Showing papers by "University of Madras published in 2005"
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Results clearly show the antioxidant property of Aloe vera gel extract, which was also more effective than glibenclamide in restoring the values of these parameters.
329 citations
TL;DR: OVX induces oxidative stress in the femur bone of rats and enzymatic antioxidants like SOD, GPx, GST were decreased in ovariectomized animals when compared to sham-operated control rats.
307 citations
TL;DR: EJs- kernel possesses hypolipidemic effect, which may be due to the presence of flavonoids, saponins, glycosides and triterpenoids in the extract, which is anticipated to have biological significance and provide a scientific rationale for the use of EJs-kernel as an anti-diabetic plant.
248 citations
TL;DR: A novel colorimetric and fluorescent chemosensor ADDTU-1 bearing dual receptor sites, which shows specific optical signaling for AcO, H2PO4-, and F- over other anions and dual response toward AcO- andF- via PET and ICT mechanisms, is described.
247 citations
TL;DR: This study supports the viewpoint put forth by previous South Indian authors that the distribution of gram-negative bacteria is more common than that of Gram-positive ones and it is contrary to the viewpoint that diabetic foot infections are frequently monomicrobial.
212 citations
TL;DR: The serial extracts of the leaves of Aegle marmelos Corr.
168 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of derivatives of 1,2,4 triazole, 3-amino 1, 2,4-traizole (ATA), 3amino 5-mercapto (AMT) and 3-AMino 5methylthio (AMTT) and ionic surfactants cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) on the corrosion control of copper in acidic solution was investigated by gravimetric and electrochemical methods.
164 citations
TL;DR: Results of the study showed, lipoic acid treatment reduces oxidative protein damage in arsenic intoxicated rat brain regions, which is associated with its antioxidant activity that combines free radical scavenging and metal chelating properties.
159 citations
TL;DR: Results of this study revealed that Tridax procumbens could afford a significant protection in the alleviation of d-GalN/LPS-induced hepatocellular injury.
152 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The results clearly suggest that seeds of Momordica charantia treated group may effectively normalize the impaired antioxidant status in streptozotocin induced-diabetes than the glibenclamide treated groups.
Abstract: The aim of the present study is to investigate the antioxidant activities of the aqueous extract of seeds of two varieties, namely a country and hybrid variety of Momordica charantia (MCSEt1 and MCSEt2) respectively in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Oral administration of both the seed extracts at a concentration of 150 mg/kg b.w for 30 days showed a significant decrease in fasting blood glucose, hepatic and renal thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and hydroperoxides. The treatment also resulted in a significant increase in reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione-s-transferase in the liver and kidney of diabetic rats. The results clearly suggest that seeds of Momordica charantia treated group may effectively normalize the impaired antioxidant status in streptozotocin induced-diabetes than the glibenclamide treated groups. The extract exerted rapid protective effects against lipid peroxidation by scavenging of free radicals there by reducing the risk of diabetic complications. The effect was more pronounced in MCSEt1 compared to MCSEt2.
147 citations
TL;DR: It is divulged that oral administration of Triphala appears to stimulate the neutrophil functions in the immunized rats and stress induced suppression in the neut phagocytosis and steroid levels were significantly prevented byTriphala.
Abstract: Immune activation is an effective as well as protective approach against emerging infectious diseases. The immunomodulatory activities of Triphala (Terminalia chebula, Terminalia belerica and Emblica officinalis) were assessed by testing the various neutrophil functions like adherence, phagocytosis (phagocytic index (P.I) and avidity index (A.I)) and nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction in albino rats. In recent years much attention is being focused on the immunological changes occur during stress. Noise (100 dB) stress for 4 h/d for 15 d, was employed to alter the neutrophil functions. The neutrophil function tests and corticosterone levels were carried out in eight different groups of animals, namely control, Triphala, noise-stress, Triphala noise-stress, and corresponding immunized groups were used. Sheep red blood cells (SRBC 5 x 10(9) cells per ml) were used for immunizing the animals that belongs to immunized groups. In Triphala administration (1 g/kg/d for 48 d), A.I was found to be significantly enhanced in the Triphala group, while the remaining neutrophil functions and steroid levels were not altered significantly. However the neutrophil functions were significantly enhanced in the Triphala immunized group with a significant decrease in corticosterone level was observed. Upon exposure to the noise-stress, the neutrophil functions were significantly suppressed and followed by a significant increase in the corticosterone levels were observed in both the noise-stress and the noise-stress immunized groups. These noise-stress-induced changes were significantly prevented by Triphala administration in both the Triphala noise-stress and the Triphala noise-stress immunized groups. Hence our study has divulged that oral administration of Triphala appears to stimulate the neutrophil functions in the immunized rats and stress induced suppression in the neutrophil functions were significantly prevented by Triphala.
TL;DR: This study confirms the isolated fungi present on a wide range of substrates in the ambient environment, and these results could provide basic data for further investigations on fungal extracellular enzymes.
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that arsenic-induced deficits in antioxidant enzyme activities and increase in oxidant production and lipid peroxidation level in brain regions can be overcome through simultaneous treatment with lipoic acid.
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that grape seed extract enhanced the antioxidant status and decreased the incidence of free radical-induced lipid peroxidation in the central nervous system of aged rats.
TL;DR: The results reveal that antibiotic-resistant bacteria are widespread in the shrimp cultureHatcheries and ponds in India and indicate that isolates from the hatcheries were more resistant to antimicrobials than isolate from the ponds.
TL;DR: It is suggested that vitamin C and E have ameliorative role against adverse effects of PCB on Leydig cell steroidogenesis and antioxidant system and Aroclor 1254 treatment significantly reduced the serum LH, TSH, PRL, T4, testosterone and estradiol.
Abstract: Free radical production and lipid peroxidation are potentially important mediators in testicular physiology and toxicology. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are global environmental contaminants th...
TL;DR: It may be concluded that the treatment of Momordica charantia seed varieties may effectively normalize the impaired oxidative stress in streptozotocin induced-diabetes than the glibenclamide treated groups.
Abstract: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the aqueous extract of seeds of two varieties, namely a country and hybrid variety of Momordica charantia (MCSEt1 and MCSEt2) on oxidative stress in plasma and pancreas of streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Oral administration of each of the seed extracts at a dosage of 150 mg/kg body weight for 30 d resulted in a significant reduction in plasma glucose, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, lipid-hydroperoxides, alpha-tocopherol and significant improvement in ascorbic acid, reduced glutathione and insulin. The treatment also resulted in a significant reduction in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, lipid-hydroperoxides, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and significant improvement in reduced glutathione in pancreas of drug treated diabetic rats when compared to the untreated diabetic rats. On the basis of results obtained, it may be concluded that the treatment of Momordica charantia seed varieties may effectively normalize the impaired oxidative stress in streptozotocin induced-diabetes than the glibenclamide treated groups.
TL;DR: In this paper, an extract of Centella asiatica, an antioxidant, when administered orally (300 mg/kg body weight/day) for 60 days would prevent age-related changes in antioxidant defense system, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and protein carbonyl (PCO) content in rat brain regions such as cortex, hypothalamus, striatum, cerebellum and hippocampus.
TL;DR: CrVI disrupts spermatogenesis by inducing free radical toxicity, and supplementation of antioxidant vitamins may be beneficial to the affected subjects.
Abstract: Background Reproductive toxicity of chromium is in dispute despite positive findings in rodents. Recently we reported epididymal toxicity of hexavalent chromium (CrVI) in bonnet monkeys and in this paper we report its testicular toxicity. Methods Adult monkeys (Macaca radiata) were given drinking water containing CrVI (100, 200, 400 p.p.m.) for 6 months and testes were removed for ultrastructural and biochemical analyses. Results CrVI treatment disrupted spermatogenesis, leading to accumulation of prematurely released spermatocytes, spermatids and uni- and multinucleate giant cells in the lumen of seminiferous tubules. Transmission electron microscopy revealed granulation of chromatin and vacuolation between acrosomal cap and manchette microtubules of elongated spermatids and in the Golgi area of round spermatids. Pachytene spermatocytes had fragmented chromatin and swollen mitochondria with collapsed cristae. Spermatocytes and spermatogonia in the basal compartment were unaffected. Macrophages containing phagocytosed sperm and dense inclusions in Sertoli cells were seen. Specific activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and concentrations of the non-enzymatic antioxidants glutathione, vitamins A, C and E decreased, while concentrations of H(2)O(2) and hydroxyl radicals increased in the testis of chromium-treated monkeys. Withdrawal of chromium treatment for 6 months normalized spermatogenesis and the status of pro- and antioxidants in the testis. Conclusions CrVI disrupts spermatogenesis by inducing free radical toxicity, and supplementation of antioxidant vitamins may be beneficial to the affected subjects.
TL;DR: In this paper, a Wistar strain albino rats were subjected to 100 dB broadband white noise, 4 h daily for 15 days, and the high-pressure liquid chromatographic estimation of norepinephrine, epinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin in discrete regions of the rat brain indicates that noise stress can alter the brain biogenic amines.
TL;DR: It was concluded that quercetin inhibits prostate cancer cell proliferation by altering the expression of cell cycle regulators and apoptotic proteins.
Abstract: Prostate cancer is the major health problem and the leading cause of male cancer death. Quercetin is a novel antitumor and antioxidant, whose molecular mechanism involved in cell cycle arrest in androgen independent prostate cancer cells remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of quercetin on proliferation and cell cycle arrest by modulation of Cdc2/Cdk-1 protein in prostate cancer cells (PC-3). PC- 3 cells are human androgen independent cancer cells and were cultured with quercetin at concentrations of 50 and 100 μM for 24 h. Cell proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were analyzed. Expression of Cdc2/Cdk-1, cyclin B1, cyclin A, p21/Cip1, pRb, pRb2/p130, Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, Bax and caspase-3 proteins were studied with western blot analysis. Addition of quercetin led to substantial decrease in the expression of Cdc2/Cdk-1, cyclin B1 and phosphorlyated pRb and increase in p21. Flowcytometric analysis showed that quercetin blocks G2-M transition, with significant induction of apoptosis. Apoptosis markers like Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL were significantly decreased and Bax and caspase-3 were increased. From this study, it was concluded that quercetin inhibits prostate cancer cell proliferation by altering the expression of cell cycle regulators and apoptotic proteins.
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that grape seed extract enhanced the antioxidant status and decreased the incidence of free radical induced protein oxidation in aged rats thereby protecting the central nervous system from the reactive oxygen species.
TL;DR: In this paper, the impact of thermal effluents from coastal power plant located on the east coast of India on phytoplankton was studied by field observations and laboratory experiments.
TL;DR: The data proved that antioxidant property of α-asarone against noise-stress induced changes in the rat brain, and more clinical studies are required to investigate effectiveness of the α-aserone in noisy environment in human subjects.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors attributed an increase in the AB superexchange interaction strength due to a possible enhancement in the magnetic ion concentration in the A-site on milling, as evident from extended x-ray absorption fine structure and in-field Mossbauer measurements.
Abstract: The Neel temperature of Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 spinel ferrite increases significantly from 538 K in the bulk state to 592 K when the grain size is reduced to 16 nm by milling in a high-energy ball mill. This has been attributed to an increase in the AB superexchange interaction strength due to a possible enhancement in the magnetic ion concentration in the A-site on milling, as is evident from extended x-ray absorption fine structure and in-field Mossbauer measurements. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics.
TL;DR: The results suggest that ACF has got promising antioxidative activity in alloxan diabetic rats.
TL;DR: It was shown that a second-order polynominal regression model could properly interpret the experimental data and confer a 100% yield of keratinase activity with 5 mM CaCl 2, pH 8.0 and at a temperature of 40 °C.
TL;DR: The present work evaluated the regulatory effect exerted by Vitamin C and Vitamin E upon the apoptotic process, which can be assessed by the presence of cells with apoptosis associated DNA breaks and characterize the role of TNF-α and caspase-3 in rats intoxicated with arsenic.
TL;DR: The talc formulations of biocontrol agents either alone or in combination can be recommended as one of the crop protection strategies for the management of sheath blight of rice.
Abstract: The effect of talc formulations of Pseudomonas fluorescens Migula and Trichoderma viride Pers. ex S.F. Gray applications either alone or in combination on crop growth, sheath blight disease and grain yield in rice was investigated in three different field experiments. Increased root and shoot lengths, dry weight and plant height were recorded following treatment of plants with P. fluorescens and T. viride either alone or in combination when compared with control. Application of P. fluorescens and T. viride resulted in a significant reduction of sheath blight incidence caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn and was comparable to the treatment with a systemic fungicide, Carbendazim. The number of productive tillers, grains per panicle and grain test weight were also significantly increased in the treated plots with commensurate increase in grain and straw yields when compared with control. The promotion of plant growth and yield and suppression of sheath blight disease were marginally improved following combined application of P. fluorescens and T. viride. Although the combined application of both biocontrol agents did not lead to statistically significant additive effects in reducing the sheath blight and increasing grain yield when compared with their individual applications, no negative effect was recorded in this combined application treatment. Hence, the talc formulations of biocontrol agents either alone or in combination can be recommended as one of the crop protection strategies for the management of sheath blight of rice.
TL;DR: Both the ethyl acetate and methanolic extract of Acorus calamus protected most of the changes in the rat brain induced by noise-stress, indicating that during exposure of noisy environment ROS generation led to increase in corticosterone, LPO and SOD, but decrease in CAT, GPx, GSH, protein thiols, vitamins C and E levels.
Abstract: Exposure to continuous loud noise is a serious health problem due to excess production of oxygen free radicals. In medical research, more attention is paid to the antioxidant properties of medicinal plants to minimize the harmful effects of radicals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of both ethyl acetate and methanolic extract of Acorus calamus LINN against noise stress (30 d, 100 dBA/4h/d) induced changes in the rat brain. We measured the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), vitamin C, vitamin E, protein thiols and lipid peroxidation (LPO) for the evaluation of oxidative stress status in discrete regions of the rat brain like cerebral cortex, cerebellum, pons-medulla, midbrain, hippocampus and hypothalamus. The results indicated that during exposure of noisy environment ROS generation led to increase in corticosterone, LPO and SOD, but decrease in CAT, GPx, GSH, protein thiols, vitamins C and E levels. Both the ethyl acetate and methanolic extract of Acorus calamus protected most of the changes in the rat brain induced by noise-stress.