couple of decades ago to make them globally competitive.
Abstract: This paper raises the question and provides empirical evidence regarding the status of the evolution of the state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in China today. In this study, we compare the SOEs to domestic private-owned enterprises (POEs) and foreign-controlled businesses (FCBs) in the context of their organizational cultures. While a new ownership form, many of the POEs evolved from former collectives that reflect the traditional values of Chinese business. Conversely, the FCBs are much more indicative of the large global MNCs. Therefore, we look at the SOEs in the context of these two reference points. We conclude that the SOEs of today have substantially transformed to approximate a configuration desired by the Chinese government when it began the SOE transformation a couple of decades ago to make them globally competitive. The SOEs of today appear to be appropriately described as China's economic dynamic dynamo for the future. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
279 citations
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TL;DR: Quality control of C. sinensis and its products is very important to ensure their safety and efficacy, and markers and analytical methods for quality control were reviewed and discussed.
239 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, a compact double equilateral U-shaped defected ground structure (DGS) unit is proposed, which provides dual finite attenuation poles that can be independently controlled by the DGS lengths.
Abstract: A compact double equilateral U-shaped defected ground structure (DGS) unit is proposed. In contrast to a single finite attenuation pole characteristic offered by the conventional dumbbell DGS, the proposed DGS unit provides dual finite attenuation poles that can be independently controlled by the DGS lengths. A 2.4-GHz microstrip lowpass filter using five cascaded double U-shaped DGS units is designed and compared with conventional DGS lowpass filters. This low pass filter achieves a wide stopband with overall 30-dB attenuation up-to10 GHz and more than 42% size diminution.
179 citations
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TL;DR: C SP-1 with hypoglycemic properties increased circulating insulin level in diabetic animals, which suggests that CSP-1 may stimulate pancreatic release of insulin and/or reduce insulin metabolism.
174 citations
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TL;DR: A methodology is presented for Bayesian structural model updating using noisy incomplete modal data corresponding to natural frequencies and partial mode shapes of some of the modes of a structural system to find the most probable model within a specified class of structural models.
Abstract: A methodology is presented for Bayesian structural model updating using noisy incomplete modal data
corresponding to natural frequencies and partial mode shapes of some of the modes of a structural system.
The procedure can be used to find the most probable model within a specified class of structural models,
based on the incomplete modal data, as well as the most probable values of the system natural frequencies
and the full system mode shapes. The method does not require matching measured modes with
corresponding modes from the structural model, which is in contrast to many existing methods. To find the
most probable values of the structural model parameters and system modal parameters, the method uses an
iterative scheme involving a series of coupled linear optimization problems. Furthermore, it does not
require solving the eigenvalue problem of any structural model; instead, the eigenvalue equations appear in
the prior probability distribution to provide soft constraints. The method appears to be computationally
efficient and robust, judging from its successful application to noisy simulated data for a ten-storey
building model and for a three-dimensional braced-frame model. This latter example is also used to
demonstrate an application to structural health monitoring.
171 citations
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TL;DR: A new HPLC coupled with evaporative light scattering detection (ELSD) and pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) method was developed for the simultaneous quantitative determination of 11 major components of 2 saponins and 9 fatty acids in Suanzaoren and showed good reproducibility for the quantification.
165 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide empirical evidence in support of competing auctions theory using online auctions data from eBay, and show that a significant proportion of bidders do bid across competing auctions and that winning bidder tend to submit bids on auctions with the lowest standing bid, as the theory predicts.
153 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, a 3-DOF translational parallel manipulator with fixed actuators is proposed, and the mobility of the manipulator is analyzed via screw theory and the inverse kinematic, forward kinematics and velocity analysis are performed and the singular and isotropic configurations are identified afterward.
Abstract: A new three degrees of freedom (3-DOF) translational parallel manipulator (TPM) with fixed actuators called a 3-PRC TPM is proposed in this paper. The mobility of the manipulator is analyzed via screw theory. The inverse kinematics, forward kinematics, and velocity analysis are performed and the singular and isotropic configurations are identified afterward. Moreover, the mechanism design to eliminate all singularities and generate an isotropic manipulator has been presented. With the variation on architectural parameters, the reachable workspace of the manipulator is generated and compared. Especially, it is illustrated that the manipulator in principle possesses a uniform workspace with a constant hexagon shape cross section. Furthermore, the dexterity characteristics are investigated in the local and global sense, respectively, and some considerations for real machine design have been proposed as well. DOI: 10.1115/1.2198254
141 citations
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TL;DR: The chemical characteristics for different parts of Panax notoginseng, including root, fibre root, rhizome, stem, leaf, flower and seed, were determined using high performance liquid chromatography-evaporative light scattering detection (HPLC-ELSD) and pressurized liquid extraction (PLE).
140 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors study the cross-border transfer of organizational learning systems to the subsidiaries of five Japanese manufacturing companies operating in South China and develop a holistic model of the overall process, by integrating knowledge-oriented, routine-oriented and social/contextual perspectives.
Abstract: Qualitative interviews and observations were conducted to study the cross-border transfer of organizational learning systems to the subsidiaries of five Japanese manufacturing companies operating in South China. This paper develops a holistic model of the overall process, by integrating knowledge-oriented, routine-oriented, and social/contextual perspectives, each of which plays a necessary role in explaining essential aspects. One feature of the transfer of organizational learning systems entailed arranging local access to, and opportunity to replicate, various types of knowledge repository that contained corporate values as well as technical expertise. A second feature involved the development of collective learning routines through dynamic interplay with evolving, locally based, knowledge repositories. A third feature, in two companies, entailed the creation of enterprise contexts that reproduced the socialization and corporate culture maintenance rituals, and the open plan factory and office designs, that were hallmarks of the respective parent companies, and which appeared highly conducive to the transfer of collective learning routines to the local sites. Findings indicate that successful cross-border transfer of organizational learning systems entails the development and implementation of an overall heuristic design for cultivating collective learning routines through the engineering of enterprise contexts and the responsive management of knowledge repositories.
138 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, a fast and generalized applicable three-dimensional space vector modulation (3DSVM) is proposed for controlling a three-level neutral point clamped (NPC) inverter in a 3-phase four-wire system.
Abstract: A two-level four-leg inverter has been developed for the three-phase four-wire power quality compensators. When it is applied to medium and large capacity compensators, the voltage stress across each switch is so high that the corresponding dv/dt causes large electromagnetic interference. The multilevel voltage source inverter topologies are good substitutes, since they can reduce voltage stress and improves output harmonic contents. The existing three-level neutral point clamped (NPC) inverter in three-phase three-wire systems can be used in three-phase four-wire systems also, because the split dc capacitors provide a neutral connection. This paper presents a comparison study between the three-level four-leg NPC inverter and the three-level NPC inverter. A fast and generalized applicable three-dimensional space vector modulation (3DSVM) is proposed for controlling a three-level NPC inverter in a three-phase four-wire system. The zero-sequence component of each vector is considered in order to implement the neutral current compensation. Both simulation and experimental results are given to show the effectiveness of the proposed 3DSVM control strategy. Comparisons between the 3DSVM and the 3-D hysteresis control strategy are also achieved.
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TL;DR: The study shows that the predicted results using the estimated model from LS-SVM are good agreement with the actual test results, and Bayesian framework is also applied to infer the hyperparameters used in LS- SVM so as to eliminate the work of cross-validation.
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TL;DR: In this paper, a double-bounded dichotomous choice contingent valuation method (DC-CVM) and choice experiment (CE) was used to examine Macao residents' preferences for alternative solid waste management policy changes in Macao.
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TL;DR: A capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) separation were developed for simultaneous determination of four flavonoids including icariin, epimedin A, Epimedin B and epimedIn C in Epimedium, which could be used for quality control of EpIMedium and its medical preparations.
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TL;DR: A pattern recognition approach for structural health monitoring (SHM) is presented that uses damage‐induced changes in Ritz vectors as the features to characterize the damage patterns defined by the corresponding locations and severity of damage.
Abstract: A pattern recognition approach for structural
health monitoring (SHM) is presented that uses damage-induced
changes in Ritz vectors as the features to characterize
the damage patterns defined by the corresponding
locations and severity of damage. Unlike most other pattern
recognition methods, an artificial neural network
(ANN) technique is employed as a tool for systematically
identifying the damage pattern corresponding to an observed
feature. An important aspect of using an ANN is
its design but this is usually skipped in the literature on
ANN-based SHM. The design of an ANN has significant
effects on both the training and performance of the ANN.
As the multi-layer perceptron ANN model is adopted in
this work, ANN design refers to the selection of the number
of hidden layers and the number of neurons in each
hidden layer. A design method based on a Bayesian probabilistic
approach for model selection is proposed. The
combination of the pattern recognition method and the
Bayesian ANN design method forms a practical SHM
methodology. A truss model is employed to demonstrate
the proposed methodology.
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TL;DR: A new 2-degrees of freedom compliant parallel micromanipulator utilizing flexure joints is proposed for two-dimensional nanomanipulation in this paper, constructed and analyzed by a pseudorigid-body model, architectural optimization, and finite-element analysis.
Abstract: A new 2-degrees of freedom compliant parallel micromanipulator (CPM) utilizing flexure joints is proposed for two-dimensional nanomanipulation in this paper. By a proper selection of actuators, flexure hinges, and materials, this system is constructed and analyzed by a pseudorigid-body model, architectural optimization, and finite-element analysis. Both the position and velocity kinematic modelings are established, and afterwards, statics analysis is performed. In view of the physical constraints imposed by pizeo-actuators and flexure hinges, the CPM's workspace area is determined. And in order to achieve a maximum workspace subjected to the given dexterity indices, kinematic optimization of the design parameters is carried out, which results in a manipulator satisfying the operational requirements. Furthermore, the finite-element analysis has been undertaken to validate the analytical modeling, and the influence of architectural parameters on CPM performance has been evaluated as well. Note to Practitioners-This paper is motivated by the problem of designing a nanomanipulator for two-dimensional (2-D) assembly of nanoscale objects via nanomanipulation. A novel planar parallel mechanism incorporating compliant mechanisms is designed for such a purpose. Since the application of the manipulator depends significantly on the kinematic mathematical models, the designed compliant parallel micromanipulator (CPM) is analyzed by the established pseudorigid-body (PRB) model. The architectural optimization leads to a CPM satisfying the workspace and resolution requirements of this work. Moreover, finite-element analysis is performed to verify the accuracy of the developed PRB model, and simulation results illustrate the efficiency of the PRB model in designing and analyzing the CPM. Since the designed CPM is composed solely of flexural elements which are known to be competent in high precise applications, it is reasonable to expect that the CPM could find its way into 2-D manipulation of nanoscale components.
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10 Nov 2006
TL;DR: This article presents a mathematical characterization of object-oriented concepts by defining an observation-oriented semantics for a relational object-based language with a rich variety of features including subtypes, visibility, inheritance, type casting, dynamic binding and polymorphism.
Abstract: This article presents a mathematical characterization of object-oriented concepts by defining an observation-oriented semantics for a relational object-based language with a rich variety of features including subtypes, visibility, inheritance, type casting, dynamic binding and polymorphism. The language can be used to specify object-oriented designs as well as programs. We present a calculus that supports both structural and behavioural refinement of object-oriented designs. The design calculus is based on the predicate logic in Hoare and He's Unifying Theories of Programming (UTP).
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TL;DR: The data showed that a considerable amount of the solid waste generated can be recycled and reutilized, and solid waste incineration has been given a top priority over other waste disposal methods although it is much more expensive.
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TL;DR: A substructuring approach that allows for the identification and monitoring of some critical substructures only and allows one to obtain not only the most probable values of the updated model parameters but also their as- sociated uncertainties using only one set of response data is proposed.
Abstract: A probabilistic substructure identification and health monitoring methodology for linear systems is presented using measured response time histories only. A very large number of uncertain parameters have to be identified if one considers the updating of the entire structure. For identifiability, one then would require a very large number of sensors. Furthermore, even when such a large number of sensors are available, process- ing of vast amount of the corresponding data raises com- putational difficulties. In this article a substructuring ap- proach is proposed, which allows for the identification and monitoring of some critical substructures only. The proposed method does not require any interface measure- ments and/or excitation measurements. No information regarding the stochastic model of the input is required. Specifically, the method does not require the response to be stationary and does not assume any knowledge of the parametric form of the spectral density of the input. There- fore, the method has very wide applicability. The proposed approach allows one to obtain not only the most probable values of the updated model parameters but also their as- sociated uncertainties using only one set of response data. The probability of damage can be computed directly using data from the undamaged and possibly damaged struc- ture. A hundred-story building model is used to illustrate the proposed method.
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TL;DR: A two-dimensional Markov chain model is developed to analyze the performance of AC USUM charts and a more general operating model is suggested for the current ACUSUM chart to simplify its implementation.
Abstract: When the magnitude of a future shift is unknown, a control chart designed to perform over a range of shifts is a better option than optimizing the performance at detecting a certain level of shifts. In this sense, the adaptive cumulative sum (ACUSUM) ch..
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TL;DR: In this paper, the microstructure and the phases present in the resolidified zone of the laser-welded specimens were analyzed by optical microscopy and X-ray diffractometry, respectively.
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TL;DR: In this article, a model that links networking, professional management practices, and growth stage with bank financing was developed and tested using a sample of Vietnamese private firms and the results support the hypotheses that growth stage and networking greatly influence firms' accessibility to bank financing, and that the impact of networking on financing is contingent on the growth stage.
Abstract: Private firms in transition economies are operating in an extremely uncertain environment, with underdeveloped market institutions, poorly defined property rights, and absence of reliable business data. This raises a very basic question of how owners of these firms persuade bankers to make much needed loans. This study employs an institutional perspective and argues that firms' legitimacy positively influences their accessibility to bank financing. Specifically, this study develops a model that links networking, professional management practices, and growth stage with bank financing and tests that model using a sample of Vietnamese private firms. The results support the hypotheses that growth stage and networking greatly influence firms' accessibility to bank financing, and that the impact of networking on financing is contingent on the growth stage.
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TL;DR: A Bayesian probabilistic method to select the ANN model class with suitable complexity is presented, which is usually overlooked in the literature.
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TL;DR: The fingerprint can help to distinguish the substitute or adulterant, and further assess the differences of P. cablin grown in various areas of China, was generated using the Computer Aided Similarity Evaluation System.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe a new model of in-service teacher education in China, implemented within a broader program of Xingdong Jiaoyu (Action Education), which has been implemented since 2003.
Abstract: This paper describes Keli (Exemplary Lesson Development), a new model of in-service teacher education in China, implemented within a broader program of Xingdong Jiaoyu (Action Education), which has been implemented since 2003. This paper sets out how to implement the innovative Keli model. Finally, the implications for the practical community, including teachers and researchers, are examined.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the heat transfer behavior in the transition region for plain horizontal tubes under a uniform wall heat flux boundary condition is discussed in detail, in particular, the influence of inlet configuration and free convection superimposed on the forced convection (or mixed convection) at the start and end of the transition regions and the magnitude of heat transfer are addressed.
Abstract: In this study, the heat transfer behavior in the transition region for plain horizontal tubes under a uniform wall heat flux boundary condition is discussed in detail. In particular, the influence of inlet configuration and free convection superimposed on the forced convection (or mixed convection) at the start and end of the transition region and the magnitude of heat transfer are addressed. The available correlations to predict the heat transfer coefficient in the transition region are reviewed, and their performance are evaluated based on 1290 experimental data points obtained under a wide range of experimental conditions. Appropriate correlations for the mixed and forced convection transition regions are recommended. Finally, a flow regime map for determination of the boundary between forced and mixed convection in horizontal tubes with different inlets is presented.
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TL;DR: A simple and rapid pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) and high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) method was developed for qualitative and quantitative determination of nucleosides, bases and their analogues in natural and cultured Cordyceps.
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25 Jun 2006TL;DR: The stochastic PSO (S-PSO) with high exploration ability is developed, so that a swarm with small size can accomplish path planning and to reduce computational cost of optimization.
Abstract: This paper proposes a new approach using improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) to optimize the path of a mobile robot through an environment containing static obstacles. Relative to many optimization methods that produce nonsmooth paths, the PSO method developed in this paper can generate smooth paths, which are more preferable for designing continuous control technologies to realize path following using mobile robots. To reduce computational cost of optimization, the stochastic PSO (S-PSO) with high exploration ability is developed, so that a swarm with small size can accomplish path planning. Simulation results validate the proposed algorithm in a mobile robot path planning.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors explore the question of how banks make loan decisions in the absence of legitimate markets, contracts, and private property, and the lack of business data, and explore the role of banks in this process.
Abstract: This research explores the question of how – in the absence of institutions that legitimate markets, contracts, and private property, and the lack of business data – banks make loan decisions to th...
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TL;DR: The simulated results from the modified inhibition model expressed by FA and ammonium/nitrite concentrations were shown very similar to the experimental results, and the optimal FA concentration range appeared to be 5–10 mg/L for the adapted sludge.
Abstract: A shortcut biological nitrogen removal (SBNR) utilizes the concept of a direct conversion of ammonium to nitrite and then to nitrogen gas. A successful SBNR requires accumulation of nitrite in the system and inhibition of the activity of nitrite oxidizers. A high concentration of free ammonia (FA) inhibits nitrite oxidizers, but unfortunately decreases the ammonium removal rate as well. Therefore, the optimal range of FA concentration is necessary not only to stabilize nitrite accumulation but also to achieve maximum ammonium removal. In order to derive such optimal FA concentrations, the specific substrate utilization rates of ammonium and nitrite oxidizers were measured. The optimal FA concentration range appeared to be 5-10 mg/L for the adapted sludge. The simulated results from the modified inhibition model expressed by FA and ammonium/nitrite concentrations were shown very similar to the experimental results.